The Name of Oroqen Residence

Name of Oroqen Yuan Dynasty, the Oroqen people are called "people in the forest" and "wild people in the northern mountains", the distribution is very wide, in the jurisdiction of Liaoyang province. Ming Dynasty, north of the Heilongjiang River, there is a "deer to enter and exit" of the "northern mountain savages", that is, hunting in the east of Lake Baikal, north of the Heilongjiang River, "the deer department", that is, Oroqen people. In the early Qing Dynasty, Oroqen people were called "tree people". Oroqen this clan name, in April 28, 1640 (Shung Tak five years in March ugly) is to "Russia Ertun" appeared. 1683 (Kangxi twenty-two years), after the literature many times "Russia Luochun", " Orochun", "Orochun", "Orochun" and other different ways of writing. From 1690 (Kangxi twenty-ninth year) October, "Oroqen" as a unified clan name fixed. "Oroqen" is the name of the ethnic group, that is, "people who use reindeer". In addition, the pronunciation of "Oroon" is the same as the pronunciation of reindeer (oron), (cho) is an additional component that indicates people, the two together as (oroncho), that is, "Oroonchun", the Chinese is the meaning of "playing reindeer Oroqen", which means "deer hunting" in Chinese. According to the different living areas, there are different names within Oroqen people. For example, Oroqen people living in Huma River Basin call themselves Kumar Chien; Oroqen people living in Sunker County and Jiayin County by the river call themselves Bila Chien; Oroqen people living in Gan River Basin call themselves Gan Chien; Oroqen people living in Tuo River Basin call themselves Tuo Chien, etc. For example, the name "Kumar Chien" means "deer-playing people" in Chinese. For example, "Kumar" in Kumar Chien means place, and "Chien" means the additional component of people, which means people of a certain place.

Oroqen Customs Oroqen etiquette is centered on respect for the elderly. The main etiquette is to bend the knee and kowtow. When the late generation meets the elders, they have to use the "please" salute, and when they meet the peers, they have to greet each other with the "please" salute. The kowtow ceremony is performed on solemn occasions such as praying to God and offering to ancestors, weddings and funerals, festivals and so on. Oroqen people respect the old people and elders very much. The younger generation should be respectful in front of the elders, and behave appropriately. Before going out and after coming back, they have to greet their elders. When they go out or hunt and meet elders, they dismount from their horses in a place far away from each other and welcome them on foot to greet them, and they can only ride their horses on the road after elders have passed. Oroqen people are hospitable, treating people with sincerity and hospitality. When it is late, they will leave guests to stay. There is a difference between men and women in Oroqen tribe, male guests can not sit in the berths of daughters-in-law and girls, and female guests can not sit in the berths of men. Oroqen people have the etiquette of visiting each other in each family. The taboos of Oroqen people are mainly production taboos, women's taboos, life taboos, nature taboos, animal taboos and so on. For example, before hunting, they can not say how many preys they can get, otherwise they can not get anything; women are not allowed to sit on "Malu"; women are not allowed to spread bearskin; bears can not be called bears, but called "Tai Tai"; they can not pound fire with knives or iron tools, otherwise they offend the fire god; young people can not call the elders by their names. The young people can't call the elders by their names and so on. There are not many traditional festivals of Oroqen people, only Spring Festival, "Mokun" meeting of clans and religious activity "Ominaren", and bonfire festival. The main festival is Lunar New Year. In modern times, the social organization structure of Oroqen people has undergone fundamental changes, and religious beliefs have faded out of Oroqen people's thinking, and "Mokun" Assembly and "Ominaren" have been replaced by Bonfire Festival. Oroqen people are influenced by other nationalities and also celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, New Year and other festivals. Spring Festival is a happy day for Oroqen people to celebrate the hunting harvest, old and new, so Oroqen people attach great importance to Spring Festival. June 18th every year is the traditional festival of Oroqen people - Bonfire Festival. On this day, Oroqen people will light bonfire, sing and dance to celebrate their own national festival. In the past, the diet of Oroqen people was mainly based on animal meat, supplemented by fish and wild vegetables, and then rice and noodles were introduced. Oroqen people like to eat roe deer, deer, jail, wild boar, bear meat, but also eat small animals and birds of prey meat. The practices mainly include boiled handlebar meat, roasted meat, barbecued meat, stewed meat soup, sun-dried meat, mixed cauliflower, dunked serum, bone marrow oil, raw roe deer liver and cashews and so on. Rice and noodle dishes mainly include noodles, oil noodles, pancakes, burnt noodles, noodle soup, fried noodles in oil, meat porridge, thick plum porridge, sticky rice and so on. Oroqen language called oil noodles as "Tu Hu Lie", the rolled out face piece by piece into the boiling white water, fished out and mixed with cooked meat, salt, wild chives and other condiments, poured into the heated wild boar oil or bear oil, mixing well and then eaten. Thick plum porridge is a special way to eat Oroqen people, put thick plums into the porridge to cook, burst open pink can be eaten, colorful and beautiful taste. Oroqen people like to drink schizandra soup and birch juice. In the spring of every year in May and June, in the birch tree root cut a small mouth, birch sap will gush out, clear and transparent, sweet and delicious. Oroqen people also drink a kind of birch sap called "Dirguse", stripping off the outer bark of birch tree and gently scraping off the milky white sticky sap on the trunk with a hunting knife, which is sweet and refreshing in taste. Oroqen people are mainly buried in wind burial (also called tree burial), earth burial and cremation, and also practiced the second burial after tree burial. Young people and pregnant women with acute illnesses are cremated. After the death of a person, dressed in good clothes, head north and feet south placed in the original residence of the "Shiaorenzhu" within the paper (in the past, also used birch bark, animal skin, etc.) masked face, which means that the soul is sticking to the paper as soon as possible to the king of Yanluo place. Hold a series of mourning ceremonies before the funeral. Before the funeral, a hill with water is chosen as the cemetery. The coffin is escorted by relatives and close friends. If the deceased had many children, a shaman is asked to send the soul to stop the spirit of the deceased from endangering the children. The family of the deceased tie a straw man, tie many lines on the straw man, the children each lead a line, prayed by the shaman, and finally the shaman with a sacred stick to break the line, will throw the straw man, it is believed that the soul of the deceased far away. Oroqen people have the custom of burying the dead on horseback, and also can pack the clothes and harness of the dead on the horse, and circle around the burial place to show the martyrdom of the horse. Oroqen people also want to hold a grand anniversary of the sacrifice .

Oroqen people have those customs and manners

The manners of Oroqen people are centered on respecting the old. The main etiquette is to bow down and kowtow. When the younger generation meets their elders, they have to use the "please greet" salute, and when the younger generation meets their elders, they have to greet each other with the "please greet" salute. The kowtow ceremony is performed on solemn occasions such as praying to God and offering to ancestors, weddings and funerals, festivals and so on. Oroqen people respect the old people and elders very much. The younger generation should be respectful in front of the elders, and behave appropriately. Before going out and after coming back, they have to greet their elders. When they go out or hunt and meet elders, they dismount from their horses in a place far away from each other and welcome them on foot to greet them, and they can only ride their horses on the road after elders have passed. Oroqen people are hospitable, treating people with sincerity and hospitality. When it is late, they will leave guests to stay. There is a difference between men and women in Oroqen tribe, male guests can not sit in the berths of daughters-in-law and girls, and female guests can not sit in the berths of men. Oroqen people have the etiquette of visiting each other in each family[1] .

The taboos of Oroqen people are mainly production taboos, women's taboos, life taboos, nature taboos, animal taboos and so on. For example, before hunting, we can't say how many preys we can get, otherwise we can't get anything; women are not allowed to sit on "Malu"; women are not allowed to lay bear skin; we can't say bear to bear, but we say "Tai Tai"; we can't pound the fire with knives or iron tools, otherwise we can violate the god of fire; young people can't call the elders by their names, and so on. The young people should not call the elders by their first names, etc.[1] .

Marriage

Oroqen traditional marriage arranged by parents, the implementation of monogamous marriage outside the clan, but also the implementation of indirect staggered from the table marriage, through the process of courtship, recognition of kinship, over the bride price and marriage, the bride price of horses. Intra-clan marriage or sexual behavior is strictly prohibited. Marriage between a man and a woman is mostly proposed by the male party to the matchmaker, usually three times to become, the third time is especially critical. The third time is especially critical. After the proposal is made, the date for recognizing the marriage and the bride price is agreed upon. On the day of the marriage, the man stays at the woman's house for 20 days to a month. The woman has to dress the future groom in new clothes trimmed with black leather and a red cloth kangshi (embroidered with cloud patterns on the back and shoulders), and the future bride has to wear her hair in two braids wrapped around her head, which is a sign of engagement. On the day of the wedding, the groom and his partners enter the woman's residence in the form of a horse race, and after a series of ceremonies, the groom stays at the bride's house that night. The next day the bride is received at the groom's residence. The groom's hat carries an ermine tail and four embroidered ribbons, the bride wears ornaments on her head, both men and women wear hunting knives, and the bride's head is covered with a flowery cloth when she worships heaven and earth. The present form of marriage is basically the same as that of the Han Chinese[1] .

Festivals

The Oroqen do not have many traditional festivals, only the Spring Festival, the clan's "Mokun" assembly and religious activities "Ominaren", and the bonfire festival. The main festival is the Lunar New Year[6].

In modern times, the social organization of Oroqen people has undergone fundamental changes, and religious beliefs have faded out of Oroqen people's thinking, and "Mokun" Assembly and "Ominaren" have been replaced by Bonfire Festival. Oroqen people are influenced by other nationalities and also celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, New Year and other festivals. The Spring Festival is a happy day for Oroqen people to celebrate the hunting harvest and to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, so Oroqen people attach great importance to the Spring Festival[6] .

June 18 every year is the traditional festival of Oroqen people - Bonfire Festival. On this day, Oroqen people will light bonfires, sing and dance to celebrate their own ethnic festivals[6] .

Diet

In the past, the Oroqen people's diet is based on animal meat, supplemented by fish and wild vegetables, and then rice and noodles were introduced. Oroqen people like to eat roe deer, deer, jail, wild boar, bear meat, but also eat small animals and birds of prey meat. The practices mainly include boiled handlebar meat, roasted meat, barbecued meat, stewed meat soup, sun-dried meat, mixed cauliflower, dunked serum, bone marrow oil, raw roe deer liver and cashews and so on. Rice and noodle dishes mainly include noodles, oil noodles, pancakes, burnt noodles, noodle soup, fried noodles in oil, meat porridge, thick plum porridge, sticky rice and so on. Oroqen language called oil noodles as "Tu Hu Lie", the rolled out face piece by piece into the boiling white water, fished out and mixed with sliced cooked meat, salt, wild leeks and other condiments, poured into the heated wild boar oil or bear oil, mixing well and then eaten. Thick plum porridge is a special way of eating Oroqen people, put thick plums into the porridge to cook, burst open pink can be eaten, colorful and tasty[1] .

Oroqen people like to drink schizandra soup and birch juice. Every spring in May and June, in the birch tree root cut a small mouth, birch sap will come out, clear and transparent, sweet and delicious. Oroqen people also drink a kind of birch syrup called "Diergusi", the birch bark off, with a hunting knife in the trunk gently scraped off the milky white sticky sap, its taste sweet and refreshing[1] .

Burial Customs

The Oroqen people's burial style mainly includes wind burial (also known as tree burial), earth burial and cremation, and also practiced the second burial of tree burial and earth burial. Young people and pregnant women with acute illnesses are cremated. After the death of a person, wearing good clothes, head north and feet south placed in the original residence of the "Shiaorenzhu" inside the paper (in the past also used birch ......). >>

The history of Oroqen In 1640, the Qing Dynasty *** will be "Solon Department" is divided into eight cattle record (ZuoLiang), Oroqen people for the Solon Department of a part. Kangxi eight years (1669), in the Ningguta General under the set up Buteha (playing livestock tribes) eight banners, management in the upper and middle reaches of the Heilongjiang Oroqen, Ewenke, Daur and other ethnic groups. 1683 (Kangxi twenty-two years), from the original jurisdiction of Jilin, Heilongjiang, Ningguta generals analyzed the Heilongjiang General. Under the general of Heilongjiang, there are eight cities, which are governed by the officials such as vice president and general manager. For the management of Oroqen, it is divided into "Moling A Oroqen" (Oroqen on horseback) and "Yafahan Oroqen" (Oroqen on foot) two parts. Those who were organized into the eight banners of Buteha (playing animals) "to be filled with soldiers" were called "Moling Oroqen", and those who were not organized into the eight banners of Buteha "to hunt the mountains and serves only to be served by sables" were called "Yafahan Oroqen". "Yafahan Oroqen". The latter set up five road eight zuo, each zuo set Oroqen zuo leader a person, every year to send the name of the "versatile da" people to the local collection of sable .17th century, the tsarist russian invasion of China's heilongjiang river basin. 1665 (kang xi four years), the tsarist russian invasion of the north bank of the upper heilongjiang river city of yaxa, burned and looted the local residents. 1685 (), the tsarist Russia in the north bank of the upper heilongjiang river city of yaxa. Kangxi twenty-four years), in the Qing army second recapture of the city of yaksa in the battle, there are 565 Oroqen soldiers to participate in the battle, the battle of yaksa made a contribution to the victory. 1732 (yongzheng ten years), the Qing *** draws Oroqen soldiers 259, together with the daheur and other ethnic groups of soldiers **** 3,000 people organized into eight banners, set up in hulunbeier's ji lama tai estuary city stationed in the defense, patrolling the borders, the border defense. In 1900 (Guangxu 26 years), the tsarist Russian invasion, will I Jiangdong 64 Tun people of all ethnic groups driven to the river and shot. Kumar Road, Shou Lian led Oroqen horse officers and soldiers 500 people fought against the invaders. On April 7, 1951, the Central People's *** State Council approved the establishment of Oroqen Banner, Oroqen people got the right of regional ethnic autonomy, autonomous management of internal affairs of their own ethnic groups in the region. on May 31, 1952, "Oroqen Banner" was changed to Oroqen Autonomous Banner. in 1957, Heilongjiang Province set up the eighteen stations of Huma County, Aihui County, Xinsheng County, Xunchun County, and the other eight stations of Oroqen County, and the other eight stations of Oroqen County were established.

What is the meaning of Oroqen? "Oroqen" is the self-proclaimed name of the nation, is "people on the mountain" meaning, but also interpreted as "reindeer people". Most of them live in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. Some people call the Oroqen people on horseback nation, they are indeed fine riding good shooting nation, generations in the big and small Hinggan Mountains in the forest to hunt for a living. In the early years, they had no fixed residence and lived a nomadic life. Before the liberation, although the private ownership system was established, Oroqen people still kept the remnants of primitive commune. Oroqen national commune called "Mukun", is the same patriarchal lineage people's **** the same body. "Mu Kun" is Oroqen language, that is, "brothers" or "the same name" means. "Mukun" has each "Ulleng" composition, "Ulleng" is the Oroqen language, that is, "children and grandchildren" meaning, refers to the same patriarchal lineage of the same The word "wulileng" is an Oroqen word meaning "children and grandchildren", referring to the children and grandchildren of the same father. A "Ulileng" is a patrilineal family composed of several or dozens of "Xialinzhu". "Shirenzhu", similar to the American Indians' Lodge and Tent dwelling, is very suitable for the hunting life of the residence. It is made of pine or birch bracket, covered with birch bark, winter with animal skins around the cover, the bottom diameter of about seven or eight meters, five or six meters high, the ground in the middle of the bonfire, you can cook, warmth and lighting. After the establishment of new China, the party and *** care about the life of Oroqen people, build new houses for them in the place of mountains and rivers, and invite them to come down from the mountains of diaspora. 1953, the Oroqen people realized the settlement, and one step across the millennium, and ended the life of primitive society. Oroqen is one of the 11 ethnic minorities in China who entered the socialist society directly from the end of primitive society.

Newborn Township of Aigun District, Heihe City is located in the beautiful Lalbin River, which is a place where Oroqen people live. The unique ethnic customs attract more and more travelers, who come here to visit, investigate, explore and pick up the wind in an endless stream. In recent years, townships, districts, cities at all levels *** have attached great importance to the development of Oroqen ethnic tourism, provincial and municipal tourism departments will be the newborn Oroqen Ethnic Township identified as a key line of folk customs tour.

What is the difference between Ewenki and Oroqen? "Oroqen" is the self-proclaimed name of the nation, "people on the mountain" meaning, but also interpreted as "people who use reindeer". Most of them live in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. Some people call the Oroqen people on horseback nation, they are indeed fine riding good shooting nation, generations in the big and small Hinggan Mountains in the forest to hunt for a living. In the early years, they had no fixed residence and lived a nomadic life. Before the liberation, although the private ownership system was established, Oroqen people still kept the remnants of primitive commune. Oroqen national commune called "Mukun", is the same patriarchal lineage people's **** the same body. "Mu Kun" is Oroqen language, that is, "brothers" or "the same name" means. "Mukun" has each "Ulleng" composition, "Ulleng" is the Oroqen language, that is, "children and grandchildren" meaning, referring to the same patriarchal lineage of the same The word "wulileng" is an Oroqen word meaning "children and grandchildren", referring to the children and grandchildren of the same father. A "Ulileng" is a patrilineal family composed of several or dozens of "Xialinzhu". The "Shirenju", similar to the American Indian's Lodge and Tent dwelling, is a very suitable place to live for the hunting life. It is made of pine or birch bracket, covered with birch bark, winter with animal skins around the cover, the bottom diameter of about seven or eight meters, five or six meters high, the ground in the middle of the bonfire, you can cook, warmth and lighting. After the establishment of new China, the party and *** care about the life of Oroqen people, build new houses for them in the place of mountains and rivers, invite them down from the scattered mountains. 1953, Oroqen people realized the settlement, one step across the millennium, ending the primitive social life. Oroqen is one of the 11 ethnic minorities in China that have directly entered the socialist society from the end of primitive society.　　Xinsheng Township, Aigun District, Heihe City, is situated on the bank of the beautiful Lalbin River, where Oroqen people live. The unique ethnic customs attract more and more travelers, who come here to visit, investigate, explore and pick up the wind. In recent years, the township, district, city levels *** have attached great importance to the development of Oroqen ethnic tourism, provincial and municipal tourism departments will be the newborn Oroqen Ethnic Township identified as a key line of folk customs tour. Historically, the Ewenki residents living in different places were called "Solon", "Tungus", "Yakutia", etc. In 1957, according to the will of the nation, the unification of the national The name is Ewenke. "Ewenke" is the self-proclaimed name of the ethnic group, meaning "people living in the big mountains and forests". They are mainly distributed in Ewenke Autonomous Banner, Chenbalhu Banner, Buteha Banner, Arong Banner, Erguna Left Banner, Molidaawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Oroqen Autonomous Banner of Hulunbeier League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Nehe County of Heilongjiang Province. The population is small but widely distributed, mostly intermingled with Mongolian, Daur, Han and Oroqen ethnic groups. Ewenke Autonomous Banner is the main settlement area of Ewenke Autonomous Banner, which belongs to the west slope and grassland of Daxinganling. According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, the population of Ewenki is 30505, and they use Ewenki language, which belongs to the Tungus branch of the Manchu-Tungus language family of the Altaic language family, and it is divided into three dialects, namely, Hailar, Chenbahu, and Ooluguya. There is no national script. Mongolian and Mongolian language are common in the pastoral area, and Chinese and Chinese language are common in the agricultural area and mountainous area.　　Ewenki people are named according to reindeer and their life is inseparable from reindeer.　　According to the archaeology and human research, as early as 2000 BC, i.e. the era of copper and stone tools, the ancestors of Ewenki people lived in Trans-Baikal and the areas along the Lake Baikal. The skulls with physical characteristics of the Ewenki people were found in the caves of the Shilka River in Heilongjiang, Qiyou, and together with the skulls, the unique culture and decorations of the Baikal Lake were also found. It conforms to the legend of Ewenki people. According to the legend, the ancestors of the Ewenki people lived on the Lena River and Lake "Rama" (i.e. Lake Baikal). Another legend says that their hometown is in the upper part of Heilongjiang River. Anyway, Ewenki people live in the mountains and forests east of Lake Baikal and upstream of Heilongjiang River, using bows and arrows, and engaging in hunting and fishing. Food was eaten with fire, or stones were burned hot and put into a leather birch barrel containing water to cook meat. Fire was made by striking two stones to make sparks, and birch bark fibers were used to start the fire. They lived in a birch-bark house called "Shiroko". At that time, they were in a matriarchal clan society. The origin of their clan can be traced back to the tribes which have the relationship of geography, custom and Ewenki in the various departments of Room Wei in the Northern Dynasty and Sui-Tang Dynasty, especially the ''Northern Room Wei" and "Bow Room Wei", "Shamunyushuwei", and "Ju" tribe that made deer in the tundra forest area in the northeast of Lake Baikal in Tang Dynasty. Later, they developed to the east, one of them came to the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River Yaksa (now Russia's Arbazin) area, the Ming Dynasty documents described in the "deer in and out of" the "northern mountain savages", generally believed that the Ewenki and Oroqen people's direct ancestors. Qing Dynasty literature in the "Solon Department", broadly speaking, including da ...... >>

Please write three minority groups in China's residential customs Oroqen residence "immortal live" is a creation of the hunting culture. "Immortal column" in the shape of a half-open umbrella, by more than 30 tree poles tower into the summer covered with birch skin, winter covered with animal skin, can be quickly into the tower, can be dismantled at any time. "In the center of the "Immortal Pillar" there is a bonfire burning all day long, which is used to cook food and keep warm.

The Dong nationality is good at construction. The architectural art of Dong villages such as drum towers and wind and rain bridges, which are exquisite in structure and diverse in form, are representative. In the Dong villages of Guizhou and Guangxi, there are many famous wind and rain bridge drum towers and wind and rain bridges. Because the bridge is built on the porch and pavilion, both viable, but also to avoid the wind and rain, so called wind and rain bridge.

The urban Tatar residents live in flat-roofed houses, the walls are generally very thick, inside the painted lime, some also hanging tapestries. Since the courtyard of the residence, the courtyard more planted flowers and trees, arranged as a small garden. Pastoral areas of the Tatar people live by water and grass, more tents.

In the layout of the premises and interior furnishings, unique courtyard. Courtyard planted with a variety of fruit trees and flowers, the environment is quiet, like a small garden. The walls of the house are relatively thick, so as to install fire walls or tin fireplaces for winter heating needs. In addition to housing, there are guest rooms, kitchens and storage rooms. Parents lived separately from their children. The houses were spacious and bright, with a living room. The walls are painted in plain colors, tapestries are hung, and the floor is carpeted. The interior is furnished with various European-style furniture, which looks elegant and luxurious. The Tatars in the pastoral area are adapted to the nomadic life and all live in tents.

The general content of Oroqen living habits Hello friend! Oroqen material life is very characteristic. In addition to eating meat, clothing and skin, the past residence "immortal residence" is also a creation of hunting culture. The "Immortal Pillar" is like a half-open umbrella, which is made of more than 30 tree poles, covered with birch skin in summer and animal skin in winter, and can be quickly built and dismantled at any time. "Immortal Pillar" entry opposite the top and left and right sides, designed for people to sit and lie down, but there are strict rules. "In the center of the Pillar of the Immortals, a bonfire burns all day long, which is used to cook food and keep warm. Behind the "immortal pillar" hanging on the pole of the birch box containing the elephant, generally not allowed to women to touch.

Oroqen basically monogamous marriage. The Oroqen people basically practiced monogamous marriages. Strict exogamous marriages were practiced, and most of the members of the clans that intermarried with each other were close to each other. The status of men and women in the family is not too different, but the right to inherit property generally belongs to men. A family with two generations of people *** living more, if the population is too large, often the eldest son after marriage in the parents near the residence of another "immortal pillar". Women are not allowed to give birth in the original "Immortal Pillar", must be set up far away from the maternity ward, men are not allowed to enter close to the full moon before returning home. In the past, people were usually buried in the sky after death (i.e., wind burial). The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money to pay for it.

Oroqen women's specialty is to give the hunter to make "Mita-ha" (roe deer head hat). This hat is a whole roe deer head, remove the flesh and bones, retaining the roe deer head hair, horns, ears, nose and mouth, carefully tanned and become. Wearing this kind of hat can tempt the prey. Oroqen people seat forest, walk forest, eat forest, wear forest. Clothing, food, housing and transportation all come from the gift of the big forest.

Since the Oroqen people moved to the south bank of the Heilongjiang River, the horse is the main means of transportation. 1900 Oroqen horse team had given the invasion of the Tsarist Russian invasion forces to deal a heavy blow. In summer, birch skin boats were used as transportation in the river. Now Oroqen people live in the area has been through the train, car, transportation is more convenient.