Chapter 60 Building a Socialist Market Economy with China Characteristics

199210 The 14th National Congress of June determined that the goal of China's economic system reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. 1993165438+10 The Third Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee adopted the Decision of the Central Committee on Several Issues Concerning the Establishment of the Socialist Market Economic System. 65438+February 15, the State Council made a decision on implementing a tax-sharing financial management system. On February 25th, 65438, the State Council made the Decision on Financial System Reform. 1994 65438+ 10/01the State Council made the decision on further deepening the reform of foreign trade system, and put forward that the objectives of China's foreign trade system reform are: unified policy, open management, equal competition, self-financing, integration of industry and trade, implementation of agency system, and establishment of a system that adapts to the prevailing rules of the international economy. On July 18, 2008, the State Council made the Decision on Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System, which clarified the basic contents of the reform of urban housing system, including changing the distribution mode of housing benefits in kind to the monetary wage distribution mode based on distribution according to work, and establishing a housing provident fund system. The promulgation of the "Decision" has opened the door to the commercialization of urban housing and marked the establishment of a comprehensive housing market-oriented reform in China. Its greatest significance lies in steadily promoting the sale of public housing, and gradually completing the process of housing privatization in China by selling the original public housing to urban workers. 1September, 1995, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee adopted the "Proposal of the Central Committee on Formulating the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Target of 20 10", and pointed out that the key to realizing the Ninth Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Target of 20 10 is to implement two fundamental changes with overall significance, one is economy. 1996 16 In February, China began to accept Article 8 of the Agreement of the International Monetary Fund and implemented the convertibility of RMB under the current account.

1The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in September 1997 systematically and completely put forward and expounded the Party's basic program in the primary stage of socialism: building a socialist economy with China characteristics means developing a market economy under socialist conditions and constantly liberating and developing productive forces; To build Socialism with Chinese characteristics's politics is to govern the country according to law and develop socialist democratic politics under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and on the basis that the people are the masters of the country. The construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is to develop a national, scientific and popular socialist culture facing modernization, the world and the future, with Marxism as the guide and cultivating citizens with ideals, morality, culture and discipline as the goal. The meeting put Deng Xiaoping Theory as the party's guiding ideology in party constitution. 1On July 3, 1998, the State Council issued the Notice of the State Council on Further Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction, which abolished the housing distribution system in kind and established the dominant position of commercial housing in the market. The second session of the Ninth National People's Congress was held in Beijing in March. The meeting adopted an amendment to the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), which made it clear that the non-public economy is an important part of China's socialist market economy and greatly promoted the development of social productive forces. On March 22nd, "Several Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Development of the Western Region" put forward ten opinions on further promoting the development of the western region.

200 1 11October11The Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) held in Doha, Qatar, adopted the legal documents on China's accession to the WTO, which marked the efforts of 15 years. It marks that China has entered a new stage of opening up.

The The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in mid-October, 2002 announced the initial establishment of the socialist market economic system in China. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the idea of building a well-off society in an all-round way, that is, in the first 20 years of 2 1 century, we should concentrate on building a well-off society at a higher level that will benefit more than one billion people, so as to make the economy more developed, democracy more sound, science and education more advanced, culture more prosperous, society more harmonious and people's lives more affluent. The meeting put Theory of Three Represents as the party's guiding ideology in party constitution. In September 2003, the executive meeting of the State Council studied and implemented the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, and put forward the guiding ideology, principles, tasks and policy measures for revitalizing Northeast China. On March 14, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress deliberated and adopted the fourth amendment to the Constitution, which included the contents of "citizens' lawful private property is inviolable" and "the state respects and guarantees human rights" in the Constitution. It adapts to the objective needs of protecting private property, expands the scope of protection of private property and further improves the protection system of private property. Strengthening the protection of citizens' legitimate private property is conducive to upholding and improving the basic economic system and promoting the development of the non-public economy; It is conducive to ensuring the realization of citizens' rights and promoting the rule of law; It is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of the broad masses of the people and building a well-off society in an all-round way. China Bank Co., Ltd. and China Construction Bank Co., Ltd. were established on August 26th and September 26th, 2/kloc-0 respectively. Two wholly state-owned commercial banks were transformed into state-controlled joint-stock commercial banks as a whole. On April 29th, 2005, the China Securities Regulatory Commission issued the Notice on Issues Related to the Pilot Reform of Non-tradable Shares of Listed Companies, announcing the start of the pilot reform of non-tradable shares. 1June 1 1 day, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee adopted the "Proposal of the Central Committee on Formulating the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development", which clarified the goal and action plan for China's economic and social development in the next five years, put forward the major historical task of building a new socialist countryside, and pointed out that the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers should be done well at present and in the future. On February 29th, 65438, the 19th meeting of the 10th the NPC Standing Committee adopted a decision on abolishing the Agricultural Tax Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC). The agricultural tax regulations that have been implemented in New China for nearly 50 years have been abolished according to law, and a tax that has lasted for more than 2,000 years in China has come to an end, truly realizing the "tax exemption for all fields" in agriculture in the industrial age. On June 5438+ 10, 2006, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee adopted the Decision of the Central Committee on Several Major Issues in Building a Harmonious Socialist Society. For the first time, it is clearly put forward that "improving the ability to build a harmonious socialist society" is an important aspect of the party's ruling ability. The Property Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) was passed by the Fifth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress on March 16, 2007, and came into force on March 10/day, 2007.

Socialism with Chinese characteristics's market economy is a basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together. Build a unified, open, competitive and orderly modern market system; Establish macro-control system, administrative management system, income distribution system, social security system and economic and legal system to promote sustainable economic and social development. Market economy achieves efficiency and government regulation achieves fairness, which is the most distinctive feature of China. The socialist market economy has greatly liberated and developed productive forces, achieved sustained and rapid economic growth, and significantly improved people's living standards. The following table shows the data of China's GDP indicators (GDP unit is 100 million yuan) from 1992 to 2007:

Annual GDP? Growth% primary industry growth% secondary industry growth% tertiary industry growth%

2007 265,8 10 14.2 28,627 3.7 125,83 1 15. 1 1 1 1,352 16.0

2006 2 16,3 14 12.7 24,040 5.0 103,720 13.4 88,555 14. 1

2005 184,937 1 1.3 22,420 5.2 87,598 12. 1 74,9 19 12.2

2004 159,878 10. 1 2 1,4 13 6.3 73,904 1 1. 1 64,56 1 10. 1

2003 135,823 10.0 17,382 2.5 62,436 12.7 56,005 9.5

2002 120,333 9. 1 16,537 2.9 53,897 9.8 49,899 10.4

200 1 109,655 8.3 15,78 1 2.8 49,5 12 8.4 44,362 10.3

2000 99,2 15 8.4 14,945 2.4 45,556 9.4 38,7 14 9.7

1999 89,677 7.6 14,770 2.8 4 1,034 8. 1 33,873 9.3

1998 84,402 7.8 14,8 18 3.5 39,004 8.9 30,580 8.4

1997 78,973 9.3 14,442 3.5 37,543 10.5 26,988 10.7

1996 7 1, 177 10.0 14,0 15 5. 1 33,835 12. 1 23,326 9.4

1995 60,794 10.9 12, 136 5.0 28,679 13.9 19,978 9.8

1994 48, 198 13. 1 9,573 4.0 22,445 18.4 16, 180 1 1. 1

1993 35,334 14.0 6,964 4.7 16,454 19.9 1 1,9 16 12.2

1992 26,923 14.2 5,867 4.7 1 1,700 2 1.2 9,357 12.4

This is a period of rapid development for sixteen years. In 2007, China's GDP (US$ 3,550.3 billion) ranked third in the world, accounting for 6. 12% of the world's GDP. After 200 1 China's entry into WTO, China began to experience similar sudden changes in productivity. Relying on the troika of export, investment and consumption, China has become a global manufacturing power. Since 200 1, most of the world's top 500 enterprises have entered China, which is a rare opportunity for technology diffusion. The "Made in China" revolution, with the east wind of foreign capital, has formed a world-class manufacturing center in Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, ranking first in the world in more than 100 manufacturing fields, and the OEM of "Made in China" has filled the shelves all over the world. The "Made in China" revolution pushed China's economy to a new "cosmic speed". 192 China's total foreign exchange reserves were only194 billion US dollars, compared with165.6 billion US dollars in 2000. At the end of February, 2006, Chinese mainland's foreign exchange reserves totaled US$ 853.7 billion (excluding Hong Kong and Macao), surpassing Japan for the first time and ranking first in the world. In 2007, the total foreign exchange reserves exceeded $65,438 +0.5 trillion.