What are the treatment methods for diabetes?

Dietotherapy is a basic treatment measure that any type of diabetes patients must strictly implement and adhere to for a long time.

Total calories: properly controlled, the rest will be given 25~30 kilocalories per kilogram of body weight every day, and heavy manual workers can be given more than 40 kilocalories. Pregnant women, nursing mothers and malnourished people should be increased, while obese people should be reduced.

Nutrient proportion: carbohydrate accounts for 50%~65% of total calories, protein accounts for 15%~20%, and fat accounts for 20%~30%.

The calorie distribution of three meals: breakfast accounts for about 1/5, lunch and dinner account for 2/5 respectively. If hunger is unbearable, you can eat more vegetables (except potatoes) to satisfy your hunger.

(2) oral hypoglycemic agents.

When taking hypoglycemic drugs, we should keep abreast of the decline of blood sugar and adjust the dosage to avoid hypoglycemia.

Sulfonylureas: can promote insulin secretion. It is suitable for mild and moderate patients with normal islet β cell function. These drugs can be selected from thiourea (D860), glibenclamide, Dymecon, Mepida, Tang Shiping, etc.

Biguanides: Suitable for people with mild symptoms and obesity. Optional Jiangtangling, Jiangtangpian (metformin) and so on.

(3) insulin therapy.

The indications are as follows: all patients with type I diabetes;

The effect of type ⅱ patients after diet control and oral drug treatment is not good;

Diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmotic coma and lactic acidosis;

Complicated with serious infection or wasting disease;

Combined with progressive retinopathy, neuropathy, glomerulosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident;

Diabetic patients before and after major surgery;

Diabetes pregnancy, childbirth, etc.