Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional virtues - A difficult problem, learn to give directions, thank you.
A difficult problem, learn to give directions, thank you.
Mooncakes usually refer to cakes that people eat in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which are usually round. But now there are all kinds. According to historical records, General Li Jing conquered Xiongnu and returned to China on August 15th. Tang Gaozu took the Hu cake presented by Turpan merchants, smiled and pointed to the moon and said, "Hu cake should invite toads.". In the Northern Song Dynasty, this kind of cake was called "palace cake", which was popular in the court, but also spread to the people. At that time, it was commonly known as "small cake" and "moon group". Later, it evolved into a circle, meaning reunion and beauty. According to Luo Zhong's Notes, on the Mid-Autumn Festival, Tang Xizong ordered the chef and HongLing to send cakes to the new Jinshi. But it wasn't called moon cakes at that time. The word moon cake was first seen in Liang Lumeng by Wu in the Southern Song Dynasty. At that time, moon cakes were diamond-shaped, chrysanthemum cakes and plum cakes coexisted, and they were "available at any time, on call, and did not miss customers". It can be seen that moon cakes at this time are not only eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival. As for the origin of the word moon cake, there is no textual research. However, Su Dongpo, a famous scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, left a poem "Little cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is fullness in the crisp", which may be the origin of the name of moon cakes and the basis of their practice. It is said that eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the broad masses of the people in the Central Plains could not bear the cruel rule of the ruling class in the Yuan Dynasty and rose up against the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang joined forces with various resistance forces to prepare for the uprising. However, the officers and men of the imperial court searched very closely, and it was very difficult to pass on the news. Liu Bowen, a military adviser, came up with a plan and ordered his men to hide the note with the words "Uprising on the 15th of August" in the cake, and then sent people to the uprising troops in different places to inform them to respond to the uprising on the 15th of August. On the day of the uprising, all the rebels responded together, such as a single spark can start a prairie fire. Soon, Xu Da captured the Yuan Dynasty and the uprising was successful. When the news came, Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed and quickly sent a message saying that all the soldiers should have fun with the people in the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival, and they should give the "moon cakes" secretly sent at the time of the war as seasonal cakes to the ministers. Since then, the production of "moon cakes" has become more and more elaborate, and more and more varieties, such as disks, have become the best gifts. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the custom of eating moon cakes spread among the people. Many special Mid-Autumn Festival customs have been formed in some places. There have been many records about moon cakes since the Ming Dynasty. At this time, the moon cakes are round and only eaten in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is the main offering of the popular Mid-Autumn Festival in the Ming Dynasty. "A Brief View of the Imperial Capital" says: "On August 15th, the moon is sacrificed, and the fruit cakes are round." "Home moonlight is located on the moon, worshiping the moon, then burning moonlight paper and withdrawing the supply, and the scattered family is over. Moon cakes bear fruit, and relatives feed them back. The cake is two feet in diameter. Moon cakes symbolize reunion, which should have started in the Ming Dynasty. If we look at the information about moon cakes and Mid-Autumn Festival in the Ming Dynasty, we should be able to see the historical track of moon cake reunion: after the Mid-Autumn Festival, the whole family will sit together and share moon cakes and fruits (offerings of the moon). Because moon cakes are also round and shared by the whole family, it gradually forms the implication that moon cakes represent family reunion.
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