A brief introduction to the life of He Jia, the 12th monarch of Shang Dynasty.

A brief introduction to the life of He Jia, the 12th monarch of Shang Dynasty.

He Jia, also known as Jia Jia, is the son of Shang King Taiwu, the younger brother of Shang King Zhong Ding, and a foreigner. After the death of the foreign king of Shang Dynasty, He Jia succeeded to the throne of Shang Dynasty.

In the first year of Hejia, the state power of Shang Dynasty declined again. In order to alleviate the contradictions within the royal family, He moved the capital from Xiao to Xiang (now Henan Huang).

Hejian for three years, with the help of Guo Peng and China, the Shang Dynasty made Pi submit to the Shang Dynasty.

Hejian four years, sent troops to conquer the eastern tribe Lanyi.

He Jia has been making friends with classmates for five years. He ordered Pumbaa and Webb to lead the army to conquer the shack, and the shack surrendered. In this way, people were isolated, so they also surrendered to the Shang Dynasty and paid tribute to it.

He Jia died in the ninth year and was succeeded by his son Zu Ti.

Political measures

When He Jia ascended the throne, there were worries and contradictions at home and abroad, and he had to move the capital to reverse the unfavorable situation. The relocation of the capital eased the contradictions within the royal family to a certain extent. After a short stay in pacify, He family launched wars to conquer Lanyi and Banfang successively.

When He was in power, he contributed to the stability of Shang Dynasty and laid the foundation for the revival of Zu Ti.

The relocation of the capital

Controversial website

Businessmen have moved repeatedly, and there is a saying in history that "the first eight are followed by five". The determination of these specific sites is of great significance to the reconstruction of Shang history and the solution of related academic problems, but most of them have not been confirmed by archaeology so far, and He Family's life is one of them. Three books, Zhushuzhi, Shangshu Preface and Yinbenji Historical Records, all say that He moved to Hunan. There are three legends about the burial place of He family after death: one is Xiang (now Neihuang County, Henan Province); Second, Tang Yin (now tangyin county); Third, near Yin (now the south bank of Huanshui).

history

Regarding the location of Xiang, Kong Anguo was quoted as saying in Historical Records: "(Xiang), the place name is in Hebei". As for its specific location, there are three main statements:

Speaking of today, it is yellow. "National Records" contains: "Therefore, Yin Cheng is located in the southeast of Huangxian County in Xiangzhou, so why is it the capital city, hence the name Yin Cheng". "Yuanhe County Records" (volume 16) Yizhou, Hebei Road has Huang: "Therefore, Yin Cheng is ten miles southeast of the county, and Wang Yinhe is in Jiaju, because this city was built." "Taiping Universe" has a similar record, and many scholars have said since then.

One said in Anyang today. Tang Du You's Tongdian Volume 178 Xiangzhou Chapter: "Xiangzhou (now Anyang County), Yinwang River, that is, its land is also ... After Wei Daowu set up Xiangzhou, he took the meaning of Xiang Jiaju." In the Song Dynasty, Wang Yinglin quoted Lei Yao from Tong Jian Geographical Interpretation: "Benyin Site in Anyang County, the so-called northern Mongols; Jiacheng is fifty miles and forty paces, on the south bank of Lianshui. " The Song Dynasty's History of Country Names not only mentioned He Jia lived in Neihuang, but also mentioned He Jia's old city and Jiazhong was in Anyang. In the Song Dynasty, Lu Dalin said that many Shang bronzes recorded in archaeological maps were "derived from leaves". Among them, the fourth volume records a copper coin, saying, "I heard that it was obtained by Jia's tomb on the bank of Lianshui."

One is in Xiang County, Pei County, which is now Fuliji in Xuzhou South, Jiangsu Province and Suzhou North, Anhui Province. In Dingshan, according to the chronicles of ancient bamboo books, there was a case of levying Lanyi in Hejian, which was considered together with the relocation of Zhong Ding to Yimeng area. Chen and others followed up.

For the theory of "Xiangxiang County in Peixian County", it is not appropriate to attach a meeting just because there is A Xiangshan near Fuliji. Zou Heng and other scholars have made incisive arguments on this. The theory of Anyang was the most popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties, but with the discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, a small village in Anyang, and the determination of Yin Ruins as the capital of Pan Geng, this theory died, which seems to be a conclusion. Nowadays, most researchers take the theory of internal jaundice as an example. However, no large-scale commercial cultural sites of the same period were found in Hejia residence in the History of Neihuang, and few commercial sites were found in this area, so it is unlikely to be the capital city. In this way, the exact location of Du Xiang has become an unsolved case.

Where the hell is Du Xiang? The regional archaeological investigation by the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and other units in Huan River Basin and the excavation of Huanbei Huayuanzhuang site (located about 3.5 kilometers north of Anyang City, Henan Province) provide important clues for exploring Hejia residence.

history

Historical Records Volume III Yin Benji III

family member

Grandfather: Wang Shang Tai Geng

Father: Wang Shang Taiwu.

Uncle: Wang Shang Jony J and Wang Shang Yongji.

Brother: Zhong Ding, King of Shang Dynasty, Foreign Minister of Shang Dynasty.

Son: Zuyi, King of Shang Dynasty.

Grandsons: Wang Shangzu Xin and Wang ShangWo Jia.