On Confucian Moral Education

First, "returning to tradition" is the first choice to effectively realize the purpose of moral education in colleges and universities.

(A) the traditional moral education system still has great practical value.

Generally speaking, the moral education system formed by Confucian culture in the long-term educational practice mainly includes the following aspects, which still has a comprehensive and far-reaching impact on China's current moral education system and the strategy of "governing the country":

1. Moral education. Traditional moral education represented by Confucianism attaches great importance to theoretical indoctrination and gives it absolute authority to regulate people's words and deeds, thus popularizing ethical concepts well.

2. Enlighten the mind. Confucian traditional culture has always advocated moral education activities in the form of inspiration, which is marked by Confucius' "If you don't get angry, you will be powerful, if you don't get angry, you will be sad, and if you don't get angry, you will be yourself". Confucian classics, such as The Analects of Confucius, have always advocated and advocated taking the benefit of the world as their own responsibility. They all help the educated to solve problems and give guidance. They are models of heuristic education and have had a wide and far-reaching impact on China's ethical tradition.

3. Self-improvement. Marked by Confucius' "Si Qi sees sages, but does not see sages, but introspects", Confucianism advocates that moral education should be based on individual subjective consciousness, constantly improve the self-examination and restraint ability of the educated, and reach a very high level of moral cultivation.

4. Set an example. Confucian traditional moral education especially emphasizes that teachers should set an example, set an example first, correct themselves first, set a moral model for students and convey "positive energy", and also requires rulers to establish "sage" ideology and morality and set a moral example.

5. Love and nurture. Confucianism believes that aesthetic education is a necessary means to cultivate citizens' moral sentiments and shape their ideal moral personality. "Educating people" can not only pay attention to the standardized education and training of "rites" but ignore people's psychological and emotional needs and edification. Therefore, Confucius has always advocated that perfect virtue should be based on poetry, ceremony and music, and has always listed poetry, ceremony and music as compulsory courses in Confucian education.

6. Be practical. Confucianism attaches great importance to the combination of theory and practice, emphasizes the application of knowledge, and thinks that ideology and morality are "formed from the inside and shaped from the outside", and only long-term "investment" can achieve perfection and nobility, so it warns people that "only learning literature" should be tempered by practice and stand various tests at the same time.

(B) "Return to tradition" is the first choice to achieve the purpose of moral education in colleges and universities.

"Without rules, there would be no Fiona Fang". As a member of future enterprises and undertakings, college students should not only know technology and knowledge, but also know and abide by rules to adapt to mainstream social morality. But the current reality is that the more developed the economy, the more prosperous the culture, and the more prominent the problems. The fundamental reason lies in the lag between social development and moral cultivation, which leads to people's "money-centered", serious money worship, disregard for fairness and justice, and ideological and moral decay. The causes of these problems are very complicated, and there is only one solution-"return to tradition"! We should start with popularizing China's traditional culture and ethics, and seek a solution from the wisdom of our ancestors. Therefore, it is urgent to do a good job in moral education in colleges and universities in the new period, calling for "return", which not only requires colleges and universities to systematically and systematically cultivate the excellent moral character of post-90 s college students with more excellent traditional moral education theories, but also requires teachers to integrate more humanistic care and traditional ethics into the moral education process, stimulate students' enthusiasm and interest, and make them actively accept excellent traditional moral values.

Second, "returning to tradition" is actually highly "inclusive"

China's "traditional" moral education system, represented by Confucian moral education, not only has enlightenment value to current moral education in colleges and universities, but also supports and widely absorbs the outstanding achievements of all related disciplines such as ideological and political education, and transforms and strengthens the contents and methods of current moral education in colleges and universities.

(A) Confucian moral education pays attention to the moral reality of students.

1. The content of Confucian moral education mostly combines students' age characteristics, moral development level and real life, especially using concrete examples to make students distinguish things clearly, form cognition and stimulate emotions, laying the foundation for "perseverance and persuasion" in future life.

2. At the same time, promote learning. Confucian moral education system attaches great importance to the connection with related disciplines, so colleges and universities can promote the formation of students' moral character, cultivate students' interests and emotions, subtly influence and promote students' good moral quality, and enhance the effectiveness and interest of moral education.

3. Confucian moral education never avoids the "negative" of society. At present, moral education in colleges and universities mostly advocates positive people or things, and rarely involves negative social phenomena, which invisibly reduces students' social adaptability and immunity. Normal moral education curriculum should not only convey "positive energy", but also let students know how to avoid being hurt by "negative energy", enhance moral judgment, and learn to correctly handle practical problems such as truth, goodness, beauty and ugliness.

(2) Confucian moral education focuses on cultivating students' moral self-discipline and practical spirit.

At present, the methods of moral education in colleges and universities are single and formal, and moral education teachers and courses generally pay more attention to the one-way indoctrination of theories and concepts, ignoring the cultivation of students' subjective initiative, which leads to the lack of students' minimum ability to judge moral problems, while Confucian moral education is not. First of all, Confucian moral education is closely combined with students' moral reality, and it is good at using flexible methods to mobilize students' active participation and spontaneous reflection and cultivate good moral quality. Secondly, love and understand students, carry out targeted moral education, and effectively solve their moral and ideological problems; Then put the moral education theory into practice through various activities, cultivate students' sentiment and will in practice, and transform external constraints into inner conscious compliance and integration of knowledge and action.

(3) Confucian moral education view regards educating people as the primary task.

With the continuous progress of China's industrialization, many colleges and universities attach importance to science and technology, ignore humanities, ignore students' moral education, and pay one-sided attention to test scores. Moreover, the goal of moral education is modeled and idealized, which leads to a false, big and empty moral education goal to some extent. The moral education goal expected by the school eventually becomes an external "slogan", which is out of reach in students' minds. Confucian moral education concept has always pursued to cultivate students into gentlemen and saints with both ability and political integrity, and has always regarded "self-cultivation and family harmony" as the primary purpose of moral education. Therefore, while imparting knowledge to students, we should pay more attention to their moral education, cultivate students' patriotism and love for society, and have a sense of social responsibility of "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", and finally realize the harmonious unity of moral cultivation and foreign words and deeds, so as to achieve the goal of governing the country and safeguarding the country.

(D) Confucian moral education pays attention to the exemplary role of teachers.

Confucian moral education has always emphasized the self-education of moral subjects and clearly pointed out the important role of teachers in the growth of educated people. Based on this, college teachers should do the following two things in specific education: 1. Give an example to demonstrate. We should always lead by example, be a teacher everywhere, teach and educate people, and influence and edify students with sound personality, noble sentiments and good teachers' ethics. 2. Teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Starting from the reality of students, we should put forward different requirements according to the personality characteristics of different students, so that the depth, breadth and progress of education can adapt to the actual level and acceptance ability of students, so that everyone can obtain ideal studies.

(5) Confucian moral education pays attention to the use of family, school and society to promote the all-round development of students.

Confucianism has always attached importance to the different moral education functions of family, school and society, and it is still of great practical significance to combine them organically in today's moral education work in colleges and universities. First of all, schools, families and society support each other and have the same goal, which constitutes an ideal environment for students to learn and grow, each with its own characteristics and advantages. Only when the three are coordinated and complement each other can we achieve the best educational effect; Secondly, we should strengthen the connection between family education and schools. Although college students have left their families, their parents still have the role of restraint, supervision and demonstration because their families are the starting point of their moral education. Parents should keep close contact with the school, which not only preserves the "right to know", but also helps the school to give timely feedback, so as to improve and strengthen moral education purposefully, planned and organized. Third, schools should take the initiative to strengthen contact with society. Because the school is inevitably influenced by the social environment, it is necessary to actively carry out moral education in combination with reality, guide students to rationally analyze social problems and their causes, and learn to grow up healthily. "Returning to tradition" is a moral education mode of seeking truth from facts and keeping pace with the times. Although the traditional moral education system represented by Confucian moral education also has its limitations, as long as it is critically inherited, its essence can be utilized, making it an inexhaustible source and motive force for building a new theoretical system of moral education in practice.