Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional virtues - Daur wedding customs
Daur wedding customs
Daur people's wedding customs, from the rituals to the form are more complicated, grand, and for a long time, also accompanied by sports activities. Such as a lot of places, in the eating Tsarnt and marrying a daughter-in-law, are held in archery, horse racing and other sports for fun, entertainment reaches a climax, so that the whole Mokun people are immersed in a happy and happy.
The Daur people in Xinjiang mainly in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Tacheng County, some of the countryside, the population of more than 6300 people (1997 statistics), is one of the autonomous region's less populous ethnic groups. Just like their unique ethnic culture, they also have unique marriage customs.
Overview of Daur marriage customs:
Daur monogamous marriages are practiced, adhering to the principle of clan exogamy. After the engagement of young men and women, the male party to send the female family horse, cattle, sheep and wine, known as the "big gift". On this day, the girl should hide, do not see her fiancé. One month before the wedding, the man also send a small gift, gifts are mainly clothes, things, this time the fiancé and the couple can meet, and eat together "Larry" and noodles. Marriage to organize banquets, food and dishes must be plentiful, especially when welcoming the bride, if you run into pedestrians along the way, regardless of whether or not they know each other, you can share a share of meat and wine and snacks. After the wedding ceremony, the host to fry Jail nose and hand-held meat and other fine dishes to guests.
Matchmaking:
Daur ethnic young men and women to propose marriage, by the matchmaker, free love is also so. Usually by the male party to ask a respected elders, well dressed, in the right side of the hat hanging a new red cloth, and carry gifts, to go to the marriage. If the woman is interested, she and the matchmaker agree on a date for the next meeting. When the matchmaker came for the second time, if the woman expressed full agreement, to mention some of the wedding required clothing, furniture, etc., the marriage was finalized.
Charnt Banquet to recognize relatives:
The day of the marriage is selected by the man who kills a chicken and divines. On that day, the girl is sent to the groom's house by the woman's parents together with an introducer. The groom's family prepares wine and meat for the reception. After the bride arrived with the groom to hold the knife to kill a chicken, to see the chicken liver lines show how auspicious, such as inauspicious by the bride and groom to kill another one, to be killed to the chicken liver appeared auspicious lines until. Then, the bride and groom held a drinking ceremony, each person in front of a bowl of wine, bowl edge smeared with ghee, they first drink a mouthful, and then drink a cup of wine. Bride and groom drink the cup of wine, but also *** with the reception of the introducer and all the guests. Then both guests, as well as relatives and friends to congratulate together constantly drinking, singing and dancing until all night.
Songs sprinkled all over the road to meet the bride:
The day of the wedding, the groom does not go to pick up the bride, but by the women's side of the organization to send the girl, the bride's head covered with a red scarf, accompanied by five to seven male and female young people, early in the morning from the women's home in the car, loaded with the dowry and accompanied by the gifts, we play the zither and sing, laughter, laughter, sprinkled all the way.
Stealing cups and stealing plates play groom:
When the relatives sent to escort the bride arrived at the male home, the groom's family to send the bride extra care, not into the door, the first toast "into the door cup", into the house and then set up the "wind wine", can be described as meticulous, fear of negligence. Nevertheless, the bride's groomsmen "flower big" is still picking noses and eyes, the bride's younger brothers "Kutulu" are eating and drinking, while stealing wine glasses, chopsticks, dishes and other hidden in the body, as a way to tease the groom and accompanying guests. Because the Daur people believe that the wine cups are for the bride and groom to prepare the amount of food bucket, dishes are food baskets, are indispensable household items. Therefore, after the seat after the man found something missing, they began to search. Search will be punished for "stealing" a cup of wine drinkers, "stealing" a bowl of wine drinkers bowl. The next day, to send relatives ready to hit the horse back, also waiting for the opportunity to "steal" a few cups, bowls and dishes, to be the groom with wine to chase, only to be willing to return. Daur people's traditional habits, do not allow brother to marry his sister-in-law after the death of his brother or brother after the death of his brother to marry his sister's wife. Especially brother married sister-in-law, more to be opposed and public opinion condemnation, because the Daur people treat sister-in-law like mother's etiquette is very thick.
Daur traditional marriage customs:
Daur people in general under normal circumstances, can not be into the family, only the factor of the young or childless, but also weak and sickly can not labor production, can be recruited for a period of time or lifelong son-in-law. Individuals also have the phenomenon of raising child brides. If a person is born with two children, his parents try to find a child with two daughters for them to be their spouses, and vice versa. If not, it will not be good to feed, there is a suspicion of short life. Daur people's traditional custom is not to intermarry with foreigners. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty since the early Republic of China, only individual for the greedy bride price or to repay debts, the girl married to the Han Chinese. But because of historical reasons, and Ewenke people often interact, so gradually formed the habit of intermarriage, although with the Oroqen also have contacts, but few intermarried.
Daur people's concept of marriage, by the direct impact of feudal society, in the past is also very concerned about the family, it must be "door to door" to propose marriage. Generally rich families do not marry poor women as wives, not to mention the girl married to a poor family as a daughter-in-law. If there are individual rich people or sitting in the government to marry the poor family's daughter, it is because the girl is very beautiful and virtuous, in all aspects are more outstanding reason. Daur people's monogamy has not been undermined, only to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there is a "Zaluo Nu Huge" - the phenomenon of concubinage. Most of the reasons are because the first wife can not bear children or do not give birth to a boy, for fear of breaking the second wife. Initially, only the daughters of slaves as concubines, because no one wants to marry the girl as a small.
Daur people for their children to choose a spouse is a more complex process, from the trustee matchmaking to the end of the marriage, roughly divided into five steps to complete.
The first step:
The first step is the trustee matchmaking, called "Xizhuo Yiqi Lege Bei". The person entrusted should be a relative or close friend of the woman's family, first to find out information, to find out whether the woman has an in-laws, to their parents and the elderly to introduce the man's situation, family members, financial situation. In the case of the woman's parents or the elderly did not refuse, and then entrusted the matchmaker to go to the marriage.
The second step:
The second step is to ask a person who is good at presentation to be the matchmaker, and this person is called "Shaoqi". The matchmaker should be the son's elder or an older person.
The betrothal is based on the matchmaker giving a toast and kowtowing to the woman's parents and the elderly, and as long as they accept this ritual, the marriage will be finalized and cannot be changed. There has never been a marriage contract paperwork. In the old society, there is also the traditional custom of marriage. Finger-to-foetus marriages mostly took place between bosom friends or sworn brothers, with a view to bringing their friendship closer and sustaining the development of the relationship. If the two families are born exactly one man and one woman, then, the boy's father, to go to the girl's home in person to her parents or grandparents to toast, kowtow, will be the original verbal finger marriage, to determine the formal engagement.
In the Daur people's families, when the son is about to come of age, it is necessary to organize the engagement. A good matchmaker is invited to carry some wine and travel to the woman's house to talk about the marriage. The words and manners of the matchmaker are very important. When the matchmaker arrives at the woman's home, he should first greet her parents, the elderly and the main members of the family, exchange greetings and offer cigarettes, and then consider the words to politely explain his intentions. The words of the matchmaker will be a slight example: "I heard that in your beautiful family, there is a scissors and embroidery needles with a good heart, simple behavior and virtuous and dignified girl. I am willing to offer marriage to a young man with a bow and arrow in his hand, who is honest and willing to work, but also has a pure mind, is intelligent and clever, and is a good farmer and hunter. I believe that both parties are suitable for each other, men and women are suitable for each other, to form a good relationship, and to make good use of each other's door, I am willing to wear out my leg warmers for the two families, and I am tired of my back and legs. I am willing to wear out my legwarmers for the two families, and my back will ache. I am sure that you will believe my words and not let me spoil the fun." Then the man's family was described in detail, from the members to the property and financial situation, and also the family customs of the man's generations. Members of the occupation and social status, performance, especially focus on the male party's character performance and talent.
If the woman's parents and their main elders have no objections, expressed the willingness to tie the knot, the bride price requirements for the betrothal, mainly three, namely, Shao Le Buozhi (horse): Chose (cow), all the clothing supplies needed by the women. After discussing with the matchmaker, you can accept the matchmaker's wine kowtow gift, the marriage is successful. If the woman's parents do not agree to the marriage, you can not let the matchmaker pour wine and kowtow, and can not stay with the matchmaker to eat and stay. It is said that keeping the matchmaker at home to eat and stay means that the marriage has been completed. After the engagement ceremony, the matchmaker has completed the task of matchmaking, and then return to the man's home to report the good news. The man's family to wine and dine hospitality matchmaker, and to prepare some wine, meat, snacks and fruits and other things sent to the matchmaker, at the same time, so that his son to go to the matchmaker's home to kowtow to the gift of gratitude. If the family is rich, they will also pay the matchmaker with clothes and cash. Matchmakers in the process of matchmaking, due to the number of men and women on the bride price, a moment to reach an agreement, but also occurs in the matchmaker back and forth a number of times, and finally reached an agreement on the betrothal.
The third step:
The bridegroom matchmaking bride price, which is the "Tsaenteyiqibe".
The traditional practice of the Daur people is that after the engagement, to be held to send "Tsarntli". The time is usually a few months or a year after the engagement, or two to three years. The so-called Charnte gift, including boiling hot pork a mouth, two mouth of hairy pig; dozens of pounds of white wine; snacks ten to twenty pounds; Watt (with millet flour mixed with butter, sugar made of cake) more than ten; Huo Zhele (with santinzi pressed into the surface mixed with brown sugar made of cake) more than ten; West Zhegele (made of jikizi rice noodles made of deep-fried cake) sixty to one hundred; Tuwa Utemo (made of jikizi rice noodles made of fried cake) one hundred or so! This is food and so on; the main thing is to give a horse and a cow. Sending a horse, called "Shao Le Bo Hot", the horse must be with reins, from the meaning of taking the reins of the marriage, is to repay the father-in-law for the labor of raising a daughter; send a cow, called "Chaus", generally a dairy cow or pregnant dairy cow, is to repay the mother-in-law for the pain of raising a daughter. Charnte gift of more or less thick and thin, there is no fixed rules, mainly based on the male family economy, living conditions to decide, but the male party to do their best to organize.
Send Charnte gift, in the Daur people, is a unique, fun happy event. The man must first invite an elderly person who is good at talking and familiar with the etiquette and can adapt to the situation, as a chaperone, and as a coachman. This person is found from within the uncle, uncle or elder brother, and he is responsible for guiding the groom to deliver the Tsarnt ceremony in person. Before the arrival of the Tsarnt gift car, the close relatives of the woman's Moin gather to prepare for the arrival of her new son-in-law, and assign a few young men to close the gates, not allowing the gift car to enter the courtyard easily, to make things difficult for the new aunt outside the gates, and intentionally engage in a battle of tongues with the accompanying man who has come to deliver the bride-price. This scene of embarrassment for them began when the Tsarnt gift car arrived.
Their question-and-answer session, to give an example, went like this: the gatekeeper began by asking where you have come from, where you are going, what is the reason for stopping at this gate, what exactly do you want to do, and so on. The other party deliberately digresses from the topic, and cannot give a positive and direct answer, but cleverly goes around in circles. The one who answered in circles was the chaperone. He can say a lot of falsehoods, the sea and the sky to pull a meal, but also in the tone of voice with a lot of pleading. For example, the escort said, we are doing business, from a long way to come, go a day, it will be late, a did not touch the inn, no friends and relatives, has been hungry, want to think of you here to borrow a night, rest a night, tomorrow morning, please be convenient and so on the words to answer. At this time, the young man deliberately difficult to say: we do not recognize, not familiar with, do not stay with a stranger lodging; and then our family, young and old generations, a lot of population, it is very inconvenient, can not stay with you to stay, please do not grind your teeth in vain, in vain, persuade you to rush to the other family lodging before nightfall, go.
At this time, the gift to be soft in the hard, hard in the soft words to answer, for example, he can say: we have come to you with great difficulty in Tuen Mun, has been borrowed a few families, but are not open to the face, not allowed to live, is it so that you don't understand the suffering of the people who go out to catch up with the road? You can't carry your house on your back, can you? People go out, will encounter difficulties, so again and again to ask for your grace, to make it convenient, if there is no place to live on the bed, in the house ground is fine, better than in the wild camping, hope you take care of it, let us rest for a night. In this way, after some theory, mutual defense, at the old man's behest, can be lifted to make things difficult, open the gates, allowing the gift car into the yard. So the woman's family warmly received the groom and the accompanying people.
According to the custom of the Daur people, before the arrival of the elders of the Benmoyin, is not allowed to touch the gifts, to wait for their arrival, they assigned the steward, and then one by one to check and receive, before the gifts can be used.
Reception of the new master of the Tsarntli, must be organized to drink feasts and recognize relatives. The evening of the day of the arrival of the new bridegroom, convened by the Moyin clan relatives of men, women and children to host a banquet, called "Charnt Antebe". When the banquet began, the male party's gift to the elders to participate in the banquet to politely explain the type of gifts sent and the number of gifts; then by the female eldest brother to lead the new bridegroom to recognize their relatives, to the elders one by one toasting kowtow. After the banquet, arrange several people will send the hairy pig with fire burned after the open hearth packing, the night will be boiled meat, ready for the next day the whole Mokun relatives and friends in the recognition of the feast to eat.
? The next day after breakfast, they will notify the Mokun family and friends to come to participate in the Charnte Li's recognition of marriage feast, which is called "Charnte Yidebe". This is called the "Tsa'nt'yidbe", and it follows the same procedure as the first evening's mo'yinai. For some elders who could not come, some meat and wine were left from the Tsaente gifts and given to them, which is called "Aigatatabe".
"Tsarnt Yidebe" the next day, the woman's elder brother will lead the new bridegroom to go to Ben Mokun's relatives and friends of the family home to recognize the family, the same toast, the line kowtow. At this time, the recipient of the gift to give a small money corset, cigarette purse and other gifts to the groom, some to give cash.
In the whole process of "Tsaente Yidebe", the girl and the new bridegroom is not allowed to meet, the girl in advance to other homes to hide. But the two sides do not recognize each other, and even what looks like can not look at a glance, is always a regret. For this reason, it is said that after the groom arrives at the woman's home, he will try to find out where his fiancée is, preferably by passing information through the children. When you learn that the girl lives in a certain house, then try to achieve the desire to secretly sneak a peek. In fact, the girl is in the same mood, wanting to see what her fiancé is like, looking for opportunities. At this time, there will also be a kind sister sister-in-law, to help them to achieve the purpose, try to create the conditions to meet, so that they can each other in the sneak peek at each other's face, physical appearance and instrument.
The ceremony was completed, and when the new aunt was about to return home, the father-in-law, who was well-to-do, gave him the "Saule Bhoj" or another good horse to ride back.
The fourth step:
Over the wedding bride price, which is "Tolle".
Tolle consists of a number of pieces of clothes and clothing, a number of pieces of "Sauzeku" (jewelry), one or two payments of "Bale" (bracelet), "Gurzhech Zhege" (ring), "Gurzhech Zhege" (ring), "Gurzhech Zhege" (ring), "Gurzhech Zhege" (ring), "Gurzhech Zhege" (ring). "(ring) one or two, "Ga Zhege" (earrings) one or two. In addition, there are leather robes, leather hangings, leather shoulders, quilts, bedding and lining cloth and other items. Some of them are also discounted, so that the woman is free to buy ready to do. Sent "Tolle" of the original intention, is to determine the date of marriage, if the woman's family has no objection, immediately agreed to marry the auspicious date, so the man's family began to prepare for the marriage of all the materials needed, and told friends and relatives far away.
Daur youth marriage age, generally about twenty years old for men, women in seventeen, nineteen, twenty-one years old, customary prohibition of girls at even age when the marriage is completed. Taboo girl in the mother to give birth to their own age and the age of the mother to marry on the marriage. Both men and women, one of the parents died in the mourning three years are not allowed to get married; two years can not be sent to Tsaente gift and "Tsaente Yidebe".
Step 5:
Completion of the marriage. The wedding is a big event, which is organized one to two months in advance, with the help of all the Mokun people: making clothes and bedding, slaughtering pigs, cows and sheep, and making food such as wattles, khozhelegs, and sezhelegs.
Send the girl to get married is also very elaborate, the Mokun people, rich or poor, to help, out of a good car, a good horse, a good saddle, borrow each other's clothes, hats, leg warmers, etc. to wear, as far as possible to show that all the relatives to send a rich life. In the girl married two days before, to ask the Mokun clan elders of both sexes to come, *** with the agreement to send the guest of honor, car driver and the number of people, the number of cars and horses, as far as possible from the Mokun selected to send relatives. Sending the male guests called "Huada", three to five people; female guests called "Huoduogu", two to three people; send the family car three or four, riding two to three people, the rich family and a few dowry car, a total of but about fifteen people. The road is farther, are set of double horse big wheel, the team spectacular style.
The "Huoduogu" to send relatives according to the level of large and small, the big one is the aunt or aunt or aunt aunt of an aunt or uncle, "boundary Huoduogu" to arrange the age of the aunt or aunt of a smaller one, " Huzhuge Huoduogu" should be a young girl of the same generation or a young daughter-in-law who has not yet given birth to a child.
The "wada" of the bridegroom is also arranged according to age and generation level. The big "Huada" should be arranged than the big Huodugu younger uncle, uncle or aunt a person, from the "boundary Huada" to "Huzhuge Huada", its generation, age and female guests with the same. If there are no brothers or sisters, they are arranged from among the uncles and aunts. Cars are also arranged in order of age to catch the first car, the second car. The bride in the car, the driver should be a close brother or uncle brother.
One or two days before the wedding, the groom came to the father-in-law's home to meet the bride.
Before the departure of the car, the relatives and close friends of the Benmoyin gather together to hold a banquet to show their appreciation. After the departure of the car, the bridegroom does not travel, to the elders who are sending off one by one to say goodbye, this ritual is completed, before going out to catch up with the car on horseback.
The bridegroom's car should be: Huada and Huoduogu car are sitting in the car for the reed compartment car, the big Huoduogu and community Huoduogu with the head of the car, the bridegroom's young lady accompanied by the bride with the car in the middle of the tent car, the big Huada and the community Huada with the same car behind the bride's car, followed by the dowry car, the rest of the Huada horseback riding the back of the temple. At the forefront of the caravan was the groom on horseback to lead the way.
In the bride car did not leave, to prepare some colorful silk, handkerchiefs and other things, in case if on the way to meet other bride car, good as a gift to each other. Also be prepared to prepare some wine, cooked meat, snacks and other food, in order to prepare for the way to the tip with. It is customary, regardless of the distance of the road, close, after half of the distance, we must stop to beat the tip. Mr. Mister set up a bonfire, then drink a few cups of wine, use less meat and snacks, and hold a rest ceremony on the way. By the big Huada first hold wine to "white Nacha" (land god) toast, and make a speech, good words to pray for the land god to protect the family carriages and horses safe and sound. At this time, if there are passing pedestrians, regardless of whether they know each other or not, we must ask them to stop, *** with the enjoyment of food and wine.
Then only let go. The rest ceremony is completed, the groom will be with the bridegroom guests a goodbye after first chi home, to the elders a line of invitation to the salute, and then report to the bridegroom guests of seniority, age, and the number of caravan of horses and horses, arrangements or adjustments to meet the bride's guests, seating, seats, food and lodging and other matters, and choose to send an older and a young with hot wine out of the Tun outside a mile or two to meet the waiting. When the family car came, immediately stop, welcome the family to send a line of guests to send a line after the salute, and then perform a toast, to express a warm welcome and greetings all the way to hard work. After the waiting ceremony outside of Tuen Mun, the young people first chi return the letter, and the old people stay behind to lead the way into the village. At this time, the welcome home, regardless of men and women, young and old, according to the form of male left and female right in the courtyard arranged to welcome. According to traditional custom, regardless of which direction to send the bride car, must be detoured to change the path from the west along the direction of the sunrise to the male family's front door to stop, meaning that the bride to meet the sunrise direction into the in-laws door. There are two said: "First, when the bride car into the Tun, if the well, in advance to send people with a red cloth to cover the mouth of the well, meaning to prevent the bride's soul fell into the well out of the way; Second, once the bride car in the sunset before arriving at the men's home, the men's home in the west side of the door to hang a mirror to symbolize that the sun has not yet set.
When the bride car to the male home outside the gate, in addition to the bride and the young woman, the rest of the bride get off, dismounted, in the bridesmaid's lead into the yard on foot, the bride is in the firecrackers in the car directly into the yard off. But in order to prevent the firecrackers scare horses and accidents, generally outside the gate will be unhorsed, by people pulling the car into the courtyard east side of the parking. Then by two young daughters-in-law to the bride to put on a red veil to help off the car, accompanied by the young woman to send the bride, left and right to help lead the feet step on the red cloth cushion until the kang until the bride's feet can not step on the soil, standing in the side of the queue of the host and the guest. At this time, by the male parents outside the door of the room filled with two cups of wine, to the guests in order to send a toast, called "into the door cup".
After the toast, guided by male and female guests, in the order of the first female and then male, please send the guests into the house, female guests sit on the south kang, male guests sit on the west kang, the car driver and others sit on the north kang in the form of the seat. The bride is then guided into the house by two young daughters-in-law. When the bride enters the house, she must not bow her head, but walk forward with her head held high; when she goes to the kang, she must not step on the edge of the kang, but sit cross-legged with her face toward the window and her back toward the north. Then re-freshen up and dress up.
After everything is ready, the beginning of the form to load the smoke to recognize relatives. First of all, by the men and women guests were introduced to the male and female guests of the main members of the male family and close relatives of the elders, the male parents again to send the guests to the "wind wine"; after that, on the refreshments, mainly milk tea, pastries, but also on some of the "Watt", "Huo Ge Lege", "West Ge Ge Gele", milk skin, cream and so on. Then, is set up to welcome the bride feast. The seats at the banquet remain the same as those at the bedside of the house, but the guests are seated at the top of the table, and those who are accompanying the guests sit at the bottom of the table. Sitting in the lower seat of the companion called "Ga Ji Riqin", sitting in the lower right seat of the companion called "Ba Riqin".
Each table dedicated to a "Kao Boor Jin" - a person serving, responsible for pouring wine, food and drink, cut meat with a knife. At the beginning of the feast, wine and meat were served first. There are differences in the meat served at each table. Big Huoduogu and border Huoduogu on the table, on the "Wachi", that is, the pig's back bone meat; Huzhuge Huoduogu on the table, on the "Wachidajiemo", that is, on the back of the pig's back of the third section of the bone meat; big Huada and border Huada on the table, on the "Dale", that is, the shoulder blade meat; Huzhuge Huada's seat on the table, on Yu Ji, that is, the pig back of the coccyx bone meat '; car driver and others on the table, on the "Bao Ri Tos", that is, the elbow meat. But each seat with some other joint meat, such as ribs, vertebrae and other joint meat. After the wine and meat, then the dishes and rice.
After the end of the luncheon, in order to send off the departure of the send-off guests, the male party to send an older man, on behalf of the whole Mokkun people and all the relatives and friends, in the door to the send-off guests one by one toast, known as the "out of the door cup", and then the host and the guest outside the door to say goodbye to each other.
In the traditional custom, the young man must be sent to the banquet to steal some bowls, plates, wine, cups and things like that, to take to the outside of Tuen Mun, to the groom to the outside of Tuen Mun to send off, in addition to stay wine cups, plates, bowls of two, the rest of the whole called the groom to take back. There is also a custom: in the bride's car, horse team just to return, the male family to give a certain amount of wine, meat, snacks, let them take back. Just as the bridegroom outside the Tun to send relatives to send off the occasion, the sender to send a person, from the men's and women's families presented meat from the elbow bone meat, riding back to the male family's front door, the meat will be left to the bride to show that the bride's family to return to the girl is still thinking of the girl. To send meat to return to the caravan, the groom will send a line of relatives to send an invitation to salute, and then return.
According to custom, the bride in the three days after the wedding must be completely self-tailored sewing son-in-law to do a single pants, the in-laws to appreciate how her needlework skills. Three days later, guided by their older sisters-in-law, to the home of the old friends in Benmokun and Tun to their elders to dress, toast and kowtow to recognize their relatives. After the full moon, by the groom to drive a car with wine and food to send his wife back to Ning, the groom can live two or three days back, the bride stayed for a month. In the meantime, the new daughter-in-law should make a pair of shoes for each of her son-in-law's in-laws, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, etc., in order to show care and love, and also to show that the daughter-in-law is a diligent and virtuous person. After a month, they are returned to their in-laws by their father or elder brother accompanied by their mother.
When the bridegroom to the bride's home to marry the first night, there are arrangements for the bridegroom and the bride at a table with a bowl of "Larry" (cream porridge), and then can be in the same room custom. Beforehand, the woman's family invited an aunt or sister-in-law with two children to guide the groom to meet with the bride under her guidance; they were then persuaded to sit across from each other in front of the kang table with a bowl and a pair of chopsticks, and sent thick porridge to each other's mouths, which was called "Sharzetos Lari". The bride and groom have never met in public, not to mention that they have not said a word, almost unknown, to each other's mouth to send porridge to eat, is really a difficult task, therefore, the aunt and sister-in-law must use authority, one side of the persuasion, one side of the force, in order to complete. The purpose of this ceremony is to make the two of them in the marriage, feelings like glue, inseparable, and live in harmony, love each other to the white head.
Daur wedding etiquette:
Daur tradition, men and women once married, can not easily divorce. Divorce, is considered extremely undignified and extremely dishonorable. If a woman is scolded and abused by her in-laws, husband, run back to her mother's home, it is necessary to send a representative of the male Mokun clan to go to the woman's home, the woman's Mokun to make a promise and guarantee that no longer abusive, and to make a note, and only then can the daughter-in-law to pick up. Later, when the abuse occurs again, the female Mokun sends someone to take the girl back to her mother's home. At this point, if the man wants to file for divorce, but lacks a valid reason, the two Mokun cannot agree, and generally all of them are unable to leave. The female party, except in special circumstances, the divorce can be said to be rare. If the girl arbitrarily run back to her mother's home, is not allowed, to be forced by the mother's family back to the in-laws. If a woman is divorced by her husband because of her faults, she will be mercilessly scolded and even beaten by her mother's family.
In the event of a divorce, a childless person must be found to write the divorce papers in the field. The payment for the writing of the divorce papers was about one hundred dongs. In the divorce paperwork, both the man and the woman have to make a pledge, each taking half of the money as evidence of the divorce. In people's concepts, that divorce is extremely unlucky things. Daur people's proverb: "write the divorce book place, three years do not grow grass." You can see how cursed it is. After the divorce, women marrying men are arbitrary, without any restrictions. However, if the person they marry is not as good as the one they originally married, they will be cursed by public opinion as "people who are not blessed". In the event of divorce, all children born to a woman are to be raised by the man, and the woman is not allowed to take the children with her. All that the woman can take with her is the furniture and clothes that her mother's family has given her.
According to tradition, widows are not allowed to remarry during the mourning period. If the mourning period in the life of no one to take care of, the mother's family can take the girl back, but must be in the mourning period after the completion of the remarriage. Otherwise, the male Mokun will intervene and not allowed to marry. Widows with children are not allowed to remarry under normal circumstances. Widows before remarriage, must still live in the in-laws, such as individual occurrences have illegitimate children, she will be sent back to her mother's home, and to be severely condemned by public opinion.
In addition, there are a number of other aspects of customs and etiquette. According to legend, the Daur people in the early years of the wedding, is not to choose the day. To the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, also practiced the choice of marriage, please look at the "day", gradually became a tradition. Such as the first six months of the first month, the first month of the 15th, February 2 do not have to look and outside, the rest of the month Fen to do wedding, all have to choose auspicious day.
Daur people have many homes for the shrine, put it in the west wall of the bed. This shrine is called "Waimajeba Reken". When the family that pays for the shrine marries a daughter-in-law, the bridegroom must prepare colored silk in advance and call it "Zhustihadig". When the new daughter-in-law stepped into the threshold of the in-laws, first of all, to prepare the "beads to the Hadi Ge" hanging in front of the "Waima hot ba hot Ken" like, and honoring the smoke gift, the new daughter-in-law can be seated on the kang.
Marrying daughter-in-law's family, its Tuen Mun, such as the bride's own aunts, aunts or cousins, pro-sisters, family living in Tuen Mun, several families beforehand with the wedding family agreed that when the car to send the bride to the outside of Tuen Mun, they are allowed to receive the daughter-in-law to the home hospitality, and only after it is to welcome the bride's family side to send people to welcome to their own doorsteps.
The bridegroom must know and ask his aunt's parents and aunt's parents whether they are present or not before the wedding banquet starts. When the banquet will start, they must be invited to come to the order of years of age to sit with the drink. Otherwise, it is a breach of etiquette for the sender and will be criticized by the public as impolite.
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