Please combine the report of "4. 14" Yushu earthquake to talk about how newspaper editors plan and report unexpected events.

Humanistic care is "concern for human existence, affirmation of human dignity and human existence, and pursuit of human liberation and freedom." This is a concept implanted from foreign academic circles. It emphasizes the value, dignity and integrity of human beings, cares about the harmony and development of our human beings, and shows sympathy and respect for all life.

The process of newspaper editing is not only a caring process for individuals, but also a caring process for the class and group it represents, that is, giving them the right to speak. This kind of care from the media will make people feel that it comes from the whole society, which can warm people's hearts and ease contradictions.

Starting from the process of newspaper editing, let's talk about how to run through the concept of humanistic care in the editing process:

First, newspaper planning: reflecting humanistic care from the source

News planning has been well known to the news industry, and it is also an important feature of mass newspapers' efforts to innovate. News is essentially an objective reflection of news facts. According to the actual value of news facts, editors must reasonably arrange the way of reporting, the method of arrangement and the manpower and material resources invested. When facing the planning of some "hot" news, editors should grasp the planning degree well and not abuse news resources in pursuit of the so-called "selling point". In newspaper planning, the aspects that can reflect humanistic care focus on topic planning and column planning.

For example, the recent news planning of Chutian Metropolis Daily about "running away from the mother and cutting the liver to save the child" has aroused strong repercussions from all walks of life. From 654381October 27th, this newspaper reported for the first time that "every day for half a year, I was eager to save my mother". In the following month, our editors and reporters continued to dig deep into the facts, planned follow-up reports, and launched reports full of human feelings, which made the planning achieve good communication effects.

Nowadays, in the practice of being close to the masses, every metropolis newspaper has its own unique tricks, but opening a column full of humanistic care has become a unanimous measure. There are various columns in the newspaper, such as "help you to inquire", "friendship reminder" and "life information". Take Chu Tian Jin Bao as an example. The oral record column "Tell the truth" pioneered by this newspaper is regarded as a spiritual sustenance by many readers because it pays attention to the excavation of emotional factors and the mobilization of the audience's emotions.

Second, manuscript selection: give priority to manuscripts full of human feelings.

The human touch of news was first put forward by western scholars, that is, news reporting and editing should be people-oriented and reflect more humanistic care. In the past, newspapers in China overemphasized the role of political mouthpiece. With the progress of society and the improvement of readers' self-awareness, more and more newspapers now pay attention to the human touch in the editing process.

In newspaper editing, we should give priority to the manuscripts with human feelings. Only when the emotion revealed in the manuscript meets the emotional needs of most readers can it arouse readers' * * *, and only when the manuscript arouses readers' * * * can it leave a deep impression on readers' hearts.

Human society is a whole, and newspapers should not only pay attention to the macro-development and the living conditions of mainstream people, but also pay attention to the joys and sorrows of marginal and vulnerable groups (such as migrant workers, laid-off workers, rural teachers, urban fringe, etc.). ). When editing news with vulnerable groups as the main body, we should choose those manuscripts that dig deep into the struggle between vulnerable groups and harsh living environment, which can not only publicize their tenacious spirit and lofty quality in human nature, but also play a role in propaganda and education, thus improving the humanistic quality and spiritual quality of the whole Chinese nation.

Recently, China Youth Daily took the lead in paying attention to the life of "ant tribe", making this vulnerable group appear in people's field of vision. From caring about their lives to making suggestions and suggestions on the system, it reflects the newspaper's deep concern for this group and makes these marginal groups no longer become marginal people in the media. Through reports, people will pay attention to them and their living conditions will be improved.

This kind of manuscript, which pays attention to the life and fate of the vulnerable groups and their value and dignity as human beings, can stand on the standpoint of human nature, reflect their suffering, and cheer for helping them improve the status quo. These manuscripts are full of human feelings.

Third, the layout: the concentrated expression of newspaper humanistic care

1. Help readers choose information. Layout is the overall expression of the layout of various contents in a newspaper. Whether a newspaper is readable, whether it makes readers feel happy and easy to read depends on the layout to some extent. Therefore, layout is not only a simple expression of content, but also a dynamic reflection of the editor's activation of layout content.

In the era of "thick newspaper", readers' reading is generally selective. The editor's job is not only to design a suitable layout, so that the characteristics and editing intention of the manuscript can be clearly expressed, but also to provide readers with the information they want to know better and faster, so that readers can find the information they need at a glance and enjoy reading.

2. The mourning on the page reflects the humanistic care of the newspaper. Domestic scholars believe that "layout language is one of the main means for layout editors to speak". Newspaper editors can reflect the feelings, positions and viewpoints of newspapers and editors through the layout language such as lines, titles, lengths and positions of manuscripts. Humanistic care enables newspaper editors to show their wisdom with a caring heart when reporting major disasters, and pay more attention to the psychological feelings of the parties and the audience while paying attention to news events.

On the second day of last year's earthquake, major newspapers conveyed their sympathy and care for the disaster area. What attracts readers' attention first is the layout of the newspaper. For example, on the front page of Southern Metropolis Daily in May 13, there were three lines in bold: "Let's pray for the people in the disaster area, let's mourn for the victims, and let's lend a helping hand to the disaster area." The newspaper used these three short sentences on the front page to show its concern for the people in the disaster area incisively and vividly. Chengdu Business Daily, a local newspaper in Sichuan, turned the whole newspaper into a black-and-white edition to express grief.

Fourth, title making: the crowning touch to highlight humanistic care.

In the "thick newspaper era", readers mostly grab useful information through news headlines. When editing news headlines, it is often necessary to consider not only whether the headlines reflect the content of the manuscript, but also whether the headlines attract readers' attention. This has caused some editors to understand the content of the manuscript unilaterally when making the title, which leads to the ambiguity of the title or the deliberate pursuit of sensory stimulation such as "star fish", thus leading to the deviation of the title from the mainstream culture of society.

For example, on the page of Jiangnan Metropolis Daily on June 1 65438+1October1June, 2006, there was a headline: "Nanchang police will focus on cleaning up six categories of personnel" empty hanging households ". The word "clean up" makes readers feel as if they treat these "empty hanging households" as garbage, which is unacceptable to readers, especially empty hanging households.

Under the influence of the financial turmoil, newspaper pages are full of reports on how difficult it is for college graduates to find jobs and how low-tech their positions are. For example, the Public Security Bureau requires a bachelor's degree in recruiting vegetable washers (Straits Metropolis Daily, 2009, 1 1), and Guanghua graduates of Peking University are repeatedly rejected in job hunting, and they make a living by chatting up stalls (Beijing News, 2006, 65438+26+0). According to the report that master students are scrambling to hire chicken and pig technicians (Wuhan Evening News, 2009,165438+122 October), although such reports highlight the impact of the financial turmoil on the employment of college students, in order to attract people, the headlines always focus on the low-tech jobs of college graduates. These headlines easily lead to people's one-sided estimation of the job market and create a pessimistic atmosphere.

Newspaper editors should not only respect people's reason and emotion, present readers with a real and objective external world, but also guide public opinion and build a new moral, ethical and value system in line with the spirit of the times. But in reality, many newspaper headlines only regard readers as natural people and instinctive people, lacking emotional guidance and rational promotion to the public. Obviously, this is a simple understanding of people, which is contrary to the principle of humanistic care.

Looking through newspapers casually, readers can find many headlines featuring social evils such as violence, murder and pornography, taking 165438+20091October 26th as an example. Young people are chasing their girlfriends in the street with hammers and sharp knives (Yangzi Evening News), beautiful women can't bear domestic violence and kill their husbands in jail 15 (Chongqing Evening News), and men have sex with their girlfriends 13-year-old daughters many times (Taizhou Evening News) ... These headlines only superficially deal with sporadic incidents, and don't touch the deep level behind the news facts at all.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) photo editing: image expression of strong humanistic care

Most of the news pictures we see in newspapers are edited, screened and edited. When editing, we should not only consider the influence of pictures, but also show care and love for the psychological feelings of news subjects and readers, and fully weigh the long-term impact of event disclosure on the progress of our human civilization. Only in this way can it be filled with strong humanistic care.

Nowadays, in order to pursue visual impact unilaterally, many newspaper editors are full of blood and sensory stimulation when dealing with news pictures of death, blood, disaster and pain, especially when dealing with news pictures of vulnerable groups, which are mostly manifested in abusing image deformation and wide-angle visual distortion.

For example, in June 5438+1October 65438+February, 2007, a newspaper in Nanjing published a photo news of migrant workers asking for wages. In the picture, a male migrant worker shouts with an iou. Because of the wide-angle lens, it highlights the deformation of his face and his figure is distorted and exaggerated. His body is bigger than his head and mouth, seemingly struggling, but in the cartoon-like lens, it implies the strangeness and funniness of migrant workers.

Foucault has a view that discourse is power, and power is realized in the control and discipline of discourse. Editing and distributing such pictures may be to create dramatic and conflicting effects, but the deformation or caricature transformation of vulnerable groups such as migrant workers is either a discourse discipline of subjective factors or a violent narrative of camera language, if not out of prejudice. Its biggest drawback is that it obscures the original ecology and truth of news figures, which is of course further from the truth of news.

What can provide learning materials for newspaper photo editors is that the "Guide to the Use and Editing of Pictures" formulated by New Express in 2004 has the following provisions on humanistic care:

First, several common types that need mosaic processing: 1, the faces of underage children involved in news photos; 2. Protect the personal privacy of the interviewee; 3. Exposed parts of violent and bloody scenes; 4, AIDS, leprosy patients face.

Two, the treatment of bloody and violent pictures in emergencies, pictures must be forwarded to the newspaper as far as possible or made into black and white pictures, in order to weaken the reader's sensory stimulation.

In a word, the starting point of people-oriented editing is the embodiment of humanistic spirit and the moral code of journalists. In a sense, whether from the overall process of human civilization development or from the historical period in which China lived, paying attention to people is the starting point of editing work. In the new era, our party puts forward "three approaches and three services", which is a further requirement for journalists to adhere to people-oriented and pay attention to life. In the final analysis, news communication activities reflect people's existence, fate, suffering and happiness, convey people's values, return to the media's "audience-oriented" and reflect the value of "starting from people and returning to people".

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