Lecture notes on Chinese painting and oil painting

The Treasure of National Culture —— Lecture Notes of Chinese Painting

First of all, talk about textbooks.

(A) teaching material analysis and teaching objectives

This lesson is the first lesson "National Culture, the Treasure of the Country-Chinese Painting" in the standard experimental teaching material of ordinary senior high schools. As the opening class of the painting volume, the purpose is to let students feel the profoundness of the traditional culture of the motherland and understand the artistic characteristics of traditional painting in China. Through the study of this lesson, students have a preliminary understanding of the unique painting tool "Four Treasures of the Study" and special Chinese painting pigments. Through the appreciation of the template painting in this paper, the rich expression techniques of Chinese painting are explored. Unique forms of expression, as well as the aesthetic concepts formed by China painters in practice for thousands of years. And through the study of this lesson, let students form a correct concept of Chinese painting, and through this understanding and understanding, improve their love and interest in learning excellent Chinese painting. In arranging this class, there is a connection between the back and forth. Continuation: continue to improve the ability of appreciation; Enlightenment: lay a good foundation for the study of the second and third lessons.

This lesson can be divided into three parts:

The first part: The beginning and the end summarize the artistic characteristics of Chinese painting.

The second part: Introduce the tool materials of Chinese painting.

The third part: Expounds the unique means of expression, profound cultural connotation, creative concept and aesthetic pursuit of Chinese painting handed down from generation to generation.

(B) Teaching focus and difficulties

1, the teaching focus should be on the knowledge and understanding of Chinese paintings that stand on their own feet in the world painting world. Some students may know, understand but don't like, like and so on, but as descendants of the Chinese people, they should have a basic understanding of their own Chinese paintings. Only based on this correct understanding can we explore the true meaning with a positive attitude. As soon as you approach Chinese painting, you will be attracted by the artistic charm of passive people and be willing to learn more.

2. Difficulties in teaching: Chinese painting has a long history and profound cultural connotation. The starting point must be accurate, and the starting point is too high, which will make students daunting; If the starting point is low, it is not much different from the Chinese painting learning in the nine-year compulsory stage, so it is difficult to arouse students' interest. The starting point of this course is to accurately grasp the knowledge difficulties of this course and stimulate students' interest in learning. It is forbidden to turn this course into a simple work analysis or technique analysis course, which loses the purpose of exploring Chinese painting from the height of culture and history.

Second, oral teaching methods

Appreciation, guidance, explanation, discussion and the application of teaching media

① Appreciation method: In the teaching process, appreciate the representative Chinese paintings in the brushwork and ink method of this course (such as Liang Kai's "A Fairy Splashing Ink" in Song Dynasty), feel the technical effect and improve the appreciation level. (Note: Appreciation activities accompany the whole art education series)

(2) Guidance method: Teachers guide students how to find relevant materials before class, and guide students how to appreciate Chinese painting, know the tools and materials of Chinese painting, and understand the painting theory, painting history and other relevant materials in the teaching process. (Note: Although students have some autonomous learning, it is necessary to guide them; If the relevant information is found correctly)

(3) Explanations: In the teaching process, explain the questions that students don't understand.

④ Discussion method: Teachers guide students to find relevant materials and discuss in groups before class. If you don't understand the discussion, you can discuss it with the teacher before and after class and learn from each other. In the teaching process, teachers and students can also discuss together to achieve the effect of learning together.

⑤ Use of teaching media: Play Chinese painting tools, works and related materials with slides.

Third, theoretical study.

Go online in advance to find relevant information about Chinese painting and summarize relevant information.

(1) Under the guidance of the teacher, consult the theory and related materials about the creation and techniques of Chinese painting online in advance. And divided into study groups to discuss how to appreciate and learn Chinese painting creation before class.

(2) During the lecture, group discussion and study and flexible application of materials to express their ideas; Let the students show boldly, communicate in various forms, and evaluate their own and others' paintings in oral or written form.

Fourth, talk about teaching procedures.

Introduce new courses:

After last semester's art appreciation, students have a certain appreciation ability. This semester, we will review the painting modules, but painting is not just painting, because in our art study field, it is inseparable from each module to cultivate and improve our appreciation ability. Before learning all kinds of painting techniques, first feel the profoundness of China traditional culture and understand the artistic characteristics of Chinese painting.

(The courseware shows several excellent Chinese paintings) In the 1950s, when Picasso, a master of western painting, saw Zhang Daqian, he said: When it comes to art in this world, first of all, we have art in China; Secondly, Japanese art, of course, Japanese art originated from your China; The third African black has art, note: you can ask questions and teach here. )

Question: Why is this?

Students answer: (omitted) (Here students will answer keywords such as a long history and splendid culture. )

The teacher concluded: Our great motherland is a country with a long history and cultural tradition. It gave birth to the splendid culture of the Chinese nation and made it develop continuously. China's paintings are an important part of China's traditional culture. As descendants of the Chinese people, let us explore the treasure of national culture-Chinese painting with reverence.

(blackboard writing: the treasure of a national cultural country-Chinese painting)

(2) giving lectures

Solving problems (1) National cultural treasures (blackboard writing)

Q: Why is Chinese painting a treasure of national culture? In what ways is Chinese painting unique? (blackboard writing)

(At the same time, the courseware is presented: two western oil paintings are compared with two Chinese paintings)

Students discuss and answer: (omitted) (Students can first answer from the aspects of color tone and the similarity and dissimilarity of painting, and then guide students to answer from the form of expression, so that they can pay attention to the poems, books and seals of Chinese painting)

According to the students' answers, the teacher concluded that the uniqueness of Chinese painting lies in its fusion of poems, books, paintings and seals in China culture, showing a strong cultural heritage.

Solve problems (2) Understand the tool materials of Chinese painting (blackboard writing)

What tools were used to create these works? (At this time, students may answer "Four Treasures of the Study" or "pen and ink". If you answer directly with pen and ink, it can be summarized as Four Treasures of the Study and so on. Flexible question and answer.

Teacher's question: Four Treasures of the Study is very simple for us in China, but do you know the best place?

First, answer by the students. At the same time, the courseware shows the corresponding tools and materials of Chinese painting. Finally, the students make a summary.

Teacher's summary: The "Four Treasures of the Study" used in Chinese painting originally refers to tiger skin, rice paper, Huihei and Duanyan. Huzhou, Zhejiang, the origin of Hu pen; The origin of rice paper is Jingxian County, Anhui Province; Huihei origin: Shexian County, Anhui Province; Duanyan originated in Duan Xi, Gaoyao, Guangdong. (Blackboard writing: Hu Bi, Xuan Paper, Hui Hei, Duan Yan)

The first two parts of the notes are very simple, using short notes. Next, this part is a detailed description of the use of this key color.

Solve the problem (3): What are the unique means of expression of Chinese painting? (blackboard writing)

The courseware shows Kai Liang's Black Fairy Painter and Zhang Daqian's Half-Day Clouds and Rain.

Students ask questions in appreciation: from these two paintings, I can see how the pen and ink are.

Student answer: (omitted) (guide students to understand from the form of expression)

Teacher's summary: rich and changeable brushwork and ink method. (writing on the blackboard) Why is this?

(Students and teachers * * * answer the same question.) Because of the different amount of water, there may be changes in depth: because the amount of water in the pen is wet and dry, and because different parts of the pen are dipped in ink and water, strokes can also be generated, which naturally separates the depth effect. Based on the water permeability of rice paper, it can be washed on ink, washed with water or combined with colored ink to become dripping ink and mixed color ink. The wonderful effect of swaying weather is also the most famous broken ink, broken ink, broken colored ink and so on.

Show some western oil paintings and some Chinese paintings in the courseware: let the students talk about the differences from the form of expression. It is concluded that poetry, calligraphy and painting in Chinese painting are the most basic characteristics different from western oil painting. (Of course, there are many kinds of Chinese and Western paintings now. )

Question: How much do you know about poems, books, paintings and seals in Chinese painting? (blackboard writing)

The teacher concluded that the Chinese nation has been chanting life with wonderful poems since ancient times. Many painters in history are calligraphers and poets, who often use poems to cover up their ideals, ambitions and personality pursuits. For example, Su Shi once praised the present "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". )

How to understand the unique creative concept and aesthetic pursuit of Chinese painting? (blackboard writing)

The courseware shows different kinds of Chinese paintings in different periods. Question: In the process of observation, pay attention to the different forms of Chinese painting in different periods.

First, discuss in groups, and finally choose representatives to answer, and then the teacher summarizes, for example, Chinese painting is the pursuit of form, as Jin people said. "Declaring things is bigger than words, but not good at painting". When he arrived in Dongming, Gu Kaizhi said, "It's amazing to move your mind." . In the Qing dynasty, this view was further developed. Shi Tao believes that in order to "bend the state of things" and achieve the realm of "blending things with me", it is necessary to "go deep into physics". Up to now, Qi Baishi said that painting is "expensive between similarity and dissimilarity, too kitsch, and not like deceiving the world". Because of the different aesthetic pursuits in different periods, there are different forms of expression. There are realistic and freehand brushwork.

(3) Analysis of works

(1) Fuchun plotting? yellow

Yu Chunjuan (partial) Huang (yuan)

Huang (1269— 1354) was born in Changshu, Pingjiang. This is a scroll of paper ink painting, with a length of 33 cm and a width of 639.9 cm. The first half is in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum, and the second half is in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The work depicts the early autumn scenery in Fuchunjiang area, with simple and naive painting style and changeable pen and ink. This painting shows the "scattered perspective" of China's landscape painting, which is completely different from the "fixed perspective" of western painting. The long scroll can be "the scene moves with people, and people move with the scene." If the author and the audience are in the middle of the scene, they can walk and watch. This painting relies on artistic accomplishment and brushwork. The painter began to create this painting at the age of 79, and devoted himself to the real landscape all day long, expressing the author's feelings about nature with simple lines. One of the passages is selected in this book.

3 looking at the spring and listening to the wind chart axis? Tang Yin (Ming)

Tang Yin (1470- 1523) was born in Suzhou. His real name is Bohu and Wei Zi, and his name is Liuru laity. Works, poems, calligraphy and painting, sublime composition. The landscape occupies most of the left side, leaving a large sky in the upper right corner, echoing many scenes in the lower left corner with poetry and calligraphy.

Five: blackboard design. (omitted)