What are the manufacturing processes and precautions of metal parts?

In the manufacturing process of parts, from the design drawings of parts to the delivery of parts, we should not only consider several programs, but also consider the influence of a series of factors such as the arrangement of parts' technological routes, the selection of machine tools, the selection of tools, positioning and clamping. Before starting programming, it is necessary to analyze the design drawings and technical requirements of the parts in detail, so as to avoid possible quality problems and unnecessary waste of resources such as manpower and material resources due to poor consideration of the process plan. Here is a brief introduction to the manufacturing process and matters needing attention of metal parts:

First, get the basic information of the parts.

(1) Parts design drawings, technical data, assembly drawings and parts batches.

(2) Relevant technical standards required for parts, such as enterprise standards, process documents and acceptance quality standards.

(3) the manufacturing capacity of existing process equipment and special equipment, the specifications and performance of process equipment, and the technical level of workers.

Second, the parts manufacturing process analysis

Analyze the shape and size of parts, the type, specification, shape, heat treatment state and hardness of raw materials. Using these original information is beneficial to NC planning.

(1) Analysis of Assembly Drawing and Parts Drawing

For the analysis and research of assembly drawing, it is mainly to be familiar with the performance and use, to make clear the mutual assembly position and function of parts, to understand the basis for formulating various technical conditions on the part drawing, to find out the main technical key problems, and to lay the foundation for formulating the correct scheme. Of course, in the process analysis of ordinary parts, the analysis and research of assembly drawing can be omitted.

(2) Technological analysis of part drawing.

The analysis and research of part drawings is mainly to review the manufacturability of parts, such as checking whether there are errors or omissions in the views, dimensions and technical requirements of design drawings, especially for parts with poor structural manufacturability, if possible, communicate with designers or put forward suggestions for modification, and the designers will decide whether to make necessary modifications and improvements.

(3) Analysis of the completeness and correctness of the part drawing.

The views of parts shall meet the requirements of national standards, and the positions shall be expressed accurately and clearly; The relationship (such as tangency, intersection and parallelism) between geometric elements (points, lines and surfaces) should be accurate; Dimensions should be complete and clear.

(4) Analysis of technical requirements of parts accuracy.

The technical requirements of parts mainly include dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, surface roughness and heat meter processing requirements. These technical requirements should be the limit values under the premise of ensuring the performance of parts. The analysis of technical requirements of parts is mainly to analyze the rationality and realization possibility of these technical requirements, focusing on the accuracy and technical requirements of important surfaces and parts, in order to prepare for making a reasonable plan.

(5) Analysis of dimensioning methods

The annotation methods of part drawings include local scattered annotation, centralized annotation and coordinate annotation. For the parts on CNC machine tools, on the premise of ensuring the service performance, the dimensions on the part drawing should be marked as centrally as possible or with the same benchmark, which is not only convenient for CNC programming, but also conducive to the unification of design benchmark, process benchmark and programming origin.

(6) Structural manufacturability analysis of parts

The structural manufacturability of parts refers to the feasibility and economy of manufacturing the designed parts on the premise of meeting the performance requirements. By analyzing the structural characteristics, precision requirements and complexity of parts, the methods needed for parts and the types and specifications of CNC machine tools can be determined.

Third, choose the right machine tool equipment.

Although CNC has strict operating specifications and good machine tool maintenance, its own precision loss is inevitable.

(1) In order to control the quality, we regularly check and maintain the numerical control equipment, and make clear the accuracy and tasks of each equipment.

(2) Strictly distinguish the use of rough machining and precision machining equipment, because rough machining pursues high speed, high removal rate and low precision, while precision is the opposite. Reasonable collocation and clear division of labor of existing equipment resources can minimize the impact of machine tools on quality, protect expensive CNC equipment and prolong the service life of equipment.

Four, the selection of cutting oil matters needing attention

Cutting oil is a medium that must be used in metal cutting technology, which mainly plays the role of lubrication, cooling and cleaning.

Special cutting oil (1) contains sulfurized extreme pressure anti-wear additives, which can effectively protect tools and improve machining accuracy.

(2) Compared with rapeseed oil, mechanical oil and recycled oil, special cutting oil has good stability and will not cause harm to equipment, human body and environment.

(3) The viscosity, flash point, pour point and thermal conductivity of special cutting oil have been strictly tested to meet the requirements of various cutting processes.