What are the characteristics of labor resources in the 1980s, and what impact do these characteristics have on management?

(A) in the 1980s, labor resources had the following characteristics:

(1) People have gradually become a special resource. The most important resources for enterprise production in the information society are information, knowledge and creativity. Because the only source of these resources is people, people have become more important resources than capital.

(2) The shortage of labor resources, the decrease of population growth rate and the decrease of labor market supply. In order to expand the scale of operation, enterprises need to constantly increase, supplement or update the labor force, which is increasingly difficult to meet.

(3) The education level and income level of workers are constantly improving. With the improvement of education, the pursuit of workers is more extensive, and the improvement of living conditions makes work no longer a simple means of making a living. More and more workers regard work as an important means to realize personal social value and seek the meaning of life in their work.

(b) These characteristics have brought the following changes to human resource management:

(1) Pay attention to the personal development of employees. Enterprises widely adopt on-the-job training, job enrichment and rotation system to promote the knowledge development and ability improvement of employees.

(2) Improve labor organization. The application of new methods such as flexible working system, job sharing system, part-time and discontinuous working system enables employees to have more flexible and free time to deal with personal affairs or pursue further studies.

(3) Organize employees to participate in management and advocate employee self-control by promoting methods such as "management by objectives" and "quality management team".