What engines do all kinds of cars use?

Your problem is too big. At present, the mainstream engines are gasoline and diesel, as well as hybrid engines.

The most common one in China is gasoline engine. The main technology of Japanese brands such as Toyota, Honda, Nissan, Mitsubishi and Mazda is variable valve timing, which is also called v v t or DVT.

The main German brands Mercedes-Benz, Audi, BMW, Porsche and Volkswagen basically have the latest in-cylinder direct injection technology, and the most common one is Volkswagen's FSI. The working principle is the same, but Mercedes-Benz and BMW have different names.

American cars: Buick, Chevrolet, Cadillac and Ford under GM also have direct injection technology; Chrysler, JEEP, the models currently on sale have no direct injection engine, but the 300C has variable cylinder function.

Other European cars: Peugeot Citroen, Fiat, etc., are basically similar to Japanese cars.