Modesty and respect for common sense in ancient culture

1. Modest words and honorifics commonly used in ancient times

I. Modesty

1. "Family": Call yourself an elder or an elderly relative to others. There are: my father (Jia Yan, Jia Jun, Jia Zun), my mother (Jia Ci), my uncle, my brother and my sister.

2. "She" word family: Call yourself a junior or a relative younger than yourself to others. (Some people summed it up as "big house and small order outsiders". The word "Ling's home" is described in the topic of "honorific words"), including: my brother, sister, nephew, relatives (humbly calling her relatives) and room/house (humbly calling her home).

3. "Small" word family: address yourself or people or things related to yourself humbly. Such as: younger brother (men call themselves modestly among friends or acquaintances), children (their own sons), younger daughters (their own daughters), villains, Xiaoke (people with low status call themselves modestly), Xiao Sheng (young scholars call themselves), small shops (their own shops) and little old children (old people call themselves).

4. "Old" word family: used for the elderly to humbly address themselves or people or things related to them. There are mainly: old (old men call themselves modest), old (old women call themselves modest), old (old monks call themselves modest, such as "old beggars" and "old beggars"), old (old nuns call themselves modest), old (old people point to their faces) and old (falsely call themselves uneducated).

5. "Stupid" word family: used for your own modesty. Such as: silly brother (calling himself younger than himself), my humble opinion (calling himself an opinion).

6. The "humble" word family: humble works, humble works (referring to their own articles and works), humble pens (referring to their own words and calligraphy), humble opinions (the same as "humble opinions") and humble jing (referring to their own wives).

Two. salute

1. Family "Ling" word: used for relatives of the other party or people related to the other party. Such as: your father, your mother, your son, your love,

Your brother, your brother, your sister, your sister, your nephew, your husband and your wife.

2. "White" word family: used for one's own behavior and actions involving the other party. Such as: visiting (visiting each other), saying goodbye (staying with each other), visiting (visiting each other), reading (reading each other's articles), inviting (entrusting each other to do things), getting acquainted (getting acquainted), congratulating (congratulating each other), and admiring (admiring each other).

3. "Wind" word family: the usage is the same as above. Common ones are: telling (telling), persuading (advising), returning (returning), accompanying (accompanying), sending (giving), entrusting (asking), reaching (telling) and replying (replying). The latter two are mostly used for letters.

4. "Gong" word family: treat each other with courtesy. Commonly used are: congratulations (respectful congratulations), respectful invitations (respectful invitations), waiting (respectful waiting), greetings (respectful greetings), and congratulations (congratulations on each other's happy event).

5. "Gui" word family: refers to things related to each other. Such as: Gui Gan (ask people what to do), Gui Geng (ask people's age), Gui surname (ask people's surname), Gui disease (politely call each other's illness), your son (call each other's Sadizi), your country (the other country) and your school (the other school).

6. "Gao" word family: something that calls others. There are: high opinion (high opinion), long life (asking the age of the elderly), high hall (referring to parents), high foot (other people's students), high opinion (other people's comments), old age (the age of people over 60), and higher vocational education (referring to people leaving their original posts to recognize higher positions, and also used to inquire about the units where others work).

7. "Da" word family: honorific words or things related to each other. Such as: uncle, uncle, aunt, aunt, eldest brother, elder sister, adult (called elder in letters), master (called monk), chez (called opposite party), Daming, masterpiece, Zagreb (opposite party's letters), and Daqing (birthday of old people).

2. Common sense of ancient culture

3. Humility and honor theft: privately, privately.

Boldly: Offensively and boldly. Meng: Thank you.

Please allow me, please let me. Driving for nothing: Thanks for your help.

Grant: It means that the other party has given benefits. Gong Kao (the examinee is named "Jinshi", the first is named "Scholar", the second is named "Xie Yuan", and the third is named "Flower Detective".

Worship: to grant an official position. Except: old posts are deleted from new posts.

Out: as. Promotion: promotion of official position.

Transfer: transfer official position for promotion. G: abolish official positions.

Strike: recall and suspension. Exemption: Exemption from official position.

Destroy: depose, demote. Chen: Demoted and transferred far away.

Decision: removal from office. Remove or depose.

Retirement: (1) Revocation or demotion of official position; (2) Resign yourself. Reject: screen out.

Go: leave your post and be transferred. Move to the left: reduce official transfer.

"Promotion and selection. Grant: seal of official position.

What do you mean? Jiuqing, Sang Qing and Gonggong are official names. According to historical records, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, both the Zhou Dynasty and the governors had ministers, which were divided into upper, middle and lower levels.

During the Warring States period, many countries used it. Shang Qing was the highest official position at that time.

The theory of "Jiuqing" began in Qin and Han Dynasties, and refers to nine official positions: Taichang, Guangluxun, Wei, Tingwei, Taifu, Dahonglu, Zong Zheng, Dasinong and Shaofu. Specifically, Tai Chang is responsible for the sacrificial ceremony and etiquette of the ancestral temple; Guang Luxun is in charge of the guards and guards of the imperial court; Wei Wei is responsible for guarding the palace gate; The courtiers were in charge of the emperor's chariots and horses; Ting Wei is the highest judicial official, in charge of prisons and trial of cases. Dahonglu, also known as Dianke or Dahongling, is responsible for foreign affairs and ethnic affairs; Zong Zheng is responsible for the management of royal and clan affairs; Dasinong, also known as the internal history of millet management or agricultural order, is in charge of grain, goods, taxes, taxes, finance and so on. Shaofu is in charge of the tax revenue of Shanhai pond and supports the emperor.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was a young lady under the Qing Dynasty, which was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty. The theory of "three publics" also began very early. Sima, Situ and Xi 'an were the three publics in the Zhou Dynasty, and the Prime Minister (Da Situ), Qiu (Da Sima) and Tai Yi (Da) were the three publics in the Western Han Dynasty.

By the Eastern Han Dynasty, the names had changed, referring to Qiu, Situ and Sima respectively. The three fairs, also known as the "three divisions", are responsible for both military and political affairs.

3. The honorifics and modesty commonly used in ancient times and their meanings.

Politeness is often associated with modesty.

Modesty is a manifestation of modesty, usually to oneself. Politeness refers to language with a respectful tone, usually to people.

Commonly used words are order, worship, dedication, benefit, respect, drooping, expensive, high, big, respect, please, and bending. First, the word "Ling" is used to address the relatives of the other party.

Such as: your father: address each other's father; Your mother: call each other's mother; Your son: call the other person's son; Your love and daughter: address each other's daughters respectfully; Your brother, brother, nephew, etc. Second, the word "worship" is used to refer to the behavior of oneself involving the other party.

Such as: reading: refers to reading each other's articles; Visit: refers to visiting each other; Admire: refers to mutual admiration; Compliment: it means to congratulate each other; Please: refers to asking the other party to do something; Visit: refers to visiting each other. Third, when your behavior involves the other person, you should use the word "wind".

If you tell: tell; Return: return; Accompaniment: companionship; Suggestion: advice; Gift: gift. Fourth, the word "Hui" is used by the other party to treat their own behavior.

Such as: back to the village (mostly used to give photos, books and other souvenirs): please keep it; Huilin: refers to the other party coming to find themselves; Patronizing (mostly shop-to-customer): coming; Huiyun means that the other party allows himself (to do something); Gift: To give (property, etc.). ) from each other. Fifth, the word "Gong" means to treat each other with courtesy.

Such as congratulations, waiting, respectfully asking, welcoming, congratulations, etc. The most common ones are "Congratulations on getting rich" and "Congratulations on getting rich".

Extended data:

Common words: 1, defending: it means to retain the title of the last champion in the competition; 2. Give: honorific words; 3. Allow: honorific words; 4. My father: he is modest and calls himself his father to others; 5. My mother: Being humble, she calls herself mother to others; 6. Visit: honorific words. Please forgive me. 9. Excuse me: Modesty is used to ask others for convenience or ask people 10. Rely on: modesty refers to borrowing the strength of others, and is often used as a reference for honorifics:

Baidu encyclopedia-greetings.

4. The Chinese meanings of honorifics and modesty commonly used in ancient times.

Chinese meanings of honorifics and modesty commonly used in ancient times

China is a country of etiquette, and honorifics are often used to address contacts. Politeness refers to the language with respectful tone that people often use in daily communication, especially in correspondence. Politeness is often associated with modesty. Modesty is a manifestation of modesty, usually to oneself. Politeness refers to language with a respectful tone, usually to people. Common honorifics

Defending: refers to retaining the title won in the last competition. Compliment: honorific, indicating that the other party gives (property) Hui Yun: honorific, indicating that the other party allows him to do something. My dad: Modesty, calling his parents to others: Modesty, calling his mother to visit others: Modesty, calling the other party to meet the teacher: Modesty, teaching (me), such as "What do you think?" Golden wedding: European custom calls it the 50th wedding anniversary. Jin Lan can act as an agent for brothers and sisters, such as "Yi Jie Jin Lan". See: Go to see, (multi-fingered) say: Give advice (in a respectful or polite tone), such as "say a word to you" and "speak boldly". See: see: (book) see. Love: (book) honorific words, indicating the long-term care of the other party (mostly elders or superiors) (mostly used in letters): modest words, long time no see; Humble words, I admire you for a long time (when I first saw you); Victory: refers to seeking to seize political power (neutral word); Beautiful words: (book) husband and wife, such as beautiful feelings. Call each other's son and relatives: respect, call each other's relatives' mother: respect, call each other's mother's father: respect, call each other's father to stay: humility, used when the host sees the guests off, the guests ask the host not to send them out to be dusty: respect, (in the book) be dusty, (referring to the monarch who fled abroad because of the war) Anonymous: respect for the past refers to the names of elders or respected people. My wife: Modesty refers to my wife: Modesty refers to calling my wife in front of others; Modesty is used to ask the other party to accept their own requirements or gifts; Modesty refers to calling it home, also known as "giving up"; Modesty means giving up your loved ones. Desk: honorific, used to refer to the other party, (mostly used in letters from institutions, groups, etc. Desk: honorific words, used to be used to ask people, desk driver: honorific words, used to be called the other person's desk guide: rhetoric of old letters, used after the opening title to invite the other person to read the letter. Taishan Mountain and Taishui: Father-in-law and Mother-in-law TOEFL: Courtesy, relying on the wealth of others to make yourself lucky. Uncle: (Book) Grandpa. Politeness: honorific words, expressing gratitude for acceptance.

5. Courtesy words commonly used in ancient times

1. Modesty 1. Family of "family": Call yourself an elder or a relative older than others.

There are: my father (Jia Yan, Jia Jun, Jia Zun), my mother (Jia Ci), my uncle, my brother and my sister. 2. "She" word family: Call yourself a junior or a relative younger than yourself to others.

(Some people summed it up as "big house and small order outsiders". The word "Ling's home" is described in the topic of "honorific words"), including: my brother, sister, nephew, relatives (humbly calling her relatives) and room/house (humbly calling her home).

3. "Small" word family: address yourself or people or things related to yourself humbly. Such as: younger brother (men call themselves modestly among friends or acquaintances), children (their own sons), younger daughters (their own daughters), villains, Xiaoke (people with low status call themselves modestly), Xiao Sheng (young scholars call themselves), small shops (their own shops) and little old children (old people call themselves).

4. "Old" word family: used for the elderly to humbly address themselves or people or things related to them. There are mainly: old (old men call themselves modest), old (old women call themselves modest), old (old monks call themselves modest, such as "old beggars" and "old beggars"), old (old nuns call themselves modest), old (old people point to their faces) and old (falsely call themselves uneducated).

5. "Stupid" word family: used for your own modesty. Such as: silly brother (calling himself younger than himself), my humble opinion (calling himself an opinion).

6. The "humble" word family: humble works, humble works (referring to their own articles and works), humble pens (referring to their own words and calligraphy), humble opinions (the same as "humble opinions") and humble jing (referring to their own wives). 2. Honorary remarks 1. The word "family order": used for relatives or people related to each other.

Such as: your father, your mother, your son, your lover, your brother, your brother, your sister, your nephew, your mother (addressed as someone else's son-in-law) and your relatives. 2. "White" word family: used for one's own behavior and actions involving the other party.

Such as: visiting (visiting each other), saying goodbye (staying with each other), visiting (visiting each other), reading (reading each other's articles), inviting (entrusting each other to do things), getting acquainted (getting acquainted), congratulating (congratulating each other), and admiring (admiring each other). 3. "Wind" word family: the usage is the same as above.

Common ones are: telling (telling), persuading (advising), returning (returning), accompanying (accompanying), sending (giving), entrusting (asking), reaching (telling) and replying (replying). The latter two are mostly used for letters.

4. "Gong" word family: treat each other with courtesy. Commonly used are: congratulations (respectful congratulations), respectful invitations (respectful invitations), waiting (respectful waiting), greetings (respectful greetings), and congratulations (congratulations on each other's happy event).

5. "Gui" word family: refers to things related to each other. Such as: Gui Gan (ask people what to do), Gui Geng (ask people's age), Gui surname (ask people's surname), Gui disease (politely call each other's illness), your son (call each other's Sadizi), your country (the other country) and your school (the other school).

6. "Gao" word family: something that calls others. There are: high opinion (high opinion), long life (asking the age of the elderly), high hall (referring to parents), high foot (other people's students), high opinion (other people's comments), old age (the age of people over 60), and higher vocational education (referring to people leaving their original posts to recognize higher positions, and also used to inquire about the units where others work).

7. "Da" word family: honorific words or things related to each other. Such as: uncle, uncle, aunt, aunt, eldest brother, elder sister, adult (called elder in letters), master (called monk), chez (called opposite party), Daming, masterpiece, Zagreb (opposite party's letters), and Daqing (birthday of old people).

6. Common honorifics and modesty in ancient times (who refers to?

China is a country of etiquette, and there are many honorifics and modesty in Chinese. Respectable words are words that show respect for others; Modesty is a word used to express self-humility. For thousands of years, people in China have used many honorifics and modesty in interpersonal communication, which fully embodies the characteristics of China's state of etiquette, and the use of honorifics and modesty can also reflect a person's cultural accomplishment. Modest words can be summarized as "the family is big, the family is small, and we make outsiders", which means that when we call others elders and older peers, we call them "home", such as my father (Yan family), my mother (Ci family), my uncle and my brother. When people call their small family members, they are called "She", such as my brother, sister and nephew. Addressing other people's family members (outsiders) means using "Ling" as a respectful name, such as your mother, your father, your son and your love.

Besides "home", "house" and "order", modest words include "small" (my daughter, call her own daughter), "clumsy" (my humble opinion, call my own opinion), "mean" (my humble opinion, call my own opinion), "cold" and so on.

Common honorifics include "expensive" (your age), "big" (masterpiece, called the other person's work), "high" (high opinion, called the other person's opinion) and "white" (please, ask someone to do something).

There are also some common examples of politeness:

Say "I heard about you for the first time", "Long time no see", ask people to criticize "teach", ask people to forgive "ask people to help", "I'm sorry", "I'm sorry", "I'm sorry", ask people to do things, "please", ask people not to leave, "stay" and say "missing".

Please tell someone to say "see the notice" and welcome to ask "inquire"

Thank people for their love, say "wrong love", "love" and "gift", ask them to save the title "province", ask them to accept the gift, say "smile" and return it, say "your family" and "my humble opinion" and ask them to read the manuscript and say "correct".

Praise people's opinions (high opinions). Visit others, say (visit) that guests are coming, say (visit) to accompany friends, say (accompany) that they have no time to accompany guests, say (sorry) to wait for guests, say (wait) please don't give them away, say (wait) that you are welcome to buy, say (patronize) to return to the original owner, and say (return) to meet people. People ask for help, answers, help, help, help, trouble, convenience and light. Please change the article, say "correct", accept kindness, say "gratitude", ask for advice, say "thank you", wish people health, say "take care" and congratulate them. Accept and say "smile", give someone a photo, say "cherish", welcome to buy, say "patronize", hope to take care of, say "care", praise people's opinions, say "give back", invite people to an appointment, say "it's a great honor", say "my family is humble" and say "consider" can't. When it comes to saying "come", wait for others to say "wait". Guests who haven't met say "miss" to sit down, say "please sit down" to accompany their friends, say "goodbye" when they leave, say "sorry", ask people not to say "stay" and say "peace" to others.