What are the commonly used inspection methods in laboratory diagnosis of swine diseases?

The commonly used inspection methods for laboratory diagnosis of swine diseases include the following:

(1) Routine examination method of pig feces and urine ① Urine occult blood examination: Hemorrhagic diseases of kidney, bladder and urinary tract and hemolytic diseases, such as swine fever, swine erysipelas and hemolytic diseases of newborn piglets, all of which contain blood or hemoglobin. When the equivalent is small, it needs to be determined by chemical method. ② Examination of fecal occult blood showed positive fecal occult blood, which was found in gastric ulcer, gastric perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding diseases. ③ Microscopic examination of feces is mainly to observe and check parasite eggs and larvae in feces with the help of microscope, and at the same time, it can also know the digestive ability of pigs and whether there are inflammatory lesions in gastrointestinal tract. Commonly used are direct smear method and saturated brine flotation method.

(2) Routine blood examination of pigs ① Determination of hemoglobin content The hemoglobin value of healthy pigs is 10.5g/ 100ml (the fluctuation range is 9.5 ~ 12g/ 100ml). Increased hemoglobin content is seen in severe diarrhea, vomiting, sweating and some toxic diseases. The decrease of hemoglobin content is seen in anemia of piglets and various chronic wasting diseases, such as chronic swine fever and ascariasis of piglets. ② Red blood cell count The average red blood cell count of healthy pigs is 6 million/cubic millimeter (the fluctuation range is 5 million ~ 7 million/cubic millimeter). Polycythemia is blood concentration, such as dehydration, sweating and exudative pleurisy. Erythropenia is a variety of anemia diseases or chronic wasting diseases. ③ White blood cell count The average white blood cell count of healthy pigs is1300,000 /m3 (the fluctuation range is11000,000 ~1600,000 /m3). White blood cell count is of great significance to the auxiliary diagnosis of some diseases. Most bacterial infections and inflammations, such as erysipelas, pneumonia, streptococcosis, etc. And some viral infectious diseases will reduce white blood cells, such as swine fever and influenza; In the late stage of some serious infectious diseases, leukopenia can also be seen when the body is highly exhausted.

(3) Isolation, culture and identification of bacteria First, the diseased materials (heart blood, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, etc.) were collected. ) can be directly pushed or smeared for microscopic examination or separated and cultured. If conditions permit, the pathogen can also be identified by biochemical reaction, animal inoculation test or serotype identification test. (4) Drug sensitivity test Long-term or unreasonable use of antibiotics can cause drug resistance of some pathogenic bacteria. In order to reduce the blind abuse of antibacterial drugs and not delay the treatment opportunity, drug sensitivity tests can be carried out to screen out the most sensitive drugs for clinical treatment. Paper method is commonly used. (5) Serological diagnosis and serological reaction are highly specific and sensitive. Therefore, it can be widely used in the diagnosis of various infectious diseases in veterinary clinic. The specific method is described as follows.