Middle School Literary Knowledge

Summary

I. Common Borrowed Words:

1. Sanzi: Hometown

2. Peach and Plum: Students

3. Saji and Xuan Yuan: Countries

4. Nan Guan: Prisoners

5. Fellow Students: Classmates

6. Beacon: War

7. Towel: Women

8.

8, silk and bamboo: music

9, eyebrows: men

10, Canyon, Chang'e: the moon

11, hands and feet: brothers

12, sweat: the annals of history

13, husband and wife: husband and wife

14, white daughters, cloth: the people

15, hunchbacked, yellow hair: the old man

16, Mulberry and hemp: agriculture

17, carry, tufts of hair: children

18, three feet: law

19, knee: parents

20, huagai: luck

21, letter, brief, paper, hongyan, zha: correspondence

22, temple: court

II. Authors' works:

1, Tang and Song dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong

2, also known as the "Han Liu" is Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, they are the Tang Dynasty, the advocate of the ancient literary movement.

3, a father and son of three words: Su Xun (old Su), Su Shi (big Su), Su Zhe (small Su).

4, the bold school of lyricists: Su Shi, Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; euphemistic school of lyricists: Li Qingzhao (female lyricist)

5, Li Du: Li Bai, Du Fu. Small Li Du: Li Shangyin, Du Mu.

6, Qu Yuan: China's earliest great poets, he created a new poetic form of "Chu Rhetoric", the beginning of China's poetry Romantic style.

7, Confucius name Qiu, the word Zhongni, the Spring and Autumn period of the State of Lu, he is the founder of Confucianism, known as the "Confucius Sage", Mencius is known as "Sage", and the two men are known as "Confucius and Mencius". The two were known together as "Kong and Meng".

8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "having a painting in his poem and a poem in his painting."

9. Du Fu is a great realist poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose poems reflect the social reality in a broad and profound way, which is known as the "History of Poetry", and Du Fu is also honored as the "Sage of Poetry". He was also honored as the "Sage of Poetry" for his famous "Three Officials": "Tongguan Receptionist", "Shitou Receptionist" and "Xin'an Receptionist"; and "Three Farewells": "Farewell to a Newlywed", "Farewell to an Elderly Man" and "Farewell to a Family Without a Home".

10, China's first chronicle of the general history is the "Shiji" (also known as the "Book of the Grand Historian"), the author of the Han Dynasty's Sima Qian, Lu Xun called the "Shiji" for "the historians of the perfect song, unrhymed "Li Sao," with: 12 Chronicles, 30 Shiji, 70 biographies, 10 tables, 8 books, ****130 articles.

11, "four histories": "Historical Records", "Book of Han", "Book of Later Han", "Three Kingdoms".

12, the four great masters of Yuanqu: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Park, Ma Zhiyuan.

13, "Liaozhai Zhiyi" is China's first excellent collection of short stories in the literary language, the author is the famous novelist Pu Songling in the Qing Dynasty. "Liaozhai" is the name of his study, "Zhi" is a narrative, and "Yi" is something strange.

14, the four great masters of calligraphy: Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ouyang Xun, Zhao Meng (fǔ)

15, the warring states period, a hundred schools of thought main schools and representatives:

Confucianism: Confucius Mencius

Faith: Han Feizi

Daoism: Zhuang Zi, Lie Zi

Moism: Mozi

16, the four great masters of the Southern Song Dynasty: Lu You, Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, You Jang

17, Border Poets: Gao Shi, Cen Sen, Wang Changling

18, Tang Zong: Tang Taizong Li Shimin, Song Ancestor: Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty Qin Emperor: Qin Shi Huang Yingzheng, Qin Shi Huang, Han Wu, Han Wu Di Liu Che

19, China's first idyllic poet was Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, who " did not bend his back for five buckets of rice."

20, the four great misers in world literature: Grotesque, Shylock, Slippery Higgins, Abagon.

21, the typical Chinese miser: Yan Supervisor.

3. The best of Chinese literature:

The earliest general collection of poems was the Book of Poetry;

The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan;

The earliest idyllic poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty;

The earliest and most outstanding border poets were Gao Shi and Cen Shen of the Sheng Tang Dynasty;

The most outstanding ancient bold and liberal lyricist was Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty

The most outstanding female lyricist in the ancient times was Li Qingzhao of the Southern Song Dynasty;

The most famous patriotic lyricist in the ancient times was Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty;

The greatest romantic poet in the ancient times was Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty;

The greatest realistic poet in the ancient times was Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty;

The patriotic poet in the ancient times who wrote the most poems was Lu You of the Southern Song Dynasty;

The most famous long mythological novel in antiquity is Journey to the West by Wu Cheng'en of the Ming Dynasty;

The most famous long historical novel in antiquity is Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong of the early Ming Dynasty;

The earliest long novel written about a peasant uprising in antiquity is Water Margin by Shi Nai'an of the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty;

The greatest long novel of realism in antiquity is Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin of the Qing Dynasty

The most outstanding long satirical novel in antiquity is Wu Jingzhi's The History of the Confucian Forests in the Qing Dynasty;

The most outstanding collection of short stories in the literary language in antiquity is Pu Songling's Liaozhai Zhiyi (Liaozhai Zhiqi) in the Qing Dynasty;

The earliest discursive prose in antiquity is Analects;

The earliest chronicle in antiquity is Zuo Zhuan (Zuo Zhuan);

The earliest documentary general history in antiquity is Zao Zhuan (Zuo Zhuan);

Ancient The earliest chronological general history is the Shiji;

The most outstanding inscription in antiquity is Liu Yuxi's The Inscription of the Ugly Room in the Tang Dynasty;

The greatest literary figure of modern times is Lu Xun;

The most outstanding long novel of modern times is Mao Dun's Ziye (The Night of the Son);

The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Nao (Scream).

Four, cultural knowledge:

1, the early Tang Four Heroes: Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, Luo Binwang.

2, the Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu, Wu.

3, "four classical masterpieces": "Dream of the Red Chamber", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West".

4. "The Four Great Folk Legends": "The Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Meng Jiangnu", and "The Legend of the White Snake".

5, the world's four short story giants: Chekhov, Maupassant, Mark Twain, O. Henry.

6. Su Shi's prose represents the highest achievement of prose in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his poems and Huang Tingjian are known as "Su Huang".

7. Ma Zhiyuan's masterpiece of prose, Tianjingsha - Autumn Thoughts, is known as the "ancestor of autumn thoughts".

8, Cao Xueqin "Phi reading ten years, add and delete five times" created China's classical novels in the greatest work of realism "Dream of Red Mansions" (also known as the "Stone Book"), which came out on the widely circulated, loved by the people, but also appeared to specialize in the study of the book of a study - "Redology". -The study of the book has become an important topic in the study of world literature.

9, Lu Xun is the founder of modern Chinese literature, Chen Yi is known as "marshal poet";

Zang Kejia because of his poems are mostly rural subjects, there is "soil poet";

Tianmai was known as "drummer of the times" by Wen Yiduo. "the drummer of the times" (drum-beating poet).

10. Three Friends of the Year: Pine, Bamboo and Plum.

11, the four gentlemen of flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum.

12, the literati four friends: qin, chess, calligraphy, painting.

13, the four treasures: pen, ink, paper, inkstone.

14, the four libraries: scripture, history, son, collection.

15, "Poetry" "six meanings" refers to: wind, elegance, ode (classification), fugue, than, rise (expression).

16, Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuanqu Opera, Ming and Qing novels.

17, laurel, ao-tao, top of the list, ask, win: first.

18, three programs and five rules: "three programs": the father for the son, the ruler for the minister, and the husband for the wife; "five rules": benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faith.

19. "The Four Books" and "The Five Classics" are the main classics of Confucianism: "The Four Books" means "The Analects", "Mencius", "The Meanwhile", and "The University"; The "Five Classics" refers to the "Poems," "Books," "Rites," "Changes," and "Spring and Autumn Annals" (春秋).

20. Three Emperors: Emperor of Heaven, Emperor of Earth, Emperor of Man or Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong;

Five Emperors: Emperor Huangdi, Zhuanxu, ?àòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòàòà, and Yu Shun.

21, hardware: gold, silver, copper, iron, tin.

22, five flavors: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy, salty.

23, five elements: gold, wood, water, fire, earth.

24. "Yong" means that the character "Yong" has eight strokes: dot, horizontal, vertical, skimming, pressing, folding, hooking and lifting.

25, the ancient school has the name of 庠, sequence, the Imperial College, etc., the highest school in the Ming and Qing Dynasties for the State Prison.

26, the three religions and nine streams: "three religions": Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism; "nine streams": Confucianism, Taoism, yin and yang, legal, famous, Mohist, Zongheng and Hengshi, miscellaneous, agricultural.

27, the ancient imperial examinations (from the Sui Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties):

A child test, also known as the "child test", the test takers, regardless of age, are called children, qualified to obtain the qualification of the student (Xiu Cai, Sang Kung), so that they can participate in the imperial examinations.

B township test, the Ming and Qing dynasties every three years in the provincial capitals of the provinces held an examination, by the catechists to participate in the examination, the examination is called lifts, the first named solution (jiè).

C will test, the Ming and Qing dynasties every three years in the capital held an examination, the provinces of the lifts and the State Prison Supervisor can be examined, the admission of three hundred for the tributary, the first name will be called Yuan.

D Temple Examination, is the highest level of the imperial examination system, the emperor in the temple court, on the test admitted to the tributary personally questioned, in order to determine the first. Acceptance of three a: a three, give "scholar and the first" title, the first name of the scholar (Ding Yuan), the second name of the top, the third name of the flower, collectively referred to as "three a tripod"; two a number of names, give "scholar's origin

Attached to this document is the title of the "Scholar of the Imperial College of China", and the title of the "Scholar of the Imperial College of China" is given to a number of the second-ranked candidates.

Attachment: (Table)

Levels

(Children's Examination) Court Examination

Official Imperial Examination

Countryside Examination

Congress Examination

Temple Examination

Timetable

Annual

Three-yearly (Autumn)

Three-yearly (Spring)

April of the same year after the Congressional Examination

Place

Prefectures

Provincial Cities

Ministry of Rites (Capital)

Palaces

Test Takers

Jushengs, Boys' Pupils

Showcritters

Lifetime Lifetime Lifetime Graduation

Tribute Scholars

Gaining Merits

Showcriters

(Lifetime Lifetime Lifetime) p>

(Lifu) The first place is Xieyuan

(Gongshi) The first place is Huiyuan

(Jinshi) The first three places are:

Scholarship, Top Eyes, and Tanhua

The official classification of imperial examinations: three levels: township, parliamentary, and temple examinations.

Three consecutive A (Sanyuan and Di Di): Xieyuan - Huiyuan - Scholar Ancient imperial examinations.

V. V. Poetry and people:

① Three Gu frequently the world plan, two dynasties to open the heart of the old minister. --Ge Liang

② Before the division was killed, long make the heroes tears in the lapel. --Ge Liang

③ The first table of the world, a thousand years, who can be between the two. --Ge Liang

4 Knowing that the world is in three places, I still try my best to get out of the division. --Zhuge Liang

⑤ Just and upright, leaving the righteousness of the sky; the sorrow and indignation of the ghost, writing a history of the letter to illuminate the world. --Shi Ma Qian

6. You can watch the wine in the flowers and grind the needle on the stone, and you can lean on the sword and hang the bow on Fusang outside of the sky. --Li Bai

7 The ancient poetic talent, Penglai article Jian'an bone; a proud bone, Qinglian monk banished immortal. --Li Bai

⑧ Weng went eight hundred years, drunkenness is still there; mountain line six or seven miles, the pavilion shadow is not alone. --Ouyang Xiu

9 Teppanyaki following the Dongpo singing the Great River to the east, the United States celery sad corn Ji Southern Song Mo with the wild geese flying south. --Xin Qiji

⑩ World devastation, poetry in the saint; human suffering, the bottom of the waves. --Wen Tianxiang

The deep thoughts of the people who have raised their hearts in the air, and the sad winds of the past on the Buluo River, are all in the air. --Qu Yuan

The four lakes and mountains are in the bottom of his eyes, and the sorrows and joys of ten thousand families are in his heart. --Fan Zhongyan

For a hundred generations, the river has been running in waves to nourish the heroes of the past; for a thousand years, the word garden has been in bloom, with a branch of daughter's flower in full bloom. --Li Qingzhao

The translation of the book has not yet been completed, shocked to hear that the star has fallen, who in China to lead the cry? Mr. Li has already passed away, remembering the old rain, and the literary world has been in a state of uncertainty ever since.

Mao Zedong called Zhu Ziqing, "A man who does not bend his back for five buckets of rice."

Lenin praised Gorky: "The most outstanding representative of proletarian art."

The incarnation of ballet: Ulanova.

Guan Hanqing was called: "Shakespeare of the East."

Six, a sentence commentary:

① "Romance of the Three Kingdoms": the text is not very deep, the words are not very vulgar.

② "Dream of the Red Chamber": words seem to be blood, ten years of hard work is not unusual. (Cao Xueqin)

③Mengxi Bianan: the coordinates in the history of Chinese science and technology. (English - Joseph Lee)

4) Dragon fights and tigers: "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"

5) The emperor's mirror: "Ziji Tongjian"

6) timeless sayings: "Strategies of the Warring States"

7) immortal art of war: "The Art of War"

8) the funeral song of the olden times: "Xiangzi Camel"

seven, the person's appellation:

( (A) called the word: named by the father of the elders named at an early age, adult (male 20, female 15) to take the word Shen Dehong word Yanbing, Lu Xun word Yu Cai.

(2) title: generally used only for self-proclaimed, in order to show some kind of interest or express some kind of emotion, the age is not limited, such as Li Bai Qinglianju Shi, Bai Juyi Xiangshanju Shi, Li Qingzhao Yi Anju Shi.

(3) Posthumous title: ancient princes and generals, senior officials, famous scribes and other titles were added after death, such as Fan Zhongyan said Wenzheng, Ouyang Xiu said Wenzhong.

(4) called origin: named after the place of origin, such as Meng Haoran called Meng Xiangyang, Liu Zongyuan also known as Liu Hedong.

(v) Official Name: Named after a person's official name, e.g. Du Fu called Du Gongbu (杜工部).

(6) Official Place: Named after the place where a person is an official. For example, Cen Sen: Cen Jiazhou Liu Zongyuan called Liu Liuzhou

(vii) Ancient emperors bestowed titles (positions) on nobles and meritorious ministers: Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi, and Mans (five classes)

VIII. Modest titles:

1. Self-appellation: stupid, my, humble, subject, servant

2. Emperors' self-appellation: lone, widowed, and 朕

3、 Ancient officials' self-appellation: lower official, last official, Small official

4, readers call themselves: young, late, late learning, untalented, unworthy

5, the ancients called their own side of the relatives and friends with the family or house: such as father, mother, brother, brother, sister, nephew

6, other words of modesty:

Elderly person: on the

The late generation calls itself: in the

Elderly person: in the

Olderly person: old man, old man

Elderly person: old man, old man, old man

The old man calls himself

Women's self-effacement: concubine

Nine, honorifics:

1, to the emperor: long live, the emperor, the son of heaven, the emperor, His Majesty, the king

2, to the generals: under the banner

3, for each other or each other's relatives of the honorifics with the order, honors, Xian

Order: your father (the other side of the father), the order of the mother (the other side of the mother), your brother (the other side of the brother), your brother (the other side of the brother), your brother (the other side of the brother) （

Zhun: used to refer to people and things related to each other.

Zun Shang (the other party's parents) Zun Gong, Zun Jun, Zun Fu (the other party's father)

Zun Tang (the other party's mother) Zun Kin (the other party's relatives) Zun Order (the other party's command) Zun Yi (the other party's meaning)

Xian: to refer to one's peers or juniors.

Xianjia (referring to the other party) xianlang (the other party's son) xiandi (the other party's younger brother)

Ren: Calling the person who is older than oneself among friends of the same generation as Renjie. Calling a person of high status Ren Gong.

4. To call an old man zhang (丈), zhangren (丈人). After the Tang Dynasty, the father-in-law was called Joe, also known as Taishan. The wife's mother was called mother-in-law, also known as Taishui.

5, before the title "first" table has died, used to honor the high status or older people.

Saying the dead father: Xiankao, Xianfu.

To refer to the dead mother: mother, mother, mother.

The dead person of talent and virtue: Xianxian (先贤).

Dead emperors: the late emperor.

6. The king addresses his ministers with respect: qing, aiqing.

7. For those who are of noble character and superior wisdom, they are addressed with the word "saint"; "Confucius" is "saint"; "Mencius" is "sublime". "Confucius" as "saint", "Mencius" as "saint", "Du Fu" as "saint of poetry", and later on, "saint" was used for emperors and kings, such as "saint", "saint", "saint", "saint", "saint", "saint". Later on, the word "saint" was mostly used for emperors and kings, such as "saint" and "saint".

Ten, special titles:

1, the title of the people: cloth, the people, the people, the people, the people, rogue.

2, Bo (Meng) Zhong Shuji: brothers in the line of generations in the order of the eldest and youngest.

Bo (Meng) is the eldest, Zhong is the second, uncle is the third, quarter is the fourth.

3. The titles of different friendships:

Poor and lowly friends: friends made when they are lowly and of low status.

Friends of the Golden Orchid: friends who are as close to each other as brothers.

Axis and neck: friends who share the same life and death ****.

Friends who have forgotten years: friends who are of different generations and have a big difference in age.

Bamboo and Horse: friends of the opposite sex who grew up together.

Friends in Cloth: friends who are commoners.

Friends in Times of Trouble: friends made in times of trouble.

4. Age:

Hair: three or four years old - eight or nine years old.

The total horn: eight or nine years old - thirteen or fourteen years old.

Cardamom: thirteen or fourteen - fifteen or sixteen years of age (a metaphor for a person who has not yet reached adulthood, and the age of adolescence is known as the "cardamom years").

Weak crown: 20 years old.

Rising: 30 years old.

Not confused: 40 years old.

Knowing one's destiny: 50 years old.

Flowering: 60 years old.

Ancient: 70 years old.

Oldest old: 80, 90 years old.

Elderly: 100 years old.

Eleven, the ancient official appointment and removal of lift:

1, move: transfer, transfer, generally refers to the promotion of the official; left to move for the demotion of the transfer.

2. Banishment: demotion and transfer.

3. worship: to confer an official position on.

4. authorize: to confer an official position on.

5. 擢：选拔，提拔。

6. remove: to remove from an old post and take up a new one.

7. Strike: to remove or suspend from office.

8. Exempt: to remove from an official position.

9. depose: to depose, to demote, also used to disinherit a king or a prince.

XII. Geography Part:

1. Yin: north of the mountain and south of the water Yang: south of the mountain and north of the water

2. Left: east is left Right: west is right.

3. River: Yellow River. River: Yangtze River

4, Five Mountains: Mount Tai (East), Mount Heng (South), Mount Hua (West), Mount Heng (North), Mount Song (Center)

5, Four Famous Buddhist Mountains: Mount Wutai, Mount Jiuwashan, Mount Emei, Mount Putuo.

6, the six: heaven, earth, east, south, west, north six directions.

7, eight deserts: east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north, northeast eight directions.

8, China's ancient name: Jiuzhou, Shenzhou, Chixian, Huaxia, Jutu, Zhonghua, Huaxia.

9. Important town names, ancient and modern.

Suzhou: Gusu

Chengdu: Jinguancheng

Nanjing: Jinling, Jianye, Jiankang, Danyang, Jiangning, Baixia, Stone City.

Yangzhou: Weiyang, Yangcheng, Huai Shang, Jiangdu, Guangling.

Beijing: Dadu, Yanjing, Shenjing.

Kaifeng: Daliang, Bianliang, Tokyo.

Zhenjiang: Jingkou.

Hangzhou: Lin'an, Wulin, Qiantang.

10, some cities in China alias.

Kunming - Spring City

Suzhou - the Venice of China

Chongqing - City of Mountains, City of Fog

Lhasa - City of Sunshine

Guangzhou - City of Flowers, City of Sheep, City of Five Rams

Xuzhou - Pengcheng

11, the Yangtze River on the "Three Furnaces": Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing.

Thirteen, astronomy part:

1, Beidou, also known as the Big Dipper seven stars, batch of morning northern sky arranged in the shape of a bucket (spoon) of seven bright stars, Polaris, the symbol of the northern sky.

2, Leap year, the lunar year divided by 4 or 100 (year 00 divided by 100), the year that can be divided is a leap year.

3. Twenty-four solar terms: (see the dictionary song of solar terms)

4. Traditional festivals.

Shangyuan, the Lantern Festival, is the fifteenth day of the first month.

Cold food, 2 or 3 days before Qingming.

Chongyang, the ninth day of the ninth month.

Duanwu (端午), the fifth day of the fifth month, in honor of Qu Yuan (屈原).

Mid-Autumn Festival, August 15th.

5. Chronology.

(1) A.D. chronology.

(2) Emperor and year number chronology, spring of the fourth year of the Qingli.

(3) The method of chronology of the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, Heavenly Stems: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, C, N, and K.

Earth Branches: Zi, U, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Huxu, Hai.

Attached table (Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches dating method):

Heavenly Stems

A

B

C

D

E

F

Hex

Geng

Hex

Non

Deca

(except for 10)

4

4

All the branches of the Earth: Zi, Jiu, Yin, Mao, Sun, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Hundred Days, and Hai.

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

Earth Branches

Son

Ugly

Chin

Mao

Chen

Si

Noon

Un

Shen

You

Hux

Hai

(except 12)

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

0

1

2

3

Calculated by dividing the calendar year by 10, with the remainder being the celestial stem order.

Divide the calendar year by 12, and the remainder is the order of the Earth's branches.

For example: 1919, the lunar calendar year, the calculation of the celestial trunk, with 1919 divided by 10, the remainder of 1, to the table "1" for "Xin"; ground branch calculation, with 1919 divided by 12, the remainder of 3, to the table "3" is "Hai", then 1919 is the year of "Xinhai", so the "Xinhai Revolution" happened in 1919.

6, month method (not common, omitted).

7, the date method.

The first day of the month is the first day of the month, the fifteenth or sixteenth day of the month (the fifteenth day of the youngest month and the sixteenth day of the oldest month), and the hope is the first day of the month.

Table:

Sunrise

Eclipse time

Corners

Sundown

Sundown

Sun Jackson

Asr

Sundown

Dusk

People's fixing

Night half

Cockcrowing

Pingdan

5-7

5-7

7-9

7

8, Chronology. p>

7-9

9-11

11-13

13-15

15-17

17-19

19-21

21-23

23-1

1-3

3-5

Five shifts: starting at 7:00 pm, one shift every two hours, five shifts for 3:00 am - 5:00 am.

The examination of general knowledge of literature is an important part of the middle school examination, and there is almost no skill in solving this part of the problem, we can only rely on the usual literacy and accumulation, in this article, we are based on the students' knowledge and accumulation of the articles they have learned in the junior high school. In this article, we are based on the students in the junior high school articles involved in the author, in order to age as a division, for you to organize a valuable general knowledge of literature information, I hope that all students in the preparation of the secondary school exam review will help.

I. Pre-Qin

Writers

Texts

Remarks

Confucius (name Qiu, character Zhongni.)

The Analects, a book recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, is the history of China and the first discourse work.

China's history and famous thinker, educator, founder of the Confucian school.

Zuo Qiu Ming (Spring and Autumn period of the State of Lu historian)

The Cao Yu war "The Battle of Cuisine"

Zuo Chuan, also known as the Spring and Autumn left biography, Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. Chronological history book, historical prose.

Meng Ke (孟轲) (name Terrible, character Zi Hui.)

The Fish I Desire, The Fish I Desire, Zhuang Storm Meets Mencius

Confucian master. Mengzi (孟子) is a book that records the thoughts, words and deeds of Mencius. Mencius' thoughts are mainly about benevolent government, the nobility of the people, and the lightness of the ruler.

Chuang Zhou

The Butcher's Ox

The master of Taoism. Zhuang Zi has in politics and advocates inaction, in spirituality and advocates freedom.

Qu Yuan (née Ping, a native of Chu during the Warring States period)

"Shibi Jiang"

"Li Sao" is the longest lyrical poem in ancient China. It is one of the " Nine Chapters".

Xunzi (名况)

《劝学》

《Xunzi》is a prose essay by Zhu Zi.

Lie Zi (née Kou, also known as Mikou.)

Yu Gong Yishan (愚公移山)

韩非 (Representative of the School of Legalism.)

Second, Two Han Dynasty

Jia Yi

The Essay on Overcoming the Qin Dynasty (过秦论) and the Essay on the Accumulation and Storage of Stores (論积贮疏)

Western Han Dynasty literati.

Si Ma Qian (Zi Chang.)

The Hongmen Banquet

The Lord Xinling Stealing the Talisman to Save Zhao

The Shiji, formerly known as the Book of the Grand Historian, is the first biographical history of China. There are 12 Benci (biographies of emperors), 30 Shijia (biographies of vassals), 70 Liezhuan (biographies of famous people), 10 tables, 8 books, **** 130 articles. Lu Xun called it "the greatest song of the historians, the unrhymed "Li Sao"".

Chen Xuling of the Southern Dynasties

"Southeast Flight of the Peacock"

is one of the longest narrative poems in ancient times.

Third, Wei, Jin, and North-South Dynasties

Cao 操 (字孟德), Emperor Wu of Wei.

Guanyang Canghai

Cao Cao was a famous statesman, militarist, and man of letters. " Three Cao " : refers to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi (talented).

Geliang Zhuge Liang (字孔明.)

The Table of Exit

Politician, strategist

Gan Bao (Historian of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.)

Sou Shen Ji (搜神记)

Writing stories about gods, monsters and spirits.

Chen Shou

The Records of the Three Kingdoms

Liu Yiqing

The New Sayings of the World

also known as The New Book of the World's Sayings

Fan Ye (a Song historian of the Southern Dynasty)

The Book of the Later Han Dynasty

With the Records of the Historical Records, the Book of the Han Dynasty, and the Records of the Three Kingdoms, it is known as the " Four Histories ".

Tao Yuanming (name: Qian, character: Yuanliang, name: Mr. Jingjie)

"Returning to the Garden and Dwelling in the Fields" "Drinking Wine"

Poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty

Liu Innoctrination

"Carving Dragons out of the Heart of the Writers"

China's earliest theoretical work on literature and art

Fourth: Tang Dynasty

Wang Bo (character: Zi'an.).

He, together with Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang, was known as the " Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty".

He Zhizhang (贺知章)（字季真，自号 "四明狂客"）

《回乡偶书》

Wang Zhilu (字季陵.)

Lyrics of Liangzhou

Meng Haoran

With Wang Wei, Meng Haoran is also known as "Wang Meng", a representative of "landscape and idyllic poems", which describes natural scenery and has a fresh and natural poetic style.

Li Bai (李 白), known as Taibai (太白), was known as the Green Lotus Dweller (青莲居士).

"Dreaming of Traveling to Tianmu and Saying Farewell"

The poem has a magnificent style, rich imagination, and smooth and natural language. Li Bai is a famous romantic poet. He is known as the " Poetry Immortal".

Du Fu (the word Zimei, called himself Shaoling wild old man, served as the inspector of the Ministry of Public Works, the world known as Ben Du Gongbu.)

The Song of the Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind

Du Fu represents the peak of the art of realist poetry, and is known as the " History of Poetry". He pioneered the lefu poems, which were written on the spot, and gave a direct impetus to the new lefu movement later led by Bai Juyi. He is known as the "Sage of Poetry".

The Border Poets

Wang Zhilu, Wang Changling, Gao Shi, and Cen Sen are the representatives of the Border Poets, whose themes reflect the scenery of the borders and the military life, and whose styles are tragic and grand, and whose strokes are bold and robust.

Han Yu (the word "retreat", his ancestry is Changli, and he is known as Han Changli).

The Teacher's Discourse

The Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, and Zeng Gong of the Song Dynasty.

Liu Yuxi (劉禹锡)(字梦得.)

The Inscription of the Ugly Room

Inscription: Originally, it was an ancient text engraved on an object to warn oneself or to glorify the merits and virtues of an object, but later it developed into an independent literary style with a short form and concise text.

Bai Juyi (the word Lotte, the name of Xiangshan Jushi.)

The Pipa Line (and its preface), The Song of Long Hatred

Advocates the idea that essays should be written for the time, and songs and poems should be composed for the time. （

Liu Zongyuan (Zi Hou. Worldly known as Liu Hedong, also known as Liu Liuzhou.)

Han Liu: A collective name for the Tang Dynasty prose writers Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan. They were advocates of the Tang Dynasty's Ancient Wen movement, which advocated the abandonment of the flashy and insubstantial parallelism of the Six Dynasties and the creation of prose that was rich in content and free in form.

Du Mu (杜牧)(字牧之.)

Afang Palace Fu

Fu: a style of writing that emphasizes diction, couplets, and rhyme. However, there are also prose-based ones, interspersed with a few rhymes.

Li Shangyin (李商隐)(字义山.)

Li Du: one refers to Li Bai and Du Fu; the other refers to Li Shangyin and Du Mu (also known as Xiao Li Du).