Method of accelerating rice germination

(1) rapid germination method with warm water: choose a shelter and heat preservation place, spread a layer of 24 ~ 30 cm thick straw, put a water tank prepared in advance on it, pour warm water of 40℃ into the tank, put the drained seeds into the warm water, stir while pouring, and make it heated evenly, and control the water temperature at about 38℃, then seal the mouth of the tank with a film and pile the straw tightly. After 5 ~ 6 hours, take out the seeds, drain the water slightly, cover with straw, and let them have warm dew seeds 18 ~ 19 hours. After the first seed exposure, generally 5% ~ 10% of the seeds began to appear white. Soak seeds for the second time according to the above method, but the soaking water temperature should be reduced to 35 ~ 36℃, the soaking time should be shortened to 2 ~ 3 hours, and the seed exposure time should be extended to 2 1 ~ 22 hours. After the second seed exposure, the breast-breaking rate can reach about 85%. Soak the seeds three times with the above method, keep the water temperature at 32 ~ 33℃, soak for 1 ~ 1.5 hours, and expose the seeds until the breast is made. After the chest is broken, it is washed and drained with warm water at 35℃, piled while it is hot, and dried by heat preservation. This germination accelerating technology is safe and has high germination rate. It should be noted that containers, vats and covered straws must be cleaned to remove all other grains.

(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating method: put the seeds into woven bags (snakeskin bags), soak them in warm water at 35 ~ 36℃ for 4 hours, and wrap them with film while they are hot, so as to keep the seeds warm and moist and accelerate germination. Soak in warm water at 25℃ for 2-3 minutes every 7-8 hours, take it out and drain it to continue to accelerate germination, and so on until the chest is broken. In this way, it only takes 18 hours from seed soaking to chest breaking, and the chest breaking is basically over in 48 ~ 52 hours. The experimental results show that the average germination rate of this method can reach 97.9%, which is higher than that of the conventional method.

(3) Breastbreaking method with warm water in the pot: soak the hybrid early rice seeds for 48 hours, drain the water, and put them into snakeskin bags or cloth bags. Put 15 ~ 20 cm deep water into the pot, turn off the fire when it is heated to 75 ~ 80℃, then put a row of sticks 3 ~ 5 cm away from the water surface of the pot and put seeds on them. The amount of seeds should not be pointed at the pot cover, and the pot cover should be arched. After a while, check the water temperature. If the temperature drops to 10 ~ 20℃, lower the fire to keep the temperature in the pot.

(4) Small pit germination method: Choose the land with sunny lee, solid soil and high dry terrain, dig a circular pit with a depth of 75cm and a diameter of about 85cm, and build small ridges around the pit to prevent rainwater from flowing in. Lay a layer of bamboo sticks with branches at the bottom of the cellar, lay a layer of grass (straw can also be heated) with a thickness of 10 ~ 20cm on the branches and around the cellar, and then put straw mats and drying straw mats on the grass. Preheat the early rice seeds soaked for 48 hours with warm water, then put them in a cellar filled with reeds and bags, and fill them with straw. Cover the pit mouth with film and press it tightly. On a sunny day with normal temperature, when the temperature in the cellar rises after 8 ~ 10 hours, the grain should be turned over at this time, and then every 2 ~ 3 hours. Grasp that the temperature before chest rupture does not exceed 38℃. After 20 hours, when the breast-breaking rate reaches more than 90%, spray warm water at about 30℃ once and turn it over once to reduce the coverage and accelerate the seed germination.

(5) Greenhouse steam germination method: Greenhouse steam germination is to control the temperature and humidity by using greenhouse steam to meet the needs of seed germination. The greenhouse germinates quickly, with high germination rate and orderly germination, which is suitable for large-scale or collective germination. The germination greenhouse should be tightly insulated and heated rapidly. The germination tray or laundry basket is placed on the indoor shelf. The soaked seeds are ignited to preheat the greenhouse 3-4 hours before entering the greenhouse. Don't spread the seeds too thick, about 10 ~ 12 cm. It should be noted that the indoor and seed temperature should be strictly controlled at 35 ~ 36℃, which is easy to burn the seeds if it is too high. Seeds should be ploughed regularly, and when water is insufficient, they can be ploughed and sprinkled with water to meet the requirements of seeds for water and prevent the phenomenon of short roots and long buds due to water shortage. In addition, we should also pay attention to introducing toxic substances such as lampblack to the outside. When the greenhouse is used again, it should be disinfected with chemicals.

(6) The method of accelerating germination with fly ash: firstly, the soaked seeds are washed with warm water to raise the temperature of the seeds, and then mixed with the screened fly ash for accelerating germination. Coal ash should be soaked in boiling water until it is kneaded into a ball by hand. It is best to mix it with the seed while it is hot and cover it. Every 30 kilograms of coal ash can be mixed with 50 kilograms of seeds. When the temperature is too low, you can put boiling water in a big teapot or crock, wrap straw around it and bury it in the center of the grain pile to raise the temperature. After about 24 hours, the root buds can grow. At this time, turn the pile and take out the kettle, and turn it 1 ~ 2 times. This method of accelerating germination is safe, simple and easy to master, and it is a good method to accelerate germination when the seed quantity is small.

The above methods to promote the germination of hybrid rice can be flexibly applied in various places according to the actual situation.