What are the characteristics of property relations?

The characteristics of property relations are:

(1) emphasizing the unofficial nature of the identity of the parties, which is decidedly different from the transfers, confiscations, taxes, fines, etc., which take place between superior and subordinate or with the state, and this kind of property relations of a subservient nature is not adjusted by the civil law;

(2) can be disposed of, and the resources which can not be disposed of, e.g., the sun, moon, and stars, and the storms of the air currents, etc. cannot be treated as property;

(3) material elements of the person cannot be treated as property, e.g., human organs, blood, etc. cannot be treated as property.

The property relations between equal subjects can be divided into two categories: dominant and fluid. The dominant property relations express the state of property under the control of whom, answering the question of "whose" or "by whom" the property is utilized. In the dominant property relations, the domination of the object, the civil law is called property relations; the domination of intellectual achievements, the civil law is called intellectual property rights. Transitional property relations reflect the property relations in the exchange of goods, the expression of property in the transaction that is the property due to the sale, lease, loan, contract and other behavior and the transfer of the state. The flow of property relations in civil law is called the relationship of debt.

Property can also distinguish between positive and negative property, the former refers to property rights, intellectual property rights and claims, etc., negative property refers only to debt.