Communication Studies Essay Reference Sample

Communication is the science of social information system and its operation law, is the study of how human beings use symbols to communicate social information. The following is what I have compiled for you about the communication studies essay reference sample, welcome to read reference!

Communication thesis reference model article 1

News media public opinion supervision existing problems and countermeasures analysis

Abstract: Public opinion supervision is the mission and responsibility of each news media, with the overall progress of society and the profound changes in real life, the public is more and more concerned about the media public opinion supervision, the demand is more and more urgent. In recent years, the media public opinion supervision in vigorously promote positive spirit, actively maintain social stability, and effectively safeguard the basic rights of the people and other aspects of the achievements, but there are many imperfections, unsoundness, irregularities, thus appearing the supervision of the lack of power, supervision, supervision and supervision can not be the case. In the face of such a status quo, how to establish a scientific, healthy, legal system of news and public opinion supervision mechanism has become a problem we have to think about.

Keywords: news media; public opinion supervision; basic principles;

First, the meaning and direction of the media public opinion supervision

Public opinion supervision is the news media have the use of the unique power of public opinion, to help the public to understand the affairs of the government, social affairs and all the affairs related to the public **** etiquette, and to promote the operation of their operation along the rule of law and the direction of the social life of the public **** guidelines A right to social behavior [1].

The emergence of public opinion supervision is closely linked to the social system. In China, public opinion supervision is an important way for the people to supervise and comment on national and social affairs through the news media, and good public opinion supervision is the desire of the people, a means for the party and the government to improve their work, and an important responsibility of the news work. Wen Jiabao of the State Council pointed out in the 2012 Report on the Work of the Government that ? It is necessary to create conditions for the people to criticize the government and supervise it, while giving full play to the supervisory role of the press and public opinion, so that power can operate under the sun.? Hu Jintao emphasized in his speech at the World Media Summit in 2009: ? We should encourage and support the media to play an important role in promoting social justice, communicating social sentiments and public opinions, guiding social hotspots, channeling public sentiments, supervising public opinion, and safeguarding the people's rights to know, participate, express and supervise, etc.? The encouragement and expectation of the two state leaders on the function of news and public opinion supervision has pointed out the direction for us to better carry out news supervision in the future.

Second, the media public opinion supervision advantages and the status quo

With the progress of China's journalism, news and public opinion supervision has made considerable achievements. From the initial cautious to today's sharp; from the initial only a few to today's blossoming, news and public opinion supervision in the process of social development plays an increasingly important role.

From the supervision characteristics, public opinion supervision has several advantages. First, it has a high degree of audience attention and influence; second, it has a strong ability to guide public opinion; third, it has a variety of forms of expression; fourth, it involves a wide range of people, related to the audience's life. From the supervision of the status quo, since the reform and opening up, China's media public opinion supervision work with the party supervision, organizational supervision, institutional supervision and democratic supervision, in the formation of supervision of synergy and effectiveness has made great progress. Public opinion monitoring in the media has made commendable achievements in vigorously promoting righteousness, actively maintaining social stability, and effectively safeguarding the basic rights of the people, and has played a positive role in promoting the construction of the socialist legal system. However, with the rapid development of social and economic, public opinion supervision in the operation of many imperfect, unsound, unstandardized places, thus occurring the supervision of the lack of power, supervision and supervision of the situation, and even the existence of damage to the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, units and even affect the economic and social development of the situation. Some news media to create gimmicks to attract the attention of the general audience, even violating the ? Real? The life of this media supervision of public opinion, through inaccurate reports greatly damaged the social image of the news media supervision of public opinion and the value of existence.

For example, in March 2007, a Guangdong media reported that Panama disease was found in bananas in Guangdong, which is difficult to treat and is known as? banana cancer? The report was subsequently misinterpreted and extended, intentionally or unintentionally, to ? Eating bananas can cause cancer? and banana shippers used it to suppress the price of bananas, leading to the stagnation of bananas in Hainan and a sharp fall in their price. A blackmail? Banana cancer? Events, so that the banana industry in Hainan almost suffered a catastrophe, banana farmers suffered heavy losses, the lesson is extremely profound [2].

Third, the media public opinion supervision of the perfect path

The reality of the continuous development of economic and social development, in the face of the new situation, how to establish a scientific, healthy, legal system of the news public opinion supervision mechanism, effectively reflecting the will of the party and the people, the government, the judiciary, the implementation of effective supervision of the news public opinion of the community, not only is the construction of socialist society of the rule of law is an important issue, but also an important issue before the journalists. Journalists in front of an important topic. What the media publicize, comment on, criticize and supervise should be studied and implemented in accordance with the Party's policies and national guidelines, so as to make it conducive to the Party's rule and national stability, reform and opening up and economic construction, social development and human harmony. This requires us to adhere to the principles of party spirit, favorable stability, serve the overall situation, factual accuracy, objectivity and impartiality, focus on the principle of effect, compliance with the principle of discipline and the principle of supervision in accordance with the law. By following these principles, public opinion monitoring can take less detours [3].

At the same time to do ? Three can not be opposed? In public opinion monitoring activities, to grasp the orientation and position, can not reflect the will of the people and promote the party and the masses of flesh and blood relative to each other; can not expose the problems in the work of the party and the government to maintain a good image of the party and the government is relative to each other; can not be attacked by the society's crookedness is relative to the maintenance of social stability.

For example, in 2008, the south of China suffered rain, snow and ice disaster, although the people in the affected areas encountered power outages, water cuts and traffic jams and other difficulties, but the media reported a large number of tear-jerking, touching vivid manuscripts, not only objective reports on the difficulties of the disaster area, but also focuses on reports from the central leadership of the ordinary people, work together, **** with the fight, self-sacrifice for the country, selfless heroes! The heroic feat of self-sacrifice and selfless dedication. This is a great way to encourage the people of the country, to boost their spirits, to establish the prestige of the government, to reflect the sentiments of the people, and to effectively maintain social stability.

Not only that, but also pay attention to grasp the big picture. Public opinion monitoring in front of the big picture, especially to grasp the supervision of? degree? To adhere to the law, in accordance with the principle of carrying out, otherwise it may jeopardize the overall interests of the state and society. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once pointed out: ? We must make our Party's press the center of the nation's stability and unity of thought. The press, radio and television should make the promotion of stability and unity and the enhancement of the socialist consciousness of the youth their regular and basic tasks. It can be said that the promotion of stability and unity is an important responsibility of public opinion supervision, so in the national and social interests of public opinion supervision should be more careful.

Fourth, the correct play of the media's role in public opinion monitoring countermeasures

As the media, some blind pursuit? The media is not the only one, but it is the only one that can be used to monitor the public opinion. The inaccurate reports must not become its marketing tools, otherwise in the end, the greatest damage is still the news media rely on the survival of the? Credibility. The first step is to make sure that you have a good understanding of how to use the Internet and how to use the Internet in your business.

First of all, we must advocate the spirit of news professionalism, and strengthen the media's sense of social responsibility. public **** service? Belief, its most prominent feature, is the belief that the media can objectively report the facts of the news. It requires journalists to follow the principles of objectivity, truthfulness, independence, and freedom when engaging in news reporting. A lack of scientific responsibility and skepticism in their work can make the media less credible.

For example, in July 2005, a report with the headline "Formaldehyde should have been banned in the beer industry a long time ago" attracted widespread attention. The report began with a quote from a man known as ? Beer research workers? s letter, which pointed out that many breweries are now using the suspected carcinogen formaldehyde as a stabilizer in order to control costs, and said that this is the beer industry? the rule of the trade? The story also quotes Du Lujun, secretary-general of the beer branch of the China Brewing Industry Association, as saying: ? In terms of the percentage of production, 95% of domestic beer has formaldehyde added? [4]. Although Du Lujun immediately issued a statement after the incident pointing out that this interview report against her is a blackmail, but because the article has been quickly and widely reprinted in a short period of time, not only in the country has caused an uproar, but also attracted the attention of neighboring countries such as Korea and Japan.

Finally, after many investigations, Chinese beer has basically realized the mainstream of formaldehyde-free brewing, so the domestic beer 95% formaldehyde exceeds the standard is unfounded. It can be seen that the grasp of the public **** resources of the media only uphold the attitude of social responsibility, in order to put an end to the public **** interest in the name of speculation, the pursuit of sensationalism, the pursuit of commercial interests possible. Reporting on food safety incidents is a good opportunity for the media to shape their image and enhance their credibility, but the media can only win the respect of the community by reporting in the public interest and with rational and scientific journalistic professionalism.

Secondly, to strengthen the professional ethics of journalists, to eliminate malicious news speculation. Journalists should make every effort in their work to ensure that the news received by the public is absolutely correct. The interview process should be as far as possible to check the content of all sources, do not arbitrarily misinterpret the objective facts. If malicious speculation is practiced in the name of public opinion monitoring, it is a sign of lack of professional ethics. Malicious speculation on the news in addition to creating false news, fooling the audience, the worse thing is to weaken the news on the basis of survival and development. The reason why malicious speculation has aroused widespread public resentment is that this practice violates the principle of truthfulness of the news and deprives the news of its due dignity and basis of existence, not to mention the realization of the function and role of the news. Therefore, the media should bear in mind their own mission and social responsibility, improve their professional ethics, and fulfill the public's right to information in a factual manner, so as to correctly guide public opinion.

Once again, we need to cultivate the scientific literacy of journalists and advocate the scientific spirit of news reporting. Journalists in their daily work, involving science and technology, health, education and many other areas of reporting work, in order to convey more, more comprehensive, more scientific information to the public, it is necessary to continue to strengthen learning, with more professional knowledge, with a certain degree of scientific literacy. If, when reporting on specialized fields, journalists neither do desk work such as data collection nor consult experts in the relevant fields, it is easy to mislead readers with half-knowledge. Therefore, journalists must always bear in mind the mission, establish the spirit of science, seek truth from facts, consult experts in related fields, enhance the scientific and authoritative reports, to ensure that the content of the report is objective and true.

In addition, in the process of safeguarding the basic rights of citizens, the role of the media in monitoring public opinion should be maximized. Public opinion monitoring is an important part of the construction of socialist democracy. In the new historical period, to further safeguard and protect the public's right to know, the right to freedom of expression, the right to act on public opinion is an important element of the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law.

Public opinion monitoring is also an effective way to democratize and scientify decision-making. The public can be in the major decision-making before and after or during the implementation process, the decision-making for a wide range of comments and arguments, for government departments to provide a reliable public opinion and social situation reference, thus, for the development of policies and improve the contribution of power. This requires the news media to build a good information platform for the public's right to know. Should give full play to the rich information channels, action reflecting the sensitive advantage of the social environment information collection in a timely manner, at any time to find and grasp all aspects of valuable information, timely, objective, truthful and reliable to the general public, for their participation in politics, to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests to provide a guarantee. No matter when, public opinion monitoring will have a strong vitality only if it takes the needs of the people as the first choice and fully guarantees the basic rights of the people.

References:

[1] Liu Jiuzhou. Journalism theory foundation[J]. News Knowledge,2006(3).

[2] Xinhua Times Commentary. The lesson of the incident is worth learning y. The lessons of the incident are worth learning.

[3] Zhu Ying. The public opinion supervision and the operation of public **** power [M]. Shanghai:Fudan University Press,2011.

[4] Weekly Quality Control Report[R].2005-07-17

Communication Studies Essay Reference Sample Article 2

Analysis of the Communication of Media Literacy Education in China

Abstract : The theory of media quality education from the audience how to use the media and how the society to intervene in the use of the media by the audience of the research in the channel is highly developed. Information Society, the study of communication effects to the theme of globalization, from the audience's point of view, to cure the evil of mass communication, from the good of mass communication, so that the social significance of this academic research is much greater than the theoretical significance.

Keywords: media literacy education, communication studies, youth

First, focusing on the development of minors and the quality of education for college students

China Mainland scholars on the subject of media literacy education began at the end of the twentieth century, the beginning of the twenty-first century, in general, is still in the initial stage, mainly research and pilot run, in 2004, the Ministry of Education will be the media literacy subject In 2004, the Ministry of Education listed the topic of media literacy as a key bidding topic in the category of journalism and communication, and on December 12-13, 2004, the China Youth Social Education Forum 2004 Media and Minors' Development was held in Shanghai, which released the Research on Action Strategies for Minors' Media Literacy Education, focusing on the call for the development of media literacy education among minors and college students. The main points of view are distributed in the subject of education, the problems faced, the content of media education, the task of media education and how to carry out media literacy education:

1. The subject of education: China's media literacy education should firstly start from the institutions of higher education and set up independent courses, the core of which is to cultivate college students' ability to think independently and critically of the media information. The core of the education is to cultivate college students' ability to think independently and critically about media information. ①

2. Problems: China's media education is facing the problem of moving from the starting point of professional education to the platform of public *** education, which is not only the urgent task of promoting the quality education of young people, but also the rightful meaning of civic education in the information society. ②

3. The content of media education (for non-media people) is to study media information, research media, and learn to utilize media for their own development and progress. ③

4. Tasks: to create a discipline of media education, to explore and study the theoretical issues of media quality education; to seek national support to achieve high-quality scientific research results; to prepare high-quality teaching materials; and to accelerate the training of professionals.

Second, the media system changes? Industry Ecosystem

In 2003, there were more than 2,400 newspapers, more than 8,000 magazines, more than 1,500 radio stations and more than 1,000 television stations in mainland China. ④ The communication market in mainland China has changed from a seller's (transmitter's) market to a buyer's (audience's) market. Therefore, the choice of the audience is both the pressure of the media and the focus of media competition. The contingency of the audience's choice of media is directly proportional to the reward of media exposure and inversely proportional to the degree of effort. For the transmitter, the presentation of information, the degree of fast food, and the degree of accessibility are the qualities that determine whether a communication product can be popularized or not. Therefore, the traditional media (especially the television media as the most important) of the communication response tends to please the audience and commercialization; communication content of culture and knowledge tends to dilute and entertainment; media for the audience's needs, catering to less than the guide, resulting in the audience to meet the pleasure of reading and listening to a one-time consumption of information, rather than enriching the accumulation of their own culture and thought.

As the sociologist Rasfeld said: ? The mass media is a powerful tool that can serve both good and evil; and on the whole, if not properly controlled, it is more likely to serve evil? The wave of gentrification in the media industry is highly likely to result in a flattening of the knowledge structure of young people? flatten? , lazy thinking and thought obtuse and intellectual stupidity, short-sighted, no ambition, lack of awareness of the responsibility of others and society and disregard for the pain and itch of others and the central problem of social development - the attitude of life at large, values? The TV is in the clouds. s permissivization. Therefore, the interpretation of Gresham's Law within the media system has attracted the close attention of the academia and the industry.

In 2005, the three forces of media ("Media Influence", "Media Criticism", "Media Competitiveness") organized by the China News Research Center and edited by Wu Fei, analyzed the law of media competition in China's special national conditions from the level of academic research on the environment of the domestic media industry, the development trend of the international media, as well as the current pattern of media competition, etc.; the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television has issued the "Broadcasting Law" in succession, and the "Broadcasting Law" has been issued by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. The State Administration of Radio, Film and Television has successively issued the Regulations on the Licensing of Broadcasters and Hosts and formulated the Implementation Program for Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors in Radio, Film and Television in the hope that through the implementation of the "Construction Project? construction project? The program is expected to be implemented through the implementation of the "Construction Project" and the "Purification Project". Purification Project? The program is expected to be implemented through the implementation of the construction project, purification project, and protection project. protection project? and? Supervisory project? The government also emphasizes that the dress code of the hosts should fully take into account the aesthetic interests of the whole society, especially those of minors, and that they should not cater to low-grade tastes in order to pursue the so-called sensational effect, nor should they pursue the extreme personalized hosting style that does not conform to the aesthetic interests of the general audience, especially those of minors, and they should not cater to the novelty and abnormal mentality of a minority of audiences by exaggerating their words, deeds and expressions. Do not pursue an extremely personalized hosting style that is not in line with the aesthetic interests of the general audience, especially minors, and do not make exaggerated and grotesque remarks and expressions to cater to the curiosity of a few viewers. Government departments should clean up the industry's bad communication behaviors in terms of communication practices. China's media quality education is not only the communication academia, but also by the government departments concerned with the administrative power of the guarantee, its **** knowledge is the whole society.

Third, the interaction between the media and the audience? Audience ecosystem

According to the Shanghai Youth League Committee and the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences recently carried out in 3,000 minors in the "minors media needs survey" results show that for ? The media can appear sexual and violent content? The media can show wasteful and extravagant behavior and the behavior of big money? 48% of the minors agreed. ⑤ In January-February 2004, the author organized 135 journalism students from the 2002 class of the North China Institute of Science and Technology to use the winter vacation to interview 553 junior high school students, 581 high school students, and 580 college students originating from the above mentioned provinces in 102 junior high schools and 72 senior high schools in 12 provinces and cities, including Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Xinjiang, and so on, at random. 580 college students, on their media contact behavior, communication behavior, self-expression of the psychological needs of parents on the development of youth, and other issues, oral interviews and questionnaires will be carried out in the form of a survey.

The survey shows that the diversity of media provides young people with a rich variety of ways to learn about social life; in terms of learning resources, they have a personalized choice of media; also makes today's young people have more flexible conditions for independent learning, classroom teaching is the main channel of basic education education and teaching methods have become a thing of the past. In answer to the question? How do you acquire more useful knowledge?

It is worth noting that the information value of information may not always realize its use value. The information that young people choose and consume on their own may not be of high quality either. Due to the different preferences in choosing media and sources, the utilization rate of sources is directly proportional to their attractiveness for this audience. Among them, television still shows the momentum of a strong medium, and it is well known that the factors that lead young people to learn through the media, especially using television, are mainly the content of the learning content and the vividness of the content presentation, as well as the accessibility of the information.

The TV program preference survey shows that "News Investigation" tops the list of high school students' preference for news TV programs, followed by news, reflecting their desire to know and the requirement of psychological participation; preference for martial arts and romance TV dramas is higher than that of entertainment programs, reflecting that they have more emotional than recreational needs in consuming popular and popular types of TV culture, and nearly one-third of the high school students Nearly one-third of high school students appreciate heroes of the righteous and chivalrous type, and nearly one-third of high school students appreciate the lingering and faithful love.

When scoring Chinese TV, the directors of Chinese city TV stations rated the cultural performance and program quality of Chinese TV lower than the development of TV and TV channels. The cultural performance and program quality of television directly affects the social system, and often manifests itself as a matter of morality or even value orientation. Television is a way of presenting the materialistic and utilitarian aspects of social life as a typical and beautiful thing. Deify? The television shows people without any reservation.

At the same time, television also spreads alive to the public the lack of ethical norms and the consequent serious disorganization of moral concepts that is taking place in real life, so that adolescents who have never had this social experience also undergo it? ⑥ Polluting the cultural space for the early socialization of adolescents. Orientation in life, aesthetic conversion, spiritual dependence, qualities of being a citizen, and reasoning as a human being, etc., are seldom injected into the adolescent psyche with the cultural genes for healthy growth in the blueprint of life that is illuminated by television culture. For how to mark and realize their ambitions, the media undoubtedly becomes the shaper of their life goals and behaviors. Therefore, anxiety about the growth and future of young people is also an important motivation for media quality education in China.

In the information society, both the audience and the state have a problem of selection, which makes China's media quality education have to consider the cultivation of the audience's ability to think, psychological tolerance and resistance to misinformation, especially the youth.

Due to the different communication systems and national conditions, China's media quality education is expected to be at the forefront of the world's communication research and media quality education in terms of academic research and social practice, compared to the United States, where the theory of media quality education has been put forward first.

Notes:

Tian Weiyi: "On Media Quality Education for College Students" [J], Modern Communication, 2004, No. 6.

Zang Haiqun: "Media Literacy: The Top Priority of Quality Education for Youth" [J], China Youth Political Science Institute, 2003/11.22, Vol. 6.

Yang Guanghui: "Into the media? How to carry out media education Media literacy Cai Guofen".

Zheng defense Contemporary news theory [M], Beijing: Xinhua Publishing House, 2003, p180].

Liu Xin: Television Reconstruction Theory [ M.], Beijing, China Radio and Television Press. 1990. 95.