How far and how deep ditches should be dug for apple tree fertilization (apple tree furrowing fertilization method)

Base fertilizer should be applied deeply in autumn, and it is best to furrow and fertilize. The fertilization ditch is 30 cm wide and 30 ~ 40 cm deep. As for the distance from the trunk, theoretically speaking, the drip line outside the canopy extends outward. In actual operation, excavation should be carried out according to the actual situation. If manual ditching is used, radial fertilization ditches can also be dug, with at least 4 ditches per tree, and the trees should be dug outward from the trunk about 1 m in the full fruit period.

Fertilization of apple trees mainly includes base fertilizer in autumn, fertilization in spring and topdressing in other periods. Fertilization methods are different in different periods, and the specific operation should be carried out according to the actual situation.

On the premise of respecting science, we should flexibly choose the fertilization method, the way of fertilization ditch and the distance from the trunk. Generally speaking, fertilization has the best effect, low labor intensity and low labor consumption.

1. Apply base fertilizer in autumn.

The best period of fertilization in autumn is from late September to165438+1early October, which is also the root growth period of apple trees. It has a strong ability to absorb fertilizer and water, part of which is used for root growth, and part of which is stored for germination, flowering, leaf spreading and long branches in the next year.

Therefore, the base fertilizer should be applied deeply in autumn, and it is best to furrow and fertilize. The fertilization ditch is 30 cm wide and 30 ~ 40 cm deep. As for the distance from the trunk, theoretically speaking, the drip line outside the canopy extends outward. In actual operation, excavation should be carried out according to the actual situation.

If manual ditching is used, radial fertilization ditches can also be dug, with at least 4 trees per tree. When the trees are full of fruit, they should be dug outward about 1 m away from the trunk, just connecting the fertilization ditches of the two trees.

Some people say that this will cut off the roots of apples. When fertilizing in autumn, there is no need to be afraid to cut off the roots of apples, because apples are in a period of vigorous root growth. Just cut off some roots, and many capillary roots will grow rapidly at the broken trees.

This can enhance the ability to absorb fertilizer and water, and at the same time, the root system is more vigorous.

2. Fertilize in spring

Fertilization in spring is to fertilize as soon as possible in the case of insufficient or no fertilization in autumn. At this stage, the root system of the apple tree has just started to move, and its ability to absorb fertilizer and water is poor, and its self-repair ability is poor, so it is necessary to apply fertilizer lightly in spring to prevent root damage.

Therefore, spring fertilization generally adopts point application method, which is a fertilization method of digging small pits.

It is suggested to dig fertilization pits as much as possible. At the full fruit stage, the fertilization pit of the apple tree begins to extend outward, about 1 m away from the trunk, and it is best to completely overlap the row spacing, and basically fertilize the whole garden.

Of course, in the young tree period, you can move closer and keep it at about 70 cm. The deeper the fertilization, the better, because the root of the tree has a direction of fertilizing hydrotropism. The deeper the fertilization, the deeper the tree will be, and the deeper the root will be.

Three. Topdressing in other seasons

For example, after flowering, young fruits are topdressing in the first expansion period, and apples are topdressing in the second expansion period in August.

The best fertilization method is the integration of fertilizer and water. Injecting water-soluble fertilizer with a fertilization gun is effective, fast and labor-saving. Of course, the distance is the same as above, the distance from trunk 1 m, and the fertilization of two trees with row spacing is just right.

Of course, fruit farmers who have no conditions can also adopt the point application method, just like the spring fertilization method, but it can be applied deeper in this period.

To sum up, the fertilization of apple trees should be carried out according to the actual situation. The best thing is that the planting density of apple trees, the cycle of apple trees and the fertilization in different periods are different and cannot be generalized.

Generally speaking, the distance between pit and trunk of fertilization ditch should be selected according to the fertilization period of fruit trees and on the premise of comprehensive pruning science.

But in general, fertilization should not be too close, because the capillary roots of apple trees that absorb fertilizer and water are distributed around the crown, not around the trunk, and there are a lot of thick roots around the trunk, which only plays the role of fixing the tree.