What are the historical stories of the last 5,000 years of the world's history?

Historical stories have always been a bridge between the past and the future. Every historical event and historical figure is a moving story that can inspire people. Here is what I have organized for you, I hope it will help you!

Part I: steady and prudent Wasilevsky

November 19, 1942 morning, thick fog shrouded Stalingrad, suddenly ten thousand artillery, assembled in the north and south of Stalingrad, the Soviet army unexpectedly launched a pincer attack, and quickly surrounded the 330,000 German troops, and then to February 2, 1943, and wiped out all of them. The Battle of Stalingrad is recognized as the turning point of the Second World War. The Chief of the Soviet General Staff, Vasilevsky, put a great deal of effort into the development and execution of the battle plan. Wasilevsky and Zhukov were contemporaries of high-ranking Soviet commanders. Together they commanded many major battles in World War II. But the two men had very different personalities. Zhukov was brash and cheerful, bold and courageous, and vigorous, while Wasilevsky was sophisticated, steady, and easy-going. Once, when Vasilevsky returned to the base camp from the front, Stalin jokingly said, "Look at you commanding such a large number of troops, and you're not doing a bad job, but you probably haven't even bullied a fly yourself." Vasilevsky always believed that the ability to maintain self-respect in the presence of subordinates was an indispensable quality of a military chief.In 1895, Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky was born into a family of priests in the village of Novogorechkha. His mother*** had eight children, and Vasilevsky was the fourth. His father's income was meager, so his mother used to subsidize the family by doing odd jobs in a nearby workshop. Vasilevsky also used to work in vegetable gardens and fields as much as he could. He first attended an elementary school run by the church in the village of Novopokrovskoye, then the Kineshma Theological School, and in the fall of 1909 the Kostroma Theological School. This school produced many outstanding personalities. In his childhood Vasilevsky did not dream of becoming a soldier, let alone of becoming a great man, but it was the war that brought him into the army, where he grew up to become a famous military man and commander-in-chief. 1914 saw the outbreak of the First World War, which shattered the hopes he had had as a student. The war shattered his dream of becoming an agronomist, which he had had during his student days. 1915, he entered the crash course of the Alexeyev Military School, graduated with the rank of warrant officer, was assigned to a county reserve battalion, and soon afterward led a company to the front, where he was integrated into the Novokhapiorsk Regiment of the 103rd Infantry Division of the 9th Group Army. Wasilewski was stationed on the line from Ratach on the Dniester River to Baujan on the Prut River. As commander of the 1st Company, he took part in the Battle of Brusilov. In August of the same year, Romania declared war on Austria, but suffered successive defeats, and in November Bucharest fell. In March 1917, when news of the revolution in Petrograd broke out in the country, the officers of his regiment began to split, with some becoming more conservative and others moving closer to the soldiers. He had always been close to the soldiers, so he naturally took the second path. After the outbreak of the October Revolution, the split in the officer ranks of the Russian army deepened, and the conservative elements temporarily gained the upper hand. Vasilevsky was treated badly by some of the officers because of his recognition of Soviet power, his contacts with the Bolsheviks, and his attendance at meetings of the soldiers' deputies. In December 1917, he was discharged from the army and returned home. Three weeks later, Vasilevsky accepted the proposal of the county military department to become an instructor of the military training division in the township of Kineshmath Ugletsk, and in May 1919 he joined the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and became a real commander of the Red Army. Thereafter, he held the posts of platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, regimental commander, and instructor captain.In May 1931, Vasilevsky was transferred to the Military Training Department of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. During this period he took part in the preparation and execution of many military exercises, as well as in the preparation of the Command Service Order and the Rules for the Execution of Great Depth Battles, which enabled him to learn the staff business and to accumulate working experience.In 1934 he was promoted to the post of Minister of Military Training of the Military District along the Volga River, and in September 1935, when the Soviet Army introduced the rank system, he was given the rank of colonel.In the fall of 1936 he was re-designated as the Minister of Operations in the Command Department. In November, he entered the Military Academy of the General Staff for further study, graduating with honors a year later, and went to the General Staff as Chief of Training.On September 1, 1939, the German army invaded Poland, and the Second World War broke out.In June 1941, the German army launched a surprise attack on the Soviet Union. In only three months it advanced to the line of Leningrad, Moscow and Rostov. The situation was very dangerous. At this time, Warsilevsky, who had been promoted to Deputy Chief of the General Staff and Minister of Operations, carried out a lot of concrete organizational and planning work to stabilize the war situation. in May 1942, he was appointed Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Army. At that time, he was assisting in the Southwest Front. The Supreme Commander asked him to return to base camp by July 4 at the latest. Wassilevsky, who had just assumed the post of Chief of the General Staff, in accordance with the intentions of the Generalissimo, presided over the General Staff, drew up a series of plans and programs for a series of major battles, and led the solution of many specific problems in the operations of the various aspects of the army. 23 July, as a representative of the base camp, he came to Stalingrad, which was the decisive factor in the outcome of the war. In order to remove the threat of German encirclement of the Soviet 62nd Army Group, he proposed to use the remaining forces of the 1st and 4th Tank Groups to carry out a counter-assault on the enemy. This not only broke the enemy's plan of encirclement, but also prevented the enemy's attempt to take Stalingrad in one fell swoop. Subsequently, he coordinated the other battlefields and solved a series of major problems to ensure the victory of the Battle of Stalingrad, which showed his ability to command a large army. After the Battle of Stalingrad, Vasilevsky, as a representative sent from the main camp, assisted the leaders of the various aspects of the army in the Ostrogorzhsk-Rososh Offensive, the Battle of Kursk, the Battle of the Liberation of the Donbass, the combat operations in the Crimea, and the Belorussian Offensive, among others. The Belarus campaign was one of the largest offensive campaigns of the Soviet Patriotic War. During the preparatory stage of the campaign, Vasilevsky, in accordance with Stalin's ideas, on the one hand, thoroughly examined the battle plan named "Bagration", on the other hand, he helped the main camp to complete the mobilization and concentration of all the front armies, and put forward for the choice of the supreme commander those whom he thought were suitable to be the commanders of the newly-formed front armies. After all the preparations were made, he went into each unit to check the preparation for the battle and carried out the most direct command of the battle. This campaign basically annihilated the German Central Army Group and liberated the whole territory of Belarus, creating conditions for the later strategic offensive.In April 1945, Wasilevsky, on the order of the Supreme Commander, drew up the Far Eastern battle plan together with the personnel of the General Staff, and, adopting extremely strict measures of secrecy and camouflage, redeployed the three front armies to the three main directions of assault on the Sino-Soviet border.In July, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Army in the Far East, commanding operations against the Japanese Kwantung Army.On August 8, the Soviet Union *** declared war on Japan. Wasilevsky commanded more than 1.5 million Soviet troops to launch an offensive into northeastern China and beyond. In only 10 days, the Soviet army advanced 200-800 kilometers in each of the three directions of operation, dividing the Japanese army into many isolated groups. on August 15, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. in late August, the Kwantung Army was disarmed one after another. Wasilevsky's command of this campaign once again showed his outstanding military talent. After the war, he served as Chief of General Staff, Minister of Armed Forces, First Deputy Minister of Defense, Director General of the Ministry of Defense, etc., for the construction of the Soviet Union's armed forces made a significant contribution to the death in 1977.

Part II: Returning the Jade Bits to Zhao

In 283 BC, King Huiwen, the ruler of the State of Zhao, got a piece of jade jade jade, called "Heshi Bits", which was a priceless treasure. When King Zhao of Qin heard about it, he was very envious and wanted to get his hands on it.

So King Zhao of Qin sent a messenger with a letter to King Huiwen of Zhao. He said that Qin was willing to exchange 15 cities for the Heshi Bi. This can make the king of Zhao made a difficult, give the jade jade, for fear that the king of Qin does not keep his word, get the jade jade not to give the city; do not give it, but also for fear of annoying the king of Qin, leading the troops to attack the state of Zhao. He discussed the matter with his ministers. Later, a man recommended his disciple Lin ***lìn*** Xiangru to go to Qin to deal with this matter. King Huiwen sent someone to call Lin Xiangru for a talk, and he also thought he was a suitable person, so he decided to send him to Qin with Heshi Bi.

Lin Xiangru went to Qin and offered the jade bik to the king of Qin, who took a look at it and saw that the jade bik was flawless, crystal clear and really a priceless treasure, and he was so happy that he couldn't close his mouth at once. He turned it over and over for half a day, and then passed it on to the ministers around him and the beauties in his harem, who were all full of praise and congratulated the king of Qin. Lin Xiangru stood by and waited for a while, but did not see the king of Qin mention the exchange of the city, knowing that the king of Qin wanted to swindle ****kuāng*** cheat the jade jade. However, the king had already given them the jade disk, so he couldn't snatch it back from them. Lin Xiangru, in a hurry, politely said to the king of Qin, "Although this Heshi Bi is the most precious treasure in the world, it is a pity that there is still a little spot on it ****xiá***, the king may not have seen it yet, let me point it out to the king." The king of Qin believed it, and returned the jade to Lin Xiangru. Lin Xiangru took the He Shi Bi in his hand, took a few steps backward, leaned against the pillar of the temple, and said righteously, "This He Shi Bi is a treasure known to everyone in the world. At first, the great king sent a letter saying that he would exchange 15 cities for this jade jade jade. However, today I see that the king is sitting and receiving the jade bik, and he is passing it around for others to see, and he has no intention of exchanging the cities at all, so I am taking the jade bik back. If the Great King forces me, I would rather smash my head along with this jade jade biscuit on this palace pillar!" After saying this, he was about to bang his head on the pillar. The king of Qin hurriedly smiled to dissuade him, and had a map brought to him to explain which cities and lands were to be ceded to the state of Zhao. Lin Xiangru knew that the king of Qin was trying to stabilize him before he tricked him into taking the jade biscuits, so he said to the king of Qin, "These jade biscuits are a rare treasure, and the king of Zhao fasted for five days and held a grand ceremony to deliver the biscuits before delivering them to him, so if you really want to exchange the jade biscuits for the biscuits, you should also fast for five days, and hold the corresponding ceremony of accepting the biscuits in exchange for the biscuits of the city, and only then will I dare to offer them. " Seeing Lin Xiangru's firm attitude, King Zhao of Qin knew that a hard take would not work, so he agreed.

Lin Xiangru returned to his hotel, sent one of his attendants to disguise himself as a poor man, wrapped the jade wall around his waist, and secretly sent it back to Zhao along the path.

Five days later, the king of Qin invited the envoys of Chu, Yan, Qi and Wei to attend the ceremony of receiving the jade wall, wanting to use it to show his prestige. The arrangements were made, and the envoys of Zhao were announced to come to the palace. After Lin Xiangru had saluted according to the ceremony of the envoys, the king of Qin saw that his hand was empty, so he asked him where was the jade jade. Lin Xiangru said, "Since Duke Mu, your country has had more than 20 sovereigns, and none of them has kept his word. Now I am also afraid of being cheated, so I sent someone to send the 'He Shi Bi' back to Zhao." When the king of Qin heard this, he was furious and had Lin Xiangru tied up for questioning. Lin Xiangru said calmly, "Your Majesty, please calm down, let me make it clear in front of everyone: we all know that Qin is strong and Zhao is weak, and there is only a strong country bullying a weak country, never a weak country bullying a strong country. If the king really wants the jade, it is not difficult, first give 15 cities to Zhao, and then send a messenger with me to Zhao to get the jade, Zhao will never dare to get the cities but not give the jade, to go back to the reputation of not keeping their word. I know that I have fooled the king this time, and I deserve to die for my crime. Please punish me for my crime, so that all countries will know that the king killed Zhao's messenger in order to get a piece of jade jade bik, and people in the world can know the right and wrong." The king of Qin was so dumbfounded by what he said that he thought that even if he killed Lin Xiangru, he could not get the jade jade and would still get a bad reputation, so he ordered Lin Xiangru to be released. As a result, Qin could not afford to give 15 cities to Zhao, and Zhao did not give the "He Shi Bi" to Qin.

Part III: The Attack from Afar

Toward the end of the Warring States period, the Seven Heroes were fighting for supremacy. The state of Qin developed the fastest after Shang Yang's change of law. King Zhao of Qin began to plot to annex the six states and dominate the Central Plains. In 270 B.C., King Zhao of Qin prepared to raise an army to attack Qi. Fan Ju ****jū*** at this time to the king of Qin Zhaoqing to offer "far from the near attack" strategy to prevent the Qin attack Qi. He said: Qi is powerful and far away from Qin, and to attack Qi, the troops have to pass through Han and Wei. He said: Qi was powerful and far away from Qin, and the troops would have to pass through Han and Wei to attack Qi. It is better to attack the neighboring states of Han and Wei first and advance gradually. In order to prevent Qi from forming an alliance with Han and Wei, King Zhao of Qin sent an envoy to form an alliance with Qi. More than ten years later, Qin Shi Huang continued to adhere to the policy of "far away from the near attack", far away from Qi and Chu, first attacked Han, Wei, and then from the two wings of the army, broke Zhao, Yan, unified the north; broke Chu, pacified the south; and finally the Qi also cleaned up. Qin Shi Huang's ten-year campaign finally realized the unification of China.

Far and near attack, from the "State of War policy * Qin policy": Fan Ju said: "the king is not as far as far and near attack, get an inch, the king's inch; get feet, also the king's feet." This is a famous saying of Fan Ju to convince the king of Qin. Distant friendship and close attack, is to divide and disintegrate the enemy alliance, each attack, befriend the country far away from their own and first attack the neighboring strategic strategy. When attempts to achieve a military goal are limited by geography and difficult to reach, one should first attack the nearest enemy and not cross over to the near enemy to fight the enemy far away from oneself. In order to prevent the enemy from forming alliances, it is necessary to do everything possible to divide the enemy and break them individually. After eliminating the near enemy, the "distant enemy" will become a new object of attack. The purpose of "distant friendship" is in fact to avoid making too many enemies and adopt the strategy of diplomatic entrapment.