Urgent! Kneeling request! Title: China's automobile exhaust emission control status and countermeasures of the paper!

April 27 this year, the State Environmental Protection Administration announced the equivalent of Euro Ⅲ and Euro Ⅳ standards for automobile tailpipe emissions China standards. China Ⅲ standard tailpipe pollutant emission limits than China's current implementation of the Ⅱ stage of the standard tailpipe pollutant emission limits reduced by 30%, and will be July 1, 2007 onwards in the whole country began to implement, Beijing will be implemented in advance this year.

According to Luo Yi, deputy director of the Science and Technology Department of the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), SEPA initiated the development of a Chinese standard equivalent to the Euro III standard as early as 2001. According to Prof. Fu Lixin, director of the Institute of Pollution Control at Tsinghua University, who was involved in the development of the standard, the vast majority of Beijing's draft local standards refer to Europe's Euro III standards, with requirements such as OBD and cold start being retained.

At present, the world's automobile emission standards stand side by side, divided into European, American and Japanese standard systems. The European standard test requirements are relatively broad, is the majority of developing countries follow the automobile exhaust emissions system. And, because most of China's car models from Europe to introduce production technology, China largely adopted the European standard system.

China Automotive Technology Information Institute expert Li Jingsheng that China has its own national conditions, the implementation of emission standards in the context of different from Europe, which is most directly related to the urban-rural differences, so China should have its own standards. China's motor vehicle pollutant emission standards in the pollutant emission limits are generally equivalent to the EU emission standards, so the country also follows a similar name, but there are still some technical differences between the two. China's development of "light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limits and measurement methods (Ⅰ)" is equivalent to "Euro I" standards; "light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limits and measurement methods (Ⅱ)" is equivalent to "Euro II" standards. Euro Ⅲ is a step up from the Euro Ⅱ standard, the experts made a graphic analogy: 7 cars implementing the Euro Ⅱ standard is equivalent to the pollutant emissions of a carburetor car; 14 cars implementing the Euro Ⅲ standard is equivalent to the pollutant emissions of a carburetor car. According to the light vehicle Ⅲ standard, family cars and light vehicles will be based on the original carbon monoxide emissions will be reduced by 30%, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides are reduced by 40%.

Road condition oil will affect the accuracy of OBD .

In order to ensure that vehicles in the use of the process of stability to meet the emission limits, in the implementation of the new standards, a named on-board diagnostic system (OBD) to be added to the car, the OBD system will be based on the engine's operating conditions at any time to monitor the car emissions whether or not to exceed the standard, exceeding the standard that is to send out a warning. However, the implementation of this OBD system reflects a great deal of Chinese characteristics. According to the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), on July 1, 2007, all new cars produced and sold nationwide must comply with this standard, and the implementation of the OBD system will be delayed by one year.

According to Fang Maodong, chief expert of the China Automotive Technology Research Center (CATRC), the biggest change in the Euro III emission standard is that vehicles must be fitted with the core component OBD, or on-board self-diagnostic system, before they leave the factory, compared with Euro II. The system is characterized by an increase in the number of detection points, more detection systems, in the three-way catalytic converter of the import and export of oxygen sensors. Completely through real-time monitoring of vehicle emissions to control compliance, can be more to ensure the implementation of the Euro III emission standards.

It is understood that some of the domestic brands of cars now have the conditions to meet the Euro III emission standards. However, experts also pointed out that the current ability to achieve the Euro Ⅲ emission standards of the engine, just emissions compared to the Euro Ⅱ has improved. For the national standard Ⅲ, because these vehicles are not installed before the factory OBD system, so it can not be said that in the full sense of the Euro Ⅲ emission standards. At the same time, the OBD system can not be added after the vehicle factory after the transformation, so even if you buy those who already have the conditions to meet the Euro Ⅲ emission standards, in the future will not be regarded as already in line with China's new emission standards.

The small OBD has become the focus of debate between automakers and environmental authorities, and may be the most difficult problem to solve for Euro III emission standards. Many manufacturers believe that the key is the problem of oil, if the oil quality is constantly repeated, will inevitably lead to emission standards are not required, while the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau that the retrofitting of OBD automatic diagnostic system is the most urgent task. Feng Yuqiao, director of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau's Atmospheric Division, said he would try to synchronize the implementation of the Euro III standard with the OBD system.

Some manufacturers believe that there is a gap between Beijing's road conditions and foreign countries, the city's traffic jams are serious, and the quality of oil is not good enough, so if the OBD system is installed, it will lead to frequent false alarms, which will make consumers doubt the quality of the vehicle itself; in addition, the after-sales OBD system, maintenance and training requires a period of time is not short, and can not be synchronized with the implementation of the Euro III standard is also a problem, and all these are These are all branding issues that affect the life and death of enterprises. In addition, since OBD is used as a recall program in Europe and the United States, whether or not to install OBD will determine the future cost of the recall.

Two major companies are speeding up the development of new oil products

Industry insiders point out that the quality of oil for the effect of automobile emissions is quite obvious. Vehicles in the use of the process, if the car oil does not match, will cause damage to the car due to oil. If the corresponding low-quality fuel is used, the emissions will also fail to meet the new standard requirements. In order for vehicles to meet the more stringent exhaust emission standards, not only do automobile manufacturers need to improve vehicle production technology, but also oil suppliers need to improve the quality of the corresponding fuel. According to the Beijing Local Standard for Motor Gasoline issued last year, from July 1 this year, gasoline that meets the Euro III standard will be on the market in Beijing, and gasoline below that standard will not be allowed to be added. Tang Dagang, director of the Motor Vehicle Emission Monitoring Center of the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), said that the provision of fuel products of stable quality in the national market is a prerequisite for the implementation of higher emission standards. If the content of sulfur, manganese, iron and other impurities in gasoline is too high, it may damage the three-way catalytic converter and oxygen sensor, reducing the catalytic effect on pollutants; if the gasoline saturated vapor pressure is high, it will also bring volatile pollution. The development of new oil standards reflects the interests of car manufacturers and oil companies. From a technical point of view, oil companies have the ability to produce Euro III standard fuel, but the standard delay makes the oil companies have the best excuse to sit back and watch; for car manufacturers, "can not drink the good oil" has also become a good excuse for the automobile emissions do not come down, a joint-venture automobile manufacturers responsible for telling reporters, their A joint-venture car manufacturer told reporters that their products abroad to meet the strict emission standards of Europe Ⅲ, in order to adapt to the unstable domestic oil quality, had to lower their own standards, the partial use of past technology through the current Europe Ⅱ emission standards on the line. In this regard, Director Tang Dagang explained that: the same is the standard of Europe Ⅲ, oil quality is high, for the car's own pollution control ability of the requirements of the low; oil quality is poor, for the car's own pollution control ability of the requirements of the high. In front of the enterprise's most important benefit, improve oil quality and improve the car's ability to control pollution need to invest in research and development funds and increase production costs, car manufacturers and oil companies in this issue in fact, as early as the implementation of the Euro I standard in China has begun.

In fact, many automobile and oil companies are skeptical for another reason, that is, because Beijing's third stage of oil quality standards is a completely local standard, they are worried about whether this standard can get strong support from the relevant departments and implement it on a national scale. An automobile company boss pointed out that China's oil quality is geographically different, Beijing and other big cities, fuel quality is certainly better than small and medium-sized cities and villages, the impact of oil quality on the Euro III standard can not be ignored.

Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau of Motor Vehicle Exhaust Emission Management Center Chief Engineer Li Kunsheng said, "to meet the new emission standards, only Sinopec Beijing Yanshan Branch has invested 500 million or 600 million yuan to carry out transformation. And as of now, the increased costs have to be absorbed internally by the enterprises. Therefore, in the determination of each indicator, it has gone through a difficult process of coordination and argumentation." In the choice of oil, in line with the Euro Ⅲ emissions need to use clean gasoline, and high grade gasoline is not clean gasoline, which needs to rely on the improvement of refinery technology and blending methods, the use of unclean gasoline will result in premature failure of the three-way catalytic converter, automobile emissions exceeded the standard. Up to now, only 98 gasoline on the market in Beijing, the emission level of the Euro III standard, this oil is not only high price, and only in a few gas stations supply.