From which aspects of the history of Guangzhou

Guangzhou has been the political, economic and cultural center of Guangdong and even Lingnan region since ancient times. In various cultural fields such as architecture, art, religion, theater, music, literature, painting, crafts, food, gardens, customs, etc., it shows a long historical origin and distinctive personality everywhere.

1, literature

Eastern Han Dynasty, Guangzhou Han Zhilang scholars Yang Fu wrote China's first regional monograph "foreign objects," is the earliest scholars in Guangdong book.

During the Song Dynasty, the Pearl River Delta became the center of Lingnan literature, and Guangzhou's Cui and Zhi and Li Pleiying were nationally influential figures, with Cui and Zhi being the first to write Lingnan Song lyrics.

In the Ming Dynasty, the literati societies represented by the Five Sons of the South Garden and the Five Sons of the South Garden Poetry Society were prevalent in Guangzhou, and the representative figures were Sun Shihan, Huang Zhe, Ou Da Ren, Liang Youyu, Li Minmu, Wu Dan, Li Shixing, Kwong Lu, Chen Zizhuang, and Lai Sui-kou, etc. In the Qing Dynasty, the Pearl River Delta became the center of Lingnan literature, and Cui Yuzhi and Li Pleiying were figures with national influences.

During the Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou saw the emergence of a group of poets represented by the "Three Great Poets of Lingnan" and the "Seven Sons of Lingnan," including Qu Dajun, Chen Gongyin, Liang Peilan, Cheng Kezhi, Wang Bangji, Fang Dianyuan, Fang Yuanyuan, Fang Chao, Zhang Weiping, Liang Dingfen, and so on, making the poetry scene in Lingnan different from that in the Central Plains. The Lingnan Poetry World was a triad with the poetry worlds of the Central Plains, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The poems of the "Three Great Poets of Lingnan" enjoyed a high reputation in the poetry world of the Qing Dynasty, and also occupied an important position in the history of Chinese literature.

2, painting

Lingnan painting from the Ming and Qing dynasties, there is a large development, many talented people, Guangzhou, Lin Liang, Yan Zong, He Hao, Zhang Yu, Lijian, Xie Lansheng, Luo Tianchi, Jiuzhao, Jurien, Su Liupeng, Chen Pu and so on.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Lingnan School of Painting emerged in Guangdong, whose founders, Gao Jianfu, Gao Qifeng and Chen Shuren, were all from Panyu. On the basis of Chinese painting, they integrated Eastern and Western painting methods and created their own style, focusing on sketching, with no stereotypical style, brushwork and ink, bright colors, and many scholars, making it one of the three major schools of painting that dominated the Chinese painting scene in the 20th century, along with Beijing-Tianjin and Haikou schools.

Representative figures include Gao Jianfu, Gao Qifeng, Chen Shuren, Guan Shanyue, Zhao Shao'ang, Lai Xiongcai, Yang Shanshen, Lu Chuanyuan, He Xiangning, Fang Rending, Wu Jialing, Huang Dufeng, Situ Qi, He Lei, Liguemin, Huang Miaowu, Huang Shaoqiang, Chen Ningshen and so on. In addition Tongcao painting is a painting art that originated in Guangzhou in the 19th century.?

3. Craftsmanship

"Three Carvings, One Color and One Embroidery" is the main representative of traditional arts and crafts in Guangzhou, i.e., Guangzhou Ivory Carving, Guangzhou Jade Carving, Guangzhou Wood Carving, Guangzhou Color and Guangzhou Embroidery.

Guangzhou carvings also include Guangzhou marquise carvings, stone carvings, brick carvings, bone carvings, shell carvings and so on. Since the Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou craftsmen, according to the requirements of Western customers, choose a variety of valuable materials, fine carving, forming a novel, vivid and realistic, delicate and exquisite carvings of the Canton works of art, and even become the court tribute, the National Palace Museum have collections, representative of Chen Zuzhang, Weng Zhaoshan, Weng Rongbiao, Li Tingning and so on.

Guangcai is a glazed porcelain craft unique to Guangzhou, with a history of more than 300 years. As an export porcelain, Guangcai in the Qing Dynasty enjoys a high international reputation, "the world official kiln", many countries in Europe, the royal family with porcelain are Guangcai porcelain products.

Guangzhou embroidery is one of China's four famous embroidery, has a history of more than a thousand years, the Tang Dynasty to become a tribute to the court, to the middle of the Ming Dynasty has been famous overseas, in the 18th century, popular with the British Royal Family and the upper class, Britain, France, Germany and the United States have a collection of museums, the National Palace Museum also has a number of collections of Guangzhou embroidery of the best works.

4, garden

In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Guangzhou, Haizhu District, Xiguan area had emerged from the thirteen lines of merchants built by the magnificent scale, elegant and gorgeous private gardens, including the Pan Family Garden, Wu Family Garden, Hai Shan Xiankan, including a number of famous gardens, known as the "merchants garden". They are not only the pinnacle of Lingnan gardens, but also triggered the Qing Dynasty European countries to imitate the "Chinese" gardens.

The surviving classical Lingnan gardens of the Qing Dynasty in Guangzhou include the Yuyin Mountain House, one of the four major gardens of Lingnan.

5, folk

Guangzhou Spring Flower Market in the Southern Han Dynasty, to the middle of the 19th century, the Flower Market routinely scheduled to be held a few days before New Year's Eve, the flowers and trees flooded into the city, the ten-mile-long street, the public accompanied by the "row of flowers," a lively, more and more prosperous, and the development of the Pearl River Delta, many cities have this custom.

Guangzhou folklore also includes the floating color, waking lions, dragon lions, ao fish dance, Huangge unicorn dance, Shiqiao water color, fish lanterns, begging for money, phoenix dance, the eight gongs and drums, the wooden fish book, dragon boat, Beidi Festival, lettuce will be, Polo Festival, Zhengxian Festival, Golden Flower Festival, the birthday of the Hexian Nun, etc.

This is the first time that Guangzhou folklore is celebrated in the city of Guangzhou.

Expanded Information:

Guangzhou, abbreviated as "Spi

Guangzhou is a national historical and cultural city, and has been the seat of the county, state and prefecture governments since the Qin Dynasty, and the political, military, economic, cultural and scientific and educational center of South China.

Guangzhou is the radiating center of Guangfu culture, and has been the main port of the Maritime Silk Road since the third century A.D. It became the largest port in China during the Tang and Song dynasties, and is a world-famous oriental port and city, and was the only major foreign trade port in China during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is the only major port in the world that has been in perpetuity for more than 2,000 years.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Guangzhou City