Excavation process of mawangdui Han tomb

The excavation process of Mawangdui Han Tomb is as follows:

1, preliminary exploration:

195 1 winter, archaeologist Xia Nai came to Changsha for archaeological investigation, and found two connected burial tombs in Wulipai, the eastern suburb of Changsha. According to his profound archaeological knowledge, he judged that they were tombs of the Han Dynasty.

1952, the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences and the Hunan Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee jointly investigated this mound and confirmed that it was a large-scale Han Dynasty tomb group. 196 1 year, Hunan provincial government designated it as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit, and set up protection signs, but did not excavate it.

2, excavation process:

19711February 30th, relevant archaeologists submitted reports and applications to the State Council, hoping to formally excavate Mawangdui. 197265438+1October 14, the State Council issued a reply. 1972 65438+ 10, the archaeological team officially excavated the mysterious ancient tomb, and the results showed that the ancient tomb was 20 meters long from north to south and 17 meters long from east to west, belonging to a large ancient tomb.

3. Tomb No.1:

197165438+In February, the 366 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, which is adjacent to Mawangdui, built war preparedness fortifications, in which the overall direction of air-raid shelter excavation was towards Mawangdui, which directly led to the collective strike of workers after they found "ghost fire" in the construction process. The construction party immediately inquired about the situation from Hunan Provincial Museum.

4. Tomb No.2 and Tomb No.3:

1September, 973, the State Council approved to continue the excavation of Mawangdui Tomb 2 and Tomb 3. 165438+1October 18, and the excavation of tombs No.2 and No.3 officially started. 65438+February 65438+April 4, Tomb No.3 was first cleaned, and a large number of silk books unearthed were the most valuable cultural relics in this tomb. The three coffins in this tomb have all cracked, and the clothes covering the body are badly rotted, leaving only the bones of the body.

Extended data:

Coffin structure:

The coffins of Tomb No.1 and Tomb No.3 are quite complete, with roughly the same structure, but slightly different scales. The big room and four-story cover of Tomb No.1 are made by buttons, bundles and nails, and the wood is about 52 cubic meters. The dormitory is made of heavy pine boards, 6.73 meters long, 4.9 meters wide and 2.8 meters high. It has a lower cushion and two floors.

Then it has four walls and four partitions to form a central coffin. The side box covers the roof and two lids. The fourth floor cover is made of eucalyptus wood and the inner wall is painted. The appearance is different. The outer black paint is the largest, with a length of 2.95 meters, a width of 1.5 meters and a height of 1.44 meters, without other decorations. On the second floor is a black painted coffin decorated with complex and changeable moire patterns and monsters and animals of various shapes.

The third floor was painted by Zhu Dicai, decorated with auspicious patterns such as dragon, tiger, suzaku and immortals. The fourth floor is the interior decoration of the corpse. Cover it, add two bundles, and then paste the feathers embroidered with velvet brocade. There is a beam on the south side of the dormitory of Tomb 3.

The case has three floors, and the outer coffin and the middle coffin are painted with melanin paint without other decorations. The coffin inside was covered with embroidery and velvet garlands. Judging from the remaining relics, the structure of Tomb No.2 is different from that of Tomb No.1 and Tomb No.3. ..

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mawangdui Han Tomb (Mawangdui Western Han Tomb in Changsha)