Are blue and white, tea classics, chimes and Dunhuang murals cultural heritage?

Cultural heritage is conceptually divided into tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. Material and cultural heritage includes immovable cultural relics such as ancient ruins, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, cave temples, stone carvings, murals, important historical sites, representative buildings, and movable cultural relics such as important physical objects, works of art, documents, manuscripts, books and materials in various periods in history; And famous historical and cultural cities (blocks, villages and towns) with outstanding universal value in architectural style, uniform distribution or combination with environmental scenery. Intangible cultural heritage includes oral tradition, traditional performing arts, folk activities, rituals and festivals, folk traditional knowledge and practice about nature and the universe, traditional handicraft skills and cultural space related to the above-mentioned traditional cultural expressions.

Blue-and-white porcelain, also known as blue-and-white porcelain, is often called blue-and-white, which is one of the mainstream varieties of China porcelain and belongs to underglaze porcelain. Blue-and-white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, with decorative patterns painted on the ceramic blank and covered with a layer of transparent glaze, which is fired at one time by high temperature reducing flame. Cobalt is blue after firing, which has the characteristics of strong coloring, bright hair color, high firing rate and stable color. Primitive blue-and-white porcelain appeared in Tang and Song Dynasties, and mature blue-and-white porcelain appeared in Hutian kiln in Jingdezhen in Yuan Dynasty. Blue and white became the mainstream of Ming porcelain. It reached its peak in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, colorful blue and white, peacock green glazed blue and white, bean green glazed blue and white yellow and old glazed blue and white were also created and fired.

Tea Classic is the earliest, most complete and comprehensive monograph on tea in China and even in the world. Known as the "Encyclopedia of Tea", it was written by Lu Yu, the founder of China Tea Ceremony. This book is a comprehensive exposition of the history, origin, present situation, production technology, tea drinking skills and tea ceremony principle of tea production, and it is an epoch-making monograph on tea science. It is not only an incisive agricultural work, but also a tea culture work. It promotes the ordinary tea affair to a wonderful cultural and artistic ability. It is an important work on tea in ancient China, which promoted the development of tea culture in China.

The chime is a percussion instrument in ancient China. It is made of bronze. It consists of flat round clocks of different sizes arranged in pitch order and hung on a huge clock rack. The bronze bell can be struck with a T-shaped wooden hammer and a long stick, which can produce different musical sounds. Because the tone of each clock is different, you can play beautiful music according to the sound spectrum. Lead a group of copper bells with different tones to hang on a wooden frame and beat the music with a mallet.

Dunhuang murals include Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, West Thousand Buddha Cave and Anxi Yulin Grottoes. There are 552 grottoes with over 50,000 square meters of frescoes. It is the cave group with the largest number of murals in China and even in the world, with very rich contents. Dunhuang murals are the main part of Dunhuang art, with huge scale and exquisite skills. Dunhuang murals are rich in content. Like other religious arts, it is an art that describes the image, activities and relationship between God and man, in order to pin people's good wishes and appease people's hearts. Therefore, the style of mural painting is different from that of secular painting. However, any art originates from real life, and any art has its national tradition; Therefore, most of their forms come from the same artistic language and expression techniques and have the same national style.

According to the concept, blue and white porcelain, chimes, Dunhuang murals and tea classics (Lu Yu) belonging to historical relics belong to material and cultural heritage; Handicraft skills such as blue and white, chimes and tea classics are intangible cultural heritage.

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