What are the common automobile engines?

In-line engine means that the cylinders of the engine are arranged in a straight line, and all the cylinders are arranged at the same angle on a plane. Represented by the letter "L", the common in-line four-cylinder engines at present include BYD road tanks S6 and S7, including the recent Qin Pro, Song Pro, Tang Second Generation and so on. Of course, there are also inline 3-cylinder, 5-cylinder and 6-cylinder engines. In-line 6-cylinder engine has good dynamic balance and small vibration, and is used in mid-to high-end cars, while in-line 3-cylinder and in-line 5-cylinder engines are relatively rare.

The cylinder block, cylinder head and crankshaft of in-line engine are simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, balanced in operation, high in stability, good in low-speed torque characteristics, relatively fuel-efficient and widely used; However, when the displacement and cylinder number of the engine increase, the volume of the engine will become huge, so the displacement below 2.2L is generally 4 cylinders in line. At present, BMW's in-line engine technology is the most advanced, and its in-line 6-cylinder engine embodies the highest technology of today's mass production engine.

Second, the V-engine.

The difference between V-engine and in-line engine lies in the different arrangement of cylinders. It divides all cylinders into two groups and arranges adjacent cylinders together at a certain angle. Seen from the side, the cylinder is V-shaped, so it is called a V-shaped engine.

Compared with the in-line engine, the V-type engine is shorter in height and length, which makes its layout on the car more convenient. According to the principle of fluid mechanics, the smaller the front windward side, the better. In addition, due to the reduction of its length, the interior space of the car can be larger.

Three. W engine

W engine is a special type of V engine. The cylinder arrangement of the W engine is not like that of the W engine. In fact, the cylinders on each side of the two V-engines are staggered at a small angle. It looks like a W engine, so it is called a W engine.

Common w engines are W8, W 12, W 16 and W 18. Generally, luxury cars are equipped with such engines. For example, Passat W8 uses W8 engine, and Audi A8L uses W 12 engine. Because of the length and cylinder arrangement of W engine, its length and height are relatively small, and it can

Fourth, horizontally opposed engine.

If the included angle of the above V-shaped engine is enlarged to 180 degrees, the adjacent cylinders of such an engine are opposite, which is called horizontally opposed engine.

At present, only Porsche and Subaru are developing and applying horizontally opposed engine, and their advantages and disadvantages are extremely obvious.

It will bring all the advantages of V-engine into full play. The center of gravity is low, because its qigong is in a flat state, which is much lower than that of an in-line engine or an ordinary V-shaped engine, which makes the front hatch cover equipped with this engine very flat and low; The left-right symmetrical horizontally opposed engine itself is symmetrical, so the matched transmission can be placed in the middle, which is beneficial to the center of gravity of the car, not to one side.

However, it is not convenient to use the engine with front-wheel drive. In addition, due to the action of gravity, oil always flows from top to bottom. Because of the horizontal arrangement of its cylinders, the lubrication degree of the upper and lower parts of its cylinders is different, so its later maintenance cost will be higher, which also limits its development.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) rotary engine

The rotary engine was invented by a German named Figas Wankel. Its working principle is completely different from the traditional reciprocating engine. It relies on the revolution and rotation of its internal triangular rotor to realize the operation of the engine. When the triangular rotor rotates once, the engine does work and ignites three times, while the traditional engine only does work once every two weeks, so the power is super strong, but the fuel consumption is also extremely high. A car with a displacement of 1.3 liter will consume 16 liter within 100 kilometers, which is beyond the average person's affordability. Moreover, the sealing of rotary engine is a big problem, because internal fuel combustion only occurs in a part of the engine, resulting in very uneven combustion chamber temperature; It is precisely because of these shortcomings that Mazda is the only company that still insists on using rotary engines.