Traditional National Costumes Throughout the Ages

China is an ancient country with a profound cultural heritage, and the Han people, the main ethnic group, have created countless splendid civilizations. Clothing and dress as a form of cultural expression, but also focuses on the aesthetics and values of the Han people.

The concept of Hanfu

Hanfu is the short form of Han clothing: it mainly refers to the Han clothing formed before the end of the Ming Dynasty in the process of natural cultural development and ethnic integration.

Hanbok as an independent dress system, in the historical inheritance and development, formed a unique cultural background and national appearance, that has formed a distinctive style characteristics, and clearly different from other nationalities in China, and the world of any one nation's traditional clothing, but also with the modern dress in the style of the qualitatively different.

The Han costume is profound. Because of its long history, wide range of applications, and in the continuous innovation and integration of development and evolution, making it difficult to grasp the lesser study of Chinese dress, and as a large dress system, can not be defined only by the appearance and simple system to define the Han Chinese dress, but should be defined by its dominant style as the standard.

So the definition standard of Hanfu can be expressed in the following words: "Dating back to Yanhuang, down to Songming, Han (pre-Qin period for the Huaxia) people wore clothing based on the natural development and evolution of the basis of the formation of a series of dresses with a distinctive style of the collection."

The definition of hanfu, the traditional dress of the Han Chinese people, is based on the following three considerations:

First, the ethnicity of hanfu, i.e., hanfu is the dress of the Han Chinese people. And the costumes worn by the Hu people in ancient China cannot be called Hanfu. Ethnicity is a whole concept, so the costume of the Hu people worn by a Han person cannot be called the traditional costume of the Han people either.

Secondly: the traditional nature of the development of Hanfu, and the tradition must be divided into two aspects, namely, inheritance and unity. The inheritance of Hanbok is manifested in the fact that the origin of Hanbok can be traced back to the period of the Yellow Emperor in ancient China, and has been retaining the style of inheritance and continuous development and evolution. The unity of Hanfu is shown in the period from the Yellow Emperor to the Song and Ming Dynasties, in the vast land of China, in the time span of nearly 5,000 years, and millions of square kilometers of spatial breadth, all the Han Chinese clothing in the mainstream of its own **** the same characteristics. That is, right-over-obeisance, large sleeves, and deep clothes are typical.

Third: the naturalness of the development of Chinese clothing, that is, non-external force under the compulsion of the Han people consciously and voluntarily, usually not easy for people to notice the development of the nature of the development of the general things or cultural development of the conventional law. The naturalness of the development of Chinese clothing, but also the basis of the inheritance of the traditional clothing of a nation, that is, a thing or culture, in its own normal trajectory of development under the direction of the evolution of the legitimate development. Its direction can be traced forward to its source through the general law, but also can be predicted backward to its direction of development.

Defined in this way, China's ancient times, in addition to the Qing dress, as long as the Han people before the end of the Ming Dynasty, regardless of the style, region, fusion, differentiation, development, can be called hanbok, and the modern ancient costume, in addition to the Qing costume, although there are some differences with the ancient times, but also in accordance with the traditional style of the reasonable restructuring, so it can also be called hanbok. Hanfu, with the naked eye is very easy to distinguish it from the traditional clothing of other peoples (including Manchu, foreign clothing, modern clothing), and now this Hanfu, and more known as "ancient clothing (in addition to the Qing costume)".

The dress of the Qing Dynasty, tracing backward, from the Manchu dress, backward observation, but also non-Han tradition. So although the Han people wear, but does not meet the Han traditional dress "traditional" elements, so can not be classified into the Han clothing category; and today the Han people wear clothing, its source is mainly from the West, "Tang" coats, cheongsams, etc., mainly (to distinguish between the main) The source from the traditional clothing of the Manchu, so can not be called: Han's "traditional clothing". That is to say, to distinguish between the clothing worn by a Han Chinese and the traditional clothing of the Han Chinese nation as a whole.

Origin of the Han Clothes

Because we are a prudent people, we have retained the original choice of our ancestors as a whole, although the Shang and Zhou dynasties did have styles closer to the lapel....... This is the origin of the cross-necked right obeisance. As for long and wide sleeves, it may have been a custom that arose in the upper class after wealth accumulation, but because Confucius valued large sleeves (sewing tucked in clothes) back then so it became a necessary element and prominent feature of scholarly adornment (and, of course, a reflection of our concept of life).

About 5,000 years ago, China in the Neolithic period of the Yangshao culture, people's lives are becoming more and more stable, the production of primitive agriculture and textile industry, began to weave linen to make clothes, and then invented the sericulture and silk spinning, the people's clothing and costumes are becoming more and more complete. With the development of productive forces and social division of labor, the disintegration of the primitive society, the development of human society appeared a qualitative change in the process of transition from a classless society to a class society. From then on, the clothes and costumes have become the ruling class "show name, identify equal prestige" tool. The appearance of the crown in the age of the Yellow Emperor marked the difference in rank. Beginning of the distinction between noble * embroidery, inferiority and superiority of noble *, respectively, the dress system gradually formed.

The basic characteristics of Han Chinese clothing

Men's style:

"Huang Di hanging clothes and the rule of the world" down the big lapel right over the cross-collar wide robes and big-sleeved BoYiDaZi kind (Qin and Han clothing as a representative of the continuation of the Xia, Shang, Zhou (Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period), Qin, Han, the Three Kingdoms, North and South China, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Mongol and Yuan Dynasties, and the Chinese Civil War. It has continued through the Xia, Shang, Zhou (Spring and Autumn Period), Qin, Han, Three Kingdoms, Two Jin Dynasties, North and South Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Mongol Yuan, Ming, and has influenced Japan and Korea. This is the case with the most common style of Japanese kimono.

The polo shirt (worn by Emperor Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty), which became popular in the Sui and Tang dynasties, continued to be worn in the Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Mongol Yuan, and Ming dynasties, and influenced Japan and Korea. It was worn by Emperor Taejo of Song and Emperor Taejo of Ming. To this day, the Emperor of Japan wears a variant of this type of Hanbok on certain occasions.

Women's clothing is relatively more varied, but there are only two basic styles

This type of clothing has a large lapel with a right overlay and a cross-necked collar (also represented by the Qin and Han costumes).

Sui-Tang rise of the big lapel low-cut this, with the Qin-Han deep clothes is different from the dress is divided into the upper garment under the clothes, no longer like the deep clothes as clothes together. These two types of women's clothing styles on the Song and Ming Dynasties, as well as Japan and Korea's national dress (women's clothing) is very influential. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, Han Chinese women also wore narrow-sleeved, tight-fitting, lapeled huqi, but those huqi were basically worn as fashionable clothing (or for curiosity's sake) and were not the traditional Han Chinese national dress. During the Song and Ming dynasties, Han women also wore some other styles, but their influence was not widespread.

As you can see, the Qin, Han, Tang, Song and Ming costumes were different in some places, but the main part was the same. Western Han's deep clothes and the basic style of the Ming Han dress is the same, only in the minutiae of the different. *** sex is the big lapel right overlapping collar wide robe and big sleeves BoYi wrapping belt. In fact, like the big lapel right over lapel wide robe big sleeves BoYi wrapped kind of hanbok in the Tang Dynasty period Han people still wear, but in the north centered on Chang'an to round neck mainly, and in the WuYue region is both, Song and Ming similar. The Japanese kimono was introduced during the Hida Nara period (Tang Dynasty period in China) and developed into the Japanese kimono of today.

What is the style of Han Chinese clothing? If we compare the Han Chinese with the European peoples, we find that the two are distinctly different in many ways. For thousands of years, the general style of Han Chinese clothing has been mainly plain and simple. Ancient Han robes can best reflect this style, the main feature of this robe is a wide robe with big sleeves, commendable clothing, although the shape is simple, but once worn to the body of people will be the same as each person, different looks, plasticity is very strong. Although we now can not see the prototype of this kind of clothing, but we can still be left from the Han Dynasty silk paintings and Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasty in some of the character paintings in the glimpse of one of its appearance one of the two - the shape of a simple Han coat attached to different physical characters suddenly have a kind of vivid vitality, the lines of the soft and smooth, people The lines are soft and smooth, which makes people think of it. The simple and easy attire adds a natural charm to them. Robe fully embodies the Han nationality soft and quiet and elegant, elegant and carefree national character, as well as plain and natural, subtle and euphemistic, elegant and fresh aesthetic taste.

The development of the Han Dynasty

Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period (men's clothing): the clothing system is generally inherited from the Shang Dynasty, with slight changes. The style of clothes was slightly looser than that of the Shang Dynasty. There were two styles of sleeves, large and small, and the collar was a generic rectangular collar. The clothes of this period did not have twisted buttons, generally tied at the waist, and some of them had jade ornaments hanging on the belt. At that time, there are two main types of belts: one made of silk fabric, called "big belt" or "Squire belt". Another belt made of leather, called "leather belt". The women's dress was a gown with a train. Compared with other garments, in addition to the characteristics of the top and bottom of the garment, there is also a distinct difference called "overlapping and hooked edge". The "obeisance" is the lapel. "Continuing obeisance" is to connect the lapel long. The "hooked edge" describes the style of the lapel. It changed the past clothing in the hem slit cutting method, the left lapel of the front and back piece of sewing, and the back piece of the lapel lengthening, lengthening the lapel to form a triangle, wear around to the back, and then tied with a belt.

Qin Dynasty clothing: Qin is still black, so the standard color of Qin clothing is black. But the style is still big lapel right overlapping collar. It was basically inherited from the Warring States period. Women's clothing is a deep train, the Qin and Han period, a deep train not only men can wear, but also women's clothing in the most common type of clothing, this clothing through the body of the tight and narrow, long trailing the ground, the hem is generally flared, the line does not show feet. The sleeves are wide and narrow, and most of the cuffs are hemmed. The collar part is very distinctive, usually with a cross collar, the neckline is very low, so as to reveal the inner garment. If you wear several pieces of clothing, each layer of the collar must be exposed to the outside, the most up to three or more layers, known as the "triple clothes".

Western Han clothing Han Dynasty men's train deep clothes. The clothing style of men in the Han Dynasty was roughly divided into two kinds of train and straight train. The curved train, that is, the deep clothes that were popular during the Warring States period. It was still used in the Han Dynasty, but was mostly seen in the early Western Han Dynasty. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, men wearing deep clothes were already rare, usually with a straight train, but not as a formal dress. The Han Dynasty train was not only worn by men, but also the most common type of women's clothing, the image of which is reflected in many sources. In addition, the Han Dynasty narrow-sleeved tightly wound lapel deep coat. Clothes after several turns, around to the hips, and then tied with a silk belt, the clothes are also painted with beautiful and gorgeous patterns. The straight train of the Han Dynasty was worn by both men and women. This kind of clothing as early as the Western Han Dynasty has appeared, but can not be used as a formal dress. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, the straight train was gradually popularized and replaced the deep coat.

Wei-Jin-North-South Dynasty Costume : Men's clothing has the characteristics of the era, generally wearing a large-sleeved fluttering shirt. Until the period of the Southern Dynasties, this kind of shirt is still loved by men of all classes, and it became the fashion of the moment. Women's clothing in the Wei and Jin Dynasties inherited the legacy of the Qin and Han Dynasty, and absorbed the characteristics of minority dress, improved on the basis of tradition, generally wearing a shirt, jacket, 襦, wearing a skirt, style more than on the frugal under the abundant, part of the body of the clothes tightly fitted, fat cuffs, skirts for the multi-folded tucked skirts, skirts, skirt length trailing the ground, the hemline of the loose, so as to achieve the effect of handsome and dashing.

Tang Dynasty dress: another style of Han men's clothing ----- round neck narrow (wide) sleeve robe shirt. The turban on the head, also known as the burden head, is a kind of first dress formed on the basis of the Han Wei Banner Turban. After the Tang Dynasty, people added a fixed ornament inside the turban, called the "scarf". The shape of the scarf varied from period to period. In addition to the scarf, the two feet of the turban also had many changes, and by the late Tang and Fifth Dynasties, it had changed from the original soft foot to a hard foot on each side. Tang Dynasty clerical dress - Tang Dynasty officials, in addition to wearing a round neck and narrow sleeve robe, in some important occasions, such as ritual ceremonies still wear dress. The style of dress, more inherited from the Sui dynasty old system, head wearing conical cap or cage crown, wearing a lapel large-sleeved shirt, under a round robe, jade pendant group ribbons. Tang Dynasty Han women's clothing another basic dress, jacket and skirt. It had a great influence on the women's clothing of later generations. 襦襦裙 was the main clothing style of women in the Tang Dynasty. In the Sui Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty, women's short jacket with small sleeves, under the tight long skirt, skirt waist high tie, usually above the waist, some even tied in the armpits, and tied with ribbons. The 襦襦's of the Middle Tang period are a little wider than those of the Early Tang.

Five Dynasties period dress: basically inherited the Tang Dynasty dress. Some general information can be seen from the picture of Han Xizai's Night Banquet. In addition to Han Xizai and another monk, men are wearing turban with a robe, the color of the robe, all with green, seems to be related to the system at that time. Turban two feet, slightly down, may be in the middle of the "silk string", so there is some elasticity, is the late Tang Dynasty general style. Han Xizai himself, wearing a sarong, wearing a wide shirt, feet practice shoes, completely a kind of home dress. Women's clothing in the picture, also in line with the reality of the time, mainly short jacket and long skirt, but also a round-necked robe. The waist is usually tied with a belt, and the rest of the belt hangs down, resembling two belts. The cloak is narrower than in the Tang Dynasty, but there is a significant increase in length, which is about three to four meters long.

Song dynasty clothing: Song dynasty Han men's clothing clothing inherited the big lapel right over the collar and round neck of the two traditional dress style. Round neck style, compared to the Tang Dynasty Song Dynasty men's clothing cuffs become wider. There are two basic styles of Han Chinese women's clothing in the Song Dynasty: the large-over-right collar and the lapel.

Ming Dynasty clothing: men's clothing style still inherited the two traditional clothing styles of big lapel right-over-right collar and round neck. Women's clothing compared to men's clothing to be rich in change. Ming women's clothing, mainly shirts, jackets, cape, back, than armor and skirts and so on. The basic style of clothes, most of the imitation from the Tang and Song dynasties, generally for the right obeisance, restored the Han customs.

The Peripheral Spread of Han Chinese Clothing

Japanese Kimono: China's influence on the economic and cultural life of Japan entered its most significant period during the Hida and Nara eras in Japan, when the wide-sleeved, stacked-breasted kaftan from the ancient Wu-Yue region of China was spread to Japan, where it became the dress of the upper class for formal occasions, especially the formal uniform of the imperial court. In the course of history since then, the small sleeves have changed from underwear to outerwear, the sleeves of the kimono have become shorter and longer, the obi has become narrower and wider, the patterns have been constantly renewed, and the dyeing and weaving techniques have become more and more refined and luxurious. However, the basic elements of the kimono have never been separated from the Wu suit, so until today, the Japanese will still be the kimono is also known as Wu suit, in many professors and dress school, to tell the kimono from the Chinese Sui and Tang Dynasty culture of historical knowledge.

Japanese kimono is introduced from China, and Hanbok important difference is: men's clothing is basically the same, just a little shorter and narrower cuffs, hemline compact. Since the Meiji Restoration, fewer and fewer Japanese men have been wearing kimonos. Today, kimonos are worn more by women in Japan. The difference between women's kimonos is that they have a backpack at the back of the kimono, the cuffs are also a little shorter and narrower, the hemline is more compact, the obi is wider, and the patterns on the kimono have the characteristics of Japan's own people. The Japanese women's head shape and the clogs and cotton socks they wear are also a tradition of Han Chinese women from the Tang Dynasty, which is hard to find in China today but has taken root in Japan.

Koryo dress: The dress of girls in the South Korean court, with many ornate decorations. It is similar to the Han Chinese dress, but the skirt is looser and puffy.

The Han Chinese dress disaster

After the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the country, the official promulgation of the shaving order for the Shunzhi two years on the 15th day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, converted to the Gregorian calendar for the calendar on July 8, 1645, that is, July 8, 1645, the Manchu Qing Dynasty tore off the mask of not forced to shave the hair, the complete implementation of the shaving order to the strong, and then launched the people of Jiangyin and other parts of the struggle against shaving hair! The struggle against hair shaving in Jiangyin and other places was so tragic and violent that it is difficult to summarize. The death toll is uncountable.

The Manchu Qing dynasty made a major change in the appearance of the Han people's clothing, the continuation of three thousand years of the Han people's crown clothes into the grave. In the second year of Shunzhi, the Qing army captured the provinces in the south of the Yangtze River, and the Qing government has since ordered the implementation of the system of shaving the head and changing the clothes throughout the country. The Qing government ordered, from the date of the official document, within 10 days to all men to shave their hair, to comb the braid, if there is "still the Ming system, not with the system of the dynasty who kill without pardon." In conjunction with this is forced to change the Han Chinese clothing style. Many people were arrested and killed for wearing Han Chinese clothes.

The Han Chinese resisted the Qing government's orders with great vigor. The long struggle to resist led the Qing government to consider making some concessions to stabilize the situation. So it put forward the so-called "ten from ten not from", namely: clothing male from female not from, life from death not from, yang from yin not from, official from subordinate not from, the old from the young not from, Confucianism from monasticism not from, advocate from the excellent actor not from; and: the civil service not from the marriage, the country not from the official name, the service and tax not from the language and writing not from. This limited concession has finally preserved some of the characteristics of Han Chinese clothing.

Why did the Manchurian Qing Dynasty force the Han Chinese to shave their hair and braid their hair? According to common sense, what clothes to wear, what hairstyle and rule does not have much to do, but the Manchurians into the customs and the establishment of the Qing Dynasty gave them a new connotation. The Han people could not accept the rule of foreigners, mainly not because the countryside fell into the hands of foreigners, but because the Han people from the bottom of their hearts to look down on the neighboring barbarians, that they are barbaric, ignorant and uneducated, and to accept their rule of the Han people is a kind of insult. Han has thousands of years of civilization, has a splendid culture, compared to the foreigners, the Han people have a strong sense of cultural superiority, compared to the Manchurian culture is really shallow, really feel inferior. This sense of national inferiority on the one hand prompted the Manchurian aristocracy desperately learning Chinese culture, on the other hand, the Manchurian aristocrats are afraid that the Han people look down on them, so the best way to rule the Han people is to make the Han people to learn the customs of foreigners, the way to personality insults to make the Han people atrophy mentally, so that the Han people to lose self-esteem, self-confidence, to beat off the Han people in the bones of the sense of national superiority.

After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, no less than a few million Han Chinese were killed because of their costumes and hair styles. A Western missionary in China at that time saw these scenes and wrote: "There is no other nation in the world that has been massacred because of its costumes and hair styles like the Han Chinese."

What do we think of "riding in the horse and archery" and "shaving the hair and changing the clothes"?

We should accept what the foreigners have advanced - but in a way that preserves our basic canon.

The so-called "Middle Way" is the same! --To reject it is to be stuck in a rut, but to lose oneself is to turn one's back on one's ancestors!

Hu clothes, including those of the Tang, were made on the premise of preserving the traditional Han clothing.

Hu clothing, was only used as occupational clothing to facilitate labor, and as a popular fashion in a particular region at a particular time. And as national ceremonies of rituals, pilgrimages and protocols - the standard traditional Han Chinese dress was used across the board.

The hanbok has always been a representation of the solemn, ceremonial system; the hokok, merely a fashionable, utilitarian fad.

The hu uniform - a typical example of our initiative to learn from foreign cultures;

Shaving our hair and changing our clothes - a sign of our strange shame and enslavement.

Phoenix Nirvana, reborn in the fire

Revival of Hanfu Chronicle

She is the most brilliant pearl in the history of human civilization, standing at the top of the world's clothing art with its superb aesthetic craftsmanship, and she is the traditional clothing of the Han nation in one lineage, which is a spectrum of the spirit of Chinese civilization concepts into the ancient country between the drops of life.

From the simple Qin and Han styles to the transcendent Wei and Jin charms, the ideal pursuit of the Chinese nation is permeated; from the openness of the Tang Dynasty to the implicit Song and Ming rhythms, the philosophical beliefs of the Han culture are revealed. Han clothing, in the process of China's five thousand years of civilization, has become the skin of the Chinese nation and Han children blood linked.

However, she is the deepest wound of the Han Chinese people - in the skin stripped by foreigners at the same time, the blood swirled in the ancient country's beautiful mountains and rivers, three hundred and sixty years of years, a long time ...... To this day, we look away from the ancestors to create the brilliant achievements, but acting as the world's only naked nation without their own national costume!

---Huaxia's Han!

What the eyes see is impatience, and what the heart harbors is unwillingness!

We organize up the heritage of our ancestors, vowing to let that severed civilization bloom again.

Major events of Hanbok revival (abbreviated)

Interview of Qing Song Baixue, the first person who made his own Hanbok;

Interview of Xin Ruoxu, the first person who made all Hanbok;

Wang Shan won the Best Ethnic Costume Award of the Miss International Pageant for her real Tang costume;

"The first person who reformed the Hanbok" Interview with the master of the cold sound pavilion;

Hunan Online opened a special issue of Chinese dress;

Wan Gui listening to the pine for the first time in colleges and universities to publicly promote Chinese dress;

Han dress reappeared in Shenzhou - Strong ambition interview;

Malaysia's Chinese Zhao Li Yu Chinese dress America on the street live;

Shenzhen Netizen Gathering;

Mongolian "experts" and other hu critical of the revival of Chinese dress;

"In the name of Chinese dress to promote the culture" - Oriental Morning Post Weekly report on the revival of Chinese dress;

"Hanbok education starts from the youth" - Hanliu Lian's interview;

The first Hanbok franchise company - Ancient Path Clothing Company was established;

Ding's Pixie Thoughts In colleges and universities to promote Chinese dress;

"For the teachers" - Xuan Yuan Muxue Interview;

Argentine Chinese Lianzhu Zi - Huaxia Clothing Shock South;

To the time of making this article, the figure of Chinese dress has appeared in Zhengzhou, Jinan, Harbin, West Lake, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Hunan, Hebei, Shanghai, Scandinavia, the United States, Australia, Malaysia, Argentina, Singapore ...... There are many, many more ...... Every year on July 8 for the Han Shame Day, HanNet colleagues On this day to set up a festival, in order to comfort the year for the defense of Chinese culture and died in the Qing soldiers under the knife of the heroes. Every year on July 8, members who have Hanbok will wear their most gorgeous Hanbok on the street to show that Hanbok is not dead. Those who do not have Hanboks wake up early on that day and observe a three-minute moment of silence to show their condolences for the innocence of their ancestors. If there is a member of the Jiangyin City in that day wearing gorgeous Hanbok (if you wear mourning clothes does not mean that Hanbok has died) to carry out a ritual activity, to pay tribute to those who resisted the shaving of the heroes to show that the Hanbok is not dead, the heroes of the descendants did not let them down.

Why revive the Hanbok?

Costume is a civilization, is accompanied by the development of human civilization and is an indispensable part of human civilization. Called: "clothing revival, rather than return to the animal skin grass skirt!" of saying, not only to the denial of the civilization of clothing, but also to the human civilization itself blasphemy and denial!

Clothing is a culture, is accompanied by the evolution of human society and the natural geography and climate and other conditions of change and the emergence of the cultural system, development, evolution, and at times subject to the constraints of these objective conditions. The differences in natural geography and climate, as well as humanistic and historical traditions between different parts of the world and different ethnic groups, are the fundamental reasons for the differences in the costumes of different ethnic groups. It is also because of this difference that people of all nationalities have a special love for their traditional costumes, and this love is actually a concrete expression of national feelings.

Hanbok, as the traditional clothing of the Han people, was created 5,000 years ago, rooted in the land of China, and has become an inseparable part of the Han people. This is determined by the history of Hanfu and the Han people.

I The geographic context in which the costumes were created is the determining factor in the differences between the different dress systems.

The Han costume, which arose in the Central Plains, is inseparable from and has been influenced by the natural conditions of the Central Plains, such as geography and climate. The Han Chinese native land ---- is located in the temperate zone, and the overall climate is mild, so the Han Chinese dress formed by it covers the whole body, has no collar, big sleeves and other features are obviously different from those in the tropics and the frigid zone.

For example, the Manchu dress, which was produced in the colder regions, is significantly different from the Manchu dress, such as the standing collar and the narrow sleeves, which are specially made by the local people in order to protect themselves from the cold, so the Manchu dress is actually a completely different dress system with the origin of the Han Chinese dress! The two dress systems are confused with each other, which is actually an ignorance of the history!

The style of dress is inseparable from the cultural thought of its people. The philosophical direction of different societies has a direct impact on the style of dress. The Han Chinese dress, all for the plane cut, do not emphasize the clothing to delineate the human body curve, which is completely different from the three-dimensional cutting style of the West. Similar differences in style are not only reflected in the fields of painting, architecture, music, etc., but also in the way of thinking of the people in the two social backgrounds, which also affects the development of science and other fields. This is actually due to the apparent manifestation of the implicit differences between the worldviews and methodologies of human beings in different social contexts. The emergence of such differences is, in the final analysis, determined by the cultural differences at the early stage of the formation of human societies caused by differences in geography, which have been passed down from one generation of history to another and evolved to the present day. (Including the shorter history of the United States of America thought, in fact, also has its own specific historical and cultural background, its roots and Western civilization, especially the Greek and Roman civilization has a thousand links, but with the East of the Chinese civilization related to very little. Therefore, today's popular clothing in the world, in the final analysis, its mainstream design ideas are created by the West, and the traditional Chinese civilization has a very different style, so the Han people today wear the same clothing as the traditional clothing of the Han people is also ignorance of history.

Three The style of clothing is closely related to the habits of the people to whom it belongs. For example, the ancient culture is more advanced, and the regime is relatively stable agricultural countries, such as ancient China's characteristic dress --- that is, the Han Chinese clothing, mainly wide robes and big sleeves, it is the Han people's living conditions are superior performance. The relatively backward and unstable life of nomadic national dress, is mostly flexible and convenient system. And the modern fast-paced industrial society, more seasonal practicality for the clothing industry's leading idea. Therefore, nomadic clothing, modern clothing are not reflected in the traditional Han clothing style, not to mention as a substitute for traditional Han clothing conceptual confusion.

Fourth, the development of clothing, and the civilization of the nation to which it belongs to influence each other. For example, the Chinese nation's agriculture (cotton, hemp, sericulture, etc.), light industry (textiles, printing and dyeing, embroidery, and even papermaking, etc.) have played a decisive role in the development of clothing, and in certain dynasties in China, the Han Chinese dress craft was pushed to the peak, which is still breathtaking to the world. And ancient agriculture and industry (especially silkworms, embroidery, etc.) is relatively backward Western society, is unable to match (not to mention civilization almost no enlightenment of the nomads!) And as we can see, to this day our country maintains a leading edge in these fields. This advantage is inseparable from the history of Chinese civilization.

Five Because of the reason for the existence of the difference in clothing, national dress for the people of that ethnic group, not only is the sign of their national identity, but also represents the identification of the people of that ethnic group of the culture of their own ethnic group, but also the identification of their ethnic group. This sense of identity is not only a rational level of knowledge of the history of the people and the recognition of the essence of the traditions of the people, but also the emotional level of spiritual pursuit, that is, the specific embodiment of the love of the people. This love is based on the knowledge and understanding of the historical and cultural origins of the nation and the essence of civilization, so the people who do not love their own national costumes are usually those who are equally indifferent to the history and culture of the nation, i.e., the people who ignore the nation (ignorant, plus selfish and shallow people). Is there any future for a people who are disregarded by their people?

Six Human beings are emotional creatures, and the evolution of human society and the development of human civilization have their own objective laws. And human nature (human feelings, etc.) is the human part of this objective law that cannot be ignored. That is, human feelings play a vital role in the development of human society. Therefore, it is absurd to study social civilization and human development while ignoring the emotional needs of human beings themselves. The development and evolution of clothing is also part of the process of human civilization and is inevitably influenced by human feelings. And national feelings are human collective **** have emotions, with universal significance, so aside from the national feelings talk about the development of national costumes is also unscientific.

Seven human feelings are affected by the knowledge they have acquired, and human knowledge is accumulated in history. Because knowledge is limited by various conditions in the spread of knowledge, people of all races usually know more about their own culture than about others. Moreover, the pursuit of "self-worth" in the nature of human beings, so that they will belong to their own culture with deep feelings, and the feelings of the national costume is one of the embodiments of this human nature (no feelings of the national costume can be said to lack of human nature).

Eight On the traditional costumes of the Han nationality itself, not only have the above seven attributes, but also have its development history, cultural background, craft level and special and painful extinction process which is different from other costumes. All of this makes the Han people with national feelings have a special emotion for the Han clothing!

The contents are as follows:

1 Han clothing has the same long history as the Chinese civilization, and the Chinese people, regarded as their national ancestor, the Yellow Emperor, is a symbol of the civilization of the nation, but also a sign of distinction from other ethnic groups, has always been "Qi people's hearts, do not barbarians," the role of.

2The Han Chinese dress has been passed down for five thousand years, and the most typical style of the Han Chinese dress has existed in thousands of miles of rivers and mountains, which is a great miracle in the history of the world dress.

3The Han Chinese dress has created an unprecedented level of craftsmanship in the history of mankind (note: it is unprecedented, even if the technologically advanced modern times have not reached), and it is the pride of China.

4 Han Chinese people since ancient times, the idea of heavy clothing, not only the canonical writings of the sages and philosophers, but also responded to every aspect of traditional China, clothing civilization and Chinese culture itself is inseparable, no matter how the development of the evolution of Chinese civilization, only the existence of Chinese civilization, we must be affected by the Han civilization of the clothing (for example, now the drama, film and television, such as clothing, you can see a spot).

5 due to, the special process of the disappearance of Han clothing, more so that the Han Chinese people on the traditional clothing of their own people have a painful and complex feelings (no do not deserve to be called Han!). This pain and love of strong feelings is the spiritual level, with the sanctity and ideal, is beyond the world, across the times of emotion, more than ordinary secular feelings can be compared!

6Today, the Han Chinese people are the only people in the world who do not have their own national traditional clothing, which is very regrettable and embarrassing for a long history and a high degree of civilization of the main body of China's population of one billion people, and in the world is also very ironic.

So Hanfu is: the representative clothing of the Han people; the spirit of the Han people's agglomeration of temperament; y rooted in the history and culture of the Han people, such as the Han people's hair and skin, connected to the Han people's blood and soul; Hanfu - always accompanied by the Han people and the Han people, regardless of the history, the present, or the future, as long as there is the existence of the Han people, there is the existence of Hanfu. As long as there are Han people, there will be the existence of Hanfu. Hanfu, as the status of the traditional dress of the Han people can never have any room to argue! That is, the Han Chinese nation does not allow any form of virtualization, dehumanization or any other conceptual alternatives! Therefore, mentioning the traditional costumes of the Han nationality without taking these feelings into consideration is a blasphemy and erasure of the feelings of the Han nationality and disregard for human nature!

Nine The development of society, too, has its regularity, is spiraling and meandering. And now human society as a whole is moving from an industrial society into a post-industrial society, and China is moving forward with it. From a global perspective, human beings are constantly putting forward new requirements for their lifestyles, i.e., humanization, personalization, comfortable and comfortable lifestyles, and the pursuit of spiritual enrichment is more urgent than the satisfaction of material life, which is not only the embodiment of the nature of human beings, but also determined by the objective conditions of the development of society and the progress of the productive forces. And contemporary society, human beings, are trying to meet the pursuit of human beings. For example, the reduction of working hours, the increase of holidays, the diversification and liberalization of the calculation of working hours, the emergence of online work, home office, etc., all of which make the human life more adaptable to the requirements of human nature's own desires. As far as China is concerned, although the overall pace of people's lives is still accelerating, there is a tendency to develop in this direction. Therefore, it is not objective to deny the adaptability of Hanfu by only seeing the acceleration of people's living standard today without looking at its development trend.

Ten the revival of Hanfu, is not equal to the restoration of clothing