What are the characteristic dwellings abroad

Papua New Guinea - A-Shaped Thatched Houses (Folk Houses)

Papua New Guinea is a group of coral islands in the southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, with high temperatures, humidity and precipitation, and most of the area is covered by dense rainforest. Local residents divide tribes and villages by totem and families by matrilineal descent. One family, one thatched hut - thatched hut is their home, many thatched huts neatly arranged in a straight line to form the village, the center of the village is the open space for dancing, of course, these dances have a special meaning of celebrations and rituals. A-shaped thatched hut, the height of which can be up to 25 meters, the upper part of which is decorated with abstract patterns, the lower half of which is made of woven straw mats for the walls, and the rear part of which is gradually tilted to reach the ground level, with the roof covered in dense thatching grass. .

Blackfoot Indians in the northern United States -- conical tents, the top of the wooden stick radial into the sky

Blackfoot indigenous Indians living in the northern Great Plains of the United States was originally a tribal cultivation of agriculture, about the 16th century began to get used to the use of hunting rifles to kill the American bison, which completely changed the way of life. Their highly mobile cone-roofed tents were an adaptation to this new way of life. These tents were constructed with a frame made of sticks and covered with bison skins, which made them easy to set up and dismantle, as well as to carry. The shape of the cone provided protection from cold winds and made it easy to smoke. At the top of the cone, the wooden sticks radiate into the sky, which is not only symbolic, but also has aesthetic value. The Blackfoot were known among Native Americans for their valor and bravery, but they were also highly skilled artists. They decorated the exteriors of their tents with a variety of symbolic - often religious - colors and patterns that have been praised by folklorists and modern artists alike.

The Sadan-Telaya People's House, Borneo, Indonesia - saddle-roofed, 10-meter-high, north-facing, with cow horns hanging from the poles

Few dwellings are as impressive as the houses of the Sadan-Telaya people. They have used such dwellings since time immemorial. The Sadan-Telayan people live on the highlands of southern Borneo, cultivating rice and storing it in a slightly smaller barn of the same shape. It has a saddle-shaped roof, probably 10 meters high or even higher, and its shape symbolizes the wild buffalo. They all face north, arranged in order of rank, opposite the barn. The roofs are made of bundled and woven bamboo poles covered with thatch. The interior houses had several levels with thick wooden planks as floors. The lowest level was the livestock pen, which housed the buffalo. This heavy structure is supported by pillars and beams, and the front ramparts are richly decorated with patterns, mainly in 3 colors: red, black and white. The buffalo was sacrificed to heaven as a sacred cow, leaving rows of horns hanging from the pillars, whose number signaled the status of the owner.

Apulia, Italy--Conical Limestone Houses

In the Apulia region of Italy, there is a very unique kind of conical limestone houses, which looks like a small hill, and when connected together, it creates a spectacular landscape. They are built up piece by piece from slate, without the use of any adhesive, but with a special joist system that carefully distributes the forces. Some of them stand directly on the ground, some have square houses underneath, some are independently shaped, and some have several cones joined together. At the top of the cones there is usually a guide cone closure, decorated with leaf tips such as small round balls or crosses. The height of the cone is determined by the importance of the house, the more important the house the higher the top of the cone. The chimney is located in one corner of the house, and the walls of the house and the chimney, as well as the top of the cone, are painted white to contrast with the blue sky. This type of house has been in existence since ancient times, but it was not until the 17th century that it was finally finalized.

Turkey Cappadocia - Volcanic Ash Homes

Cappadocia is an ancient region of Asia Minor, located in what is today east-central Turkey. It was once a territory of the Persian Empire and was annexed by the Roman Empire in the 1st century AD. There were once frequent volcanic eruptions here, and now these volcanoes are mostly silent. Large amounts of volcanic ash were cooled and deposited into soft rock, in which people dug or enlarged caves for their houses. In the 7th century B.C., about 30,000 people lived here, most of them religious, so the chapels and monasteries were located in these pigeon-hole-like caves. Many people still live in these caves today. Fireplaces, furniture, etc. are dug right out of the rock. The caves vary in height, some reaching up to 16 stories, and rope ladders are often needed to reach the upper floors.

Northern Syria - the honeycomb house (straw and clay)

The honeycomb house, which exists in northern Syria, is a very old form of housing, probably 8,000 years old. It is made of sun-dried earth bricks piled up to form rounded walls, and the surface is coated with a filler mixture of grass poles and mud, which looks like a nest. A large number of such houses arranged in this way presents a very peculiar and spectacular sight. The walls of each house are left with a number of small holes regularly distributed for ventilation and light. In addition there are stones embedded in the walls at different heights to serve as pivots for easy climbing when repairing the house. Nowadays, with the input of modern technology, many beehive houses are also released to change, and square houses are stacked underneath the beehive, which becomes the roof of the house of a special shape.

Hausa, Nigeria - Hausa Habitat with ornate, green facade

The Hausa are a predominantly Islamic people living in northern Nigeria and southern Niger. Their raw earth dwellings have a very ornate facade. The door is on the left side of the facade, which is slightly elevated partly above the wall and is carved with various symbolic motifs. Some of these motifs have religious significance, such as denoting the endless universe, while others show the status of the owner. The motifs are painted with green stucco to enhance the effect. The house is surrounded by a square wall, and inside are several monolithic buildings with only one room. The flat roofs were made of palm trunks tightly meshed together and covered with straw mats and mud. Minarets, symbols of Islam, were erected in the corners of the courtyard. On either side of the entrance there are two platforms where guests are received. Guests are rarely introduced into the interior of the mansion, which is a very unique custom.

Africa Cameroon - parabolic dome house with a mixture of clay and grass poles

There are many forms of dwellings built of clay in the vast continent of Africa. Among these dwellings, the parabolic round roof of the Maus Clam people of Cameroon is unique. It looks like half an eggshell and is constructed entirely of clay mixed with straw poles, with no supports employed. The curved surface has many hidden projections, which are not only aesthetically pleasing, but also make it easy to climb up to maintain the roof. The oddly shaped door of the roof symbolizes the female reproductive organ. The conical top provides ventilation and smoke outlets, which are plugged when the rainy season arrives. Several houses are linked together by low walls to form a single unit, which is used for sleeping, cooking and storage purposes. The original form of the dome house was very large, about 10 meters high and 7 meters in diameter, but after the 1950s the size of the newly built dome house was gradually reduced, and now due to the intrusion of the modern way of life almost no one builds it anymore.