Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional virtues - Why is China an ancient civilization with a history of 5,000 years?

Why is China an ancient civilization with a history of 5,000 years?

Our motherland is one of the birthplaces of the world's civilization, with a civilization history of 5,000 years, and ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, ancient India and known as the "four great ancient civilizations".  Among these four ancient civilizations, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Babylon and Ancient India all lost their independence and interrupted their ancient civilizations due to foreign invasion. We, China, are the only ancient country in the world whose civilization tradition has never been interrupted. Long before the formation of the state, the Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun and Yu were successively active in the Yellow River Valley. Qi established our first slave state, Xia, in the 21st century B.C. Through the four phases of the Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn Periods, our slavery system underwent an independent continuation and development period of 1,600 years, which is simply incomparable to that of other ancient civilizations. With the end of slavery in China in 476 BC, China's history also entered the feudal society in 475 BC, which is a thousand years earlier than Western Europe in 476 only began to transition to feudal society. Our country established a united, multi-ethnic centralized state, Qin, in 221 B.C., while Britain and France in Western Europe began to embark on the path of centralized national monarchies only after the end of the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France in 1453, more than 1,600 years later than our country.  Our nation is a great and resourceful people. In ancient history, the Chinese people have created brilliant scientific, technological and cultural achievements represented by the Four Great Inventions, which have made significant contributions to human civilization.  Natural science statistics show that the proportion of China's major scientific and technological achievements (projects) in the world's major scientific and technological achievements is 57.4% before the 6th century B.C., 50% from the 6th century B.C. to the 1st century B.C., 62% from the 1st century B.C. to the 400th year B.C., 71% from the 401st to the 1000th year B.C., and 58% from the 1001st to the 1500th year B.C. The proportion of China's major inventions and cultural achievements before the Ming Dynasty is as follows. There are more than 300 important inventions and great scientific and technological achievements in the world before the Ming Dynasty, of which 175 were invented by us Chinese. From the third to the fifteenth centuries B.C., China's scientific and technological inventions were beyond the reach of Europe, and many of them were hundreds or even thousands of years ahead of Europe. For example, Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty invented the geodesic instrument 1,700 years earlier than Europe; Zu Chongzhi of the Southern Dynasty projected the precise value of pi (accurate to seven digits after the decimal point) more than 1,100 years earlier than Europe; Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty created the "twelve qi calendars" 800 years earlier than Europe; Bi Sheng of the Northern Song Dynasty invented the movable-type printing press 400 years earlier than Europe; Yuan dynasty Guo Shoujing's precise projection of the earth's rotation was 300 years earlier than Europe. In short, China's ancient science and culture has always been in a leading position in the world, and many inventions have been recognized by the world and have had a far-reaching impact on the world. Du Weiming, a professor at Harvard University in the United States, highly praised traditional Chinese culture, saying: "There are many cultures in the world that are ancient but not modern, and there are many cultures that are modern but not ancient, while there are very few cultures that are ancient but not modern, and such a magnificent cultural tradition as China's is simply a unique historical phenomenon". Therefore, our motherland is not only one of the ancient civilizations in the world, but also the only country in the world with an unbroken civilization tradition. For a long time, our Motherland has been a pioneer of world civilization, leading the trend of its development. The fact that our ancient working people created a splendid ancient civilization, which made our motherland one of the earliest culturally developed countries in the world, and made a significant contribution to the world's civilization and progress, fully proves that our Chinese nation is a people rich in wisdom, and a great nation with a particularly vigorous vitality.