How many kinds of building insulation are there? What is the technological process?

Insulation layer classification: external wall insulation material, wall insulation material, building insulation material, air conditioning insulation material and insulation material.

Technological process of external wall thermal insulation material:

First, the basic practice:

1, smooth the surface to collect light, and spray hydrophobic agent.

2. Polymer mortar is pressed into alkali-resistant glass fiber grid cloth.

3, layered with phase change thermal insulation mortar, layered thickness is not more than 65438+/-05 mm.

4. Interface treatment agent

5. Nail steel wire mesh in key parts of walls made of different materials.

Second, the construction conditions and preparation

1, the masonry of the main external wall has been completed, and the main structure has passed the acceptance of relevant departments (quality supervision station, design institute, construction unit and supervision unit, etc.). ), can be plastered.

2. The mechanical equipment, materials (with factory certificate and retest report) and labor service personnel required for plastering have been put in place.

3, feet, hands, eyes, the place such as oblique bricklaying sealed and build by laying bricks or stones neatly.

4. Nail and hang hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh (￠ 1.2 hole spacing 15) at the critical point of masonry wall and concrete construction.

Third, the construction technology and process

Basic treatment → hanging line labeling → spraying interface agent → construction method of thermal insulation materials (see attached flow chart for details) → maintenance → anti-crack mortar → maintenance → acceptance.

Fourth, technical support measures.

1, grass-roots treatment:

1) Wall treatment: the protruding parts such as window sill coping, window winding and block wall. Can level, and scrape the honeycomb, pits, leaking ribs and loose parts to the real place. Brush the surface with plain cement slurry, and then level it with 1: 3 cement mortar (mixed with 10% building glue), which is slightly lower than the external wall, and clean up impurities such as floating ash and oil stain at the grass-roots level. When the wall is flat and the vertical deviation is large, 1: 3 cement mortar should be used for leveling, and the thickness of cement mortar leveling layer should not exceed 25mm. When the deviation is large, special treatment scheme should be adopted. If mortar leveling is required, the cement mortar leveling layer shall be watered and maintained for not less than 3 days.

External scaffolding and holes are washed with water first, and then fly ash bricks are built at both ends. Mortar should be mixed with waterproof liquid with cement content of 65,438+00%, and the mortar should be full and dense.

3) nail hanging steel wire mesh

Steel wire mesh should be laid and nailed firmly, and the overlap of different wall materials should not be less than100 mm.

2, label, find the law, and make gray cakes.

When plastering, the plastering thickness should be determined from the cornice to the outdoor ground, and signs should be set with phase change insulation materials (mortar). The vertical and horizontal spacing marked shall not be greater than 1.5m, and the walls less than 1.5m shall be set continuously along the vertical edge. The four corners of the window are vertically connected with the two sides and connected with the upper chord of the window on the same side.

3, mechanical shotcrete (interface agent)

After the base course is treated, the slurry of water: interfacial agent = 1: 0.4 is used for mechanical shotcrete, which is stirred evenly (about 2 minutes), sprayed on the block wall and concrete surface by air compressor, and sprayed by sprayer 12 hours for curing until it is hard. It is required that the shotcrete on the external wall is full, and it is not allowed to leak or spray unevenly.

The interface agent used in this project can only be used after field test and confirmation by the project department, the supervisor and Party A. ..

4, heat preservation material construction method

1) Before the construction of phase change composite system, the wall should be wetted 1 ~ 2 days in advance, and the water content should be kept between 10% ~ 15%. The sweating depth of the masonry surface should be 8 ~ 10 mm (check by cutting the wall with a small knife).

2) Preparation of phase change thermal insulation mortar

○ 1 in strict accordance with the product manual or the proportion required by the manufacturer.

2. Do not configure too much each time. When the ambient temperature is lower than 30 degrees, it should be used up within 4 hours after stirring. When the ambient temperature is greater than 30 degrees, it should be used up within 3 hours after mixing, and the sticky mud on the ground should never be used.

3) Apply phase change thermal insulation mortar.

○ 1 phase change thermal insulation mortar can be plastered 15 mm thick at a time, and it should be constructed twice if it exceeds 15mm ... In the last working procedure of construction, it should reach the leveling layer thickness and be leveled with big poles.

2 phase change thermal insulation mortar construction, every time interval should not be less than 36h, after the first hardening, can be the second phase change thermal insulation mortar construction.

○3 If the construction interval between two phase-change thermal insulation mortars is long or the first phase-change thermal insulation mortar has been completely cured and dried, the last solidified phase-change thermal insulation mortar should be sprayed with water before the second phase-change thermal insulation mortar construction.

○4 After the construction of phase change thermal insulation mortar, the thermal insulation layer is cured and dried (press the fixed surface with the palm of your hand, usually for about 3 days, but it must be cured by spraying water before curing), before proceeding to the next procedure.

○5 Intermittent construction of phase change thermal insulation mortar shall be carried out intermittently in natural places. If it is necessary to pause on the continuous wall, a stepped slope stubble shall be formed, and the stubble spacing shall not be less than150 mm. ..

4) Apply anti-crack mortar and press it into the glass fiber net.

○ 1 anti-crack mortar is prepared according to (weight ratio) water: dry powder of anti-crack mortar = 1: 0.4, and stirred with a mortar mixer for 12 minutes. Each preparation shall not be too much, and when the ambient temperature is not lower than 30 degrees, it shall be used up within 3 hours after stirring; When the ambient temperature is greater than 30 degrees, it should be used up within 2 hours after mixing. Landing mud must not be used.

2 The application of anti-crack mortar should be carried out after the phase change thermal insulation mortar hardens.

3. After the first anti-crack mortar construction, press the glass fiber net into the anti-crack mortar immediately, so that the glass fiber net is covered and the outline of the glass fiber net can be seen slightly, and make it flat, dense and wrinkle-free. When the first anti-crack mortar is slightly dry and hard enough to touch, the second anti-crack mortar should be painted, and it is advisable to completely cover the glass fiber mesh.

○4 Coating finish: the thickness of the first anti-crack mortar is 2-3mm, and the thickness of the second anti-crack mortar is 1-2mm.

○5 Brick facing: the thickness of the first anti-crack mortar is 2-3mm, and the thickness of the second anti-crack mortar is 3-4 mm. ..

6 anti-crack mortar should not be rubbed constantly to avoid empty drum.

○7 The corner of yin and yang, doors and windows of the building shall be turned up with glass fiber mesh.

○8 When meeting the mouth of the cave, a 45 oblique standard glass fiber net with a length of 300mm and a width of 200mm should be pasted at the corners of the cave to prevent cracking.

9 In case of overlapping when laying glass fiber mesh, the overlapping length shall be no less than100 mm. ..

○ 10 Intermittent construction of anti-crack mortar should be disconnected in a natural place. If it is necessary to pause on the continuous wall, a stepped slope stubble should be formed, and the stubble spacing should not be less than150 mm.

○ 1 1 After the anti-crack mortar and glass fiber net are laid, they are not allowed to move, and allowed to stand and maintain for not less than 24 hours before the next working procedure can be constructed.

○ 12 Where drainage is needed (such as roof cornice, etc.). ), the eagle's mouth will make it. The beak should be neat and straight, the beak should be low inside and high outside, the beak height should be not less than 20m, and the outside of the balcony overhang and the waistline outside the wall should be leveled with a beak of not less than 20mm.

○ 13 be familiar with the drawings before plastering. Do a good job of plastering between examples first. After the quality inspector of the project department checks that it meets the standard requirements, it can be formally plastered.

○ 14 exterior doors and windows, the lower sill plastering should be connected, the hole position should be consistent, and the window width on the same facade must be kept as a data. The outer windowsill should find a slope of not less than 30mm from the frame edge of the window (120mm wide from the exterior skin), and the outermost side of the outer window (door) hanging plastering should be set with an eagle mouth of not less than 20mm.

15 handling of special parts

When encountering a hole, a standard glass fiber net with a diagonal of 45, a length of 300mm and a width of 200mm should be pasted at the four corners of the hole to prevent cracking. The internal angle, external angle and opening angle of building doors and windows should be covered with a layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh. The unilateral length of the glass fiber mesh at the internal and external angles should not be less than 200mm, and the unilateral length of the window sill should not be less than 150 mm ... Cut the glass fiber mesh in advance between floors, and when applying the phase change thermal insulation mortar, lay the glass fiber mesh vertically, and press the glass fiber mesh into the thermal insulation mortar with a trowel. The lap length shall not be less than 100mm, then press it into one side, and then wipe the thermal insulation mortar into another layer. Dry construction is strictly prohibited. Glass fiber mesh should be fully pressed in, then coated with phase change thermal insulation mortar, leveled and compacted.

16 notes

Construction is strictly prohibited in rainy days; Materials should be stored in a cool place to avoid sun exposure, waterproof and moisture-proof; Empty drums and cracks found during plastering should be repaired in time.

Five, quality requirements and standards:

1, plastering surface of external wall shall be smooth, clean and smooth.

2, plaster layer and between the grassroots and plaster layer must be firmly bonded, plaster layer should be no stratification, empty drum.

3. There should be no cracks.

The division of inspection lot shall meet the following requirements:

4. The wall with the same material, technology and construction method is divided into an inspection lot every 500- 1000㎡, and less than 500㎡ is also an inspection lot.

5, insulation layer construction allowable deviation should comply with the provisions of the table below.

Allowable deviation of insulation layer construction

Inspection method of allowable deviation of project

1 elevation vertical, 3. Check with 2m support plate.

2 smooth surface, 3. Check with 2m guide rule and feeler gauge.

3 The angle of Yin and Yang is vertical. 3 Check with 2m support plate.

4 Yin and Yang Angle founder 3 with 20cm square feet and feeler check.

5 Insulation layer thickness 25 Check with probe and steel rule.

6, glass fiber mesh should be laid tightly, flat, can not have the phenomenon such as fold, warping, exposure, the practice of glass fiber mesh strengthening parts should comply with the design requirements. The lap length of glass fiber mesh must meet the specified requirements.

Six, finished product protection

1. After plastering the wall, before plastering the mortar, shock vibration should be prevented, and after the final set, fouling should be prevented.

2. The completed cement mortar wall must be watered and maintained to prevent cracking and hollowing.

3, Windows and doors hole Yang Angle should strengthen protection, avoid collision.

4, dismantling scaffolding, springboard and high horse stool, should put down gently, and neatly stacked, so as not to damage the door window frame, damage the walls and edges.