How are spectral detection methods used in environmental monitoring?

Spectral detection methods have a wide range of applications in environmental monitoring, the following are some common spectral detection methods and their applications in environmental monitoring:

Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis): UV-Vis Spectroscopy is a commonly used spectral analysis method, which is suitable for the detection of heavy metal ions, organic and inorganic substances in water, atmosphere, soil and other environmental media. It is applicable to the detection of heavy metal ions, organic and inorganic substances in environmental media such as water, atmosphere and soil. By measuring the light absorbed by the sample in the ultraviolet and visible regions, the absorbance of the sample can be obtained, so as to deduce the concentration of the substances in the sample. In environmental monitoring, UV-Vis spectroscopy is widely used in the monitoring of drinking water, wastewater and air.

Infrared spectroscopy (IR): IR spectroscopy is used to analyze changes in the molecular structure of a sample by determining the sample's ability to absorb wavelengths of infrared light. In environmental testing, IR spectroscopy is mainly applied to the analysis of isomers and content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air, water and other media.VOCs are organic compounds that can volatilize under certain temperatures and pressures, and may be by-products of industrial production or products of human activities.

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy): Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is widely used in the treatment of air pollution. The technology through the metal atoms have adsorption properties, so that the metal elements in the atmosphere in the role of the atom absorbed by the principle of measurement, in the absorption process to form a special reflection wavelength, and then form the corresponding spectral maps, in order to clarify the current status of atmospheric pollution.

The application of these methods in environmental monitoring helps us better understand the content and distribution of various pollutants in the environment, thus providing a scientific basis for the development of more effective environmental protection measures.