How do typhoons form? What about weakening to a tropical storm?

In order to distinguish tropical cyclones, it is necessary to give them individual names. In the earliest days, tropical cyclones were distinguished according to their location (mainly the latitude and longitude at which the center of the tropical cyclone was located), which was rather cumbersome and often unsatisfactory. It was not until the early part of the 19th century that some Spanish-speaking Caribbean islands named hurricanes according to the time in the Gregorian calendar when they made landfall. For example, the three hurricanes that hit Puerto Rico: Santa Ana on July 26, 1825, and San Felipe on September 13, 1876 and 1928, respectively. In the late 1800s, Australian forecaster Clemen Lange reportedly named tropical cyclones after politicians he hated. Later, the military named tropical cyclones based on the alphabetical order of English words (ABLE, BAKER, CHARLIE, etc.). During World War II, Americans named tropical cyclones after women. in the late 1970s, at the request of feminist organizations in the U.S., the nomenclature was expanded to include both male and female names. The advantages of using naming lists are gradually being accepted in spoken and written communication, especially in alarms. Names should be short, common and easy to remember, so as to facilitate the transmission of information to the millions of people in the area threatened by a tropical cyclone, in order to avoid confusion when the same area is exposed to the effects of more than one tropical cyclone at the same time. This practice was soon widely adopted in the Western Hemisphere.

In the 1970s, the naming system was used in all tropical cyclone-prone regions, and after the end of the 1970s, the naming of tropical cyclones became internationalized under the coordination of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Regional Commissions for Tropical Cyclones (RCTCs). In most regions, the tropical cyclone nomenclature (usually alternating male and female names) is developed by the Tropical Cyclone Committee of the region, which has the more important task of promoting and coordinating tropical cyclone mitigation actions in the region. Specific practices vary from region to region. A designated meteorological center is usually responsible for naming tropical cyclones in alphabetical order. Some regions recycle their naming lists, others develop new ones from time to time, and still others start from scratch when they run out of naming lists. If a tropical cyclone is notorious, e.g., has caused heavy casualties or brought about substantial property damage, the name of the tropical cyclone is dropped from the naming list and replaced by another name of the same gender with the same first letter. Some regions use 4 digits to name tropical cyclones, the first 2 digits are the year, the last 2 digits are the sequence number of the tropical cyclone in that year, and some also add a geographic indicator code, e.g., the 1st Tropical Storm in the Bay of Bengal in 1991 was named BOB 9109 (BOB stands for Bay of Bengal, an abbreviation of the Bay of Bengal in English). The 25th typhoon in 1990 was named 9025, and some countries have developed their own nomenclature for use in their own countries, e.g., the United States has developed nomenclature for the Northwest Pacific and the North Central Pacific, and the Philippines has developed nomenclature for the Northwest Pacific Typhoon. The NWP typhoon nomenclature used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) in Guam is often adopted by other countries in the region.

The Typhoon Committee consists mostly of members from countries and regions affected by typhoons. For many years, the Typhoon Committee has had a system of numbering typhoons, in which the Typhoon Center, a specialized meteorological center in the Tokyo region, is responsible for numbering tropical cyclones that reach tropical storm strength. A new method of naming tropical cyclones was implemented from January 1, 2000, in accordance with the resolution of the 31st Typhoon Committee meeting. The method will be used in bulletins issued by Typhoon Committee members to the international community. It will also be used by members when issuing tropical cyclone warnings in their local languages. The Typhoon Committee will still continue to use tropical cyclone numbers.

China has been adopting the tropical cyclone numbering method, in which tropical cyclones with maximum average winds of force 8 or above near the center occurring in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea west of 180 degrees longitude and north of the equator are numbered according to the order in which they are generated. For example, Tropical Storm No. 9608 is the eighth tropical cyclone generated in the above sea area in 1996, when it develops into a strong tropical storm, it is known as strong tropical storm No. 9608, and continues to develop into a typhoon, it is known as Typhoon No. 9608. Of course, when it decays into a tropical storm again, it's called Tropical Storm 9608 again. When a tropical cyclone decays into a tropical depression or degenerates into a temperate cyclone, its numbering ceases.

From January 1, 2000, China's Central Weather Bureau issued a tropical cyclone warning, in addition to continuing to use the tropical cyclone number, but also will use the tropical cyclone name.

Naming of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea

The 30th Typhoon Committee Meeting, held in Hong Kong, China, from November 25 to December 1, 1997, decided to initiate a study on the proposal of adopting Asian-inspired names for tropical cyclones in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea, and assigned the Typhoon Research Coordination Group (TRCG) to work out the details of implementation. After a year's effort, the TRCG came up with recommendations on the naming of tropical cyclones in the NW Pacific and the South China Sea, and the 31st Typhoon Committee Meeting, held in Manila, Philippines, on December 1-7, 1998, after a lively discussion, agreed on the naming scheme for tropical cyclones in the NW Pacific and the South China Sea as proposed by the TRCG, and decided that the new method of naming tropical cyclones would be implemented starting from January 1, 2000 onwards.

The Typhoon Committee Nomenclature *** has 140 names provided by Cambodia, China, North Korea, Hong Kong, China, Macao, China, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), the Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, the United States of America, and Viet Nam in the Asia-Pacific region.

The Typhoon Committee Nomenclature will be used in forecasts, warnings and bulletins issued through the international media and to the international aeronautical and nautical community, as well as for use by members when issuing tropical cyclone warnings in their local languages. This will help to raise awareness of approaching tropical cyclones and increase the effectiveness of the warnings. The Typhoon Committee will continue to use tropical cyclone numbers.

To avoid unnecessary confusion caused by multiple translations of one name, a uniform set of Chinese translations has been finalized after consultation between the Central Weather Bureau of China and the Hong Kong Observatory and the Geophysical and Meteorological Station of Macao, China. Starting from January 1, 2000, the Central Weather Bureau will continue to use the names of tropical cyclones in addition to their numbers when issuing tropical cyclone warnings, with Tropical Cyclone No. 1 in 2000 being named "Dawei", courtesy of Cambodia.

Naming of Tropical Cyclones (Typhoons) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea

The typhoon is a type of tropical cyclone, which is a type of low pressure that forms in the tropics. It rotates continuously and is accompanied by gusty winds and heavy rainfall weather. Tropical cyclones are classified into 4 types according to the size of the wind near their centers: those with central winds of magnitude 7 and below are called tropical depressions, those with magnitude 8 to 9 are called tropical storms, those with magnitude 10 to 11 are called strong tropical storms, and those with magnitude 12 and above are called typhoons. These four types of tropical cyclones tend to transform into each other during their development.

According to the resolution of the Typhoon Committee at its 31st session held in Manila, Philippines, from December 1 to 7, 1998, the naming of tropical cyclones generated in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and the South China Sea was adopted from January 1, 2000, using names with an Asian style, with the aim of helping to raise the level of alertness to tropical cyclones and to enhance the effectiveness of warnings. At the same time, the original tropical cyclone numbers are retained. The method will be used in bulletins issued by Typhoon Committee members to the international community. It is also used by members when issuing tropical cyclone warnings in their local languages.

The Nomenclature of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and South China Sea adopted by the 31st Typhoon Committee*** has 140 names, which were provided by 14 members in the Asia-Pacific region, namely, Cambodia, China, DPR Korea, Hong Kong, China, Macao, China, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), the Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, the United States of America, and Viet Nam (with 10 names provided by each member) . These 140 names are divided into 10 groups; the 14 names in each group (1 name provided by each member) are listed in alphabetical order for each member. The list of names is used sequentially and recursively.

According to the regulations, a tropical cyclone remains unchanged by its name throughout its life, whether it strengthens or weakens. Most of these names are derived from household legends, etc., in the providing countries and regions. The names provided by China are: "Dragon King", "Jade Rabbit", "Wind God", "Cuckoo", Hippocampus", "Wukong", "Haiyan", "Poseidon", "Electromother" and "Dengmu". Dengmu" and "Haitang".

The typhoon protects mankind while it harms him. Typhoons send fresh water resources to mankind, greatly alleviating the global water shortage. A typhoon whose diameter is not too large can bring 3 billion tons of precipitation when it makes landfall. In addition, typhoons also keep the world relatively balanced in terms of heat and cold. The equatorial regions have hot climates, and if it weren't for typhoons dispersing that heat, the tropics would be hotter, the cold zones would be colder, and the temperate zones would have disappeared from the face of the earth. In a word, typhoons are too big and too much, and not enough.