What does the high transaminase in the physical examination report mean? What should I pay attention to?

Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are the two most common important indexes of liver function examination in physical examination report.

As we know, the liver is the "biochemical center" of the human body, and a large number of substances have various biochemical reactions on the liver every day. These two enzymes are the most important indexes of liver function, and they can reflect whether liver cells are damaged, inflamed and necrotic.

High transaminase refers to the increase of aspartate transaminase or alanine transaminase! There are many reasons for their rise, and the common ones are as follows.

First, physiological increase. One of the requirements of physical examination is that you must go to bed early the night before, you can't work overtime and stay up late, you can't exercise vigorously, and you can't eat spicy and greasy food. Because these reasons may lead to a transient increase in transaminase!

Second, hepatobiliary diseases. Transaminase is indeed an index reflecting the functional state of liver cells. If the transaminase exceeds twice the normal value and lasts for more than two weeks, then you can basically judge that you have hepatobiliary diseases. At this time, we should pay attention to check whether there is hepatitis, cholangitis and so on.

Third, myocardial disease. Aspartate aminotransferase has the greatest activity in the heart, while alanine aminotransferase has the best activity in the liver. When we check the liver function, we check the peripheral blood, and you can't tell which organ is the source of transaminase. Therefore, in acute myocardial infarction, aspartate aminotransferase will increase significantly, while in acute hepatitis, alanine aminotransferase will increase significantly!

Fourth, drugs damage the liver. It's a three-point poison, and the poison here often refers to toxic liver. Many drugs are toxic to the liver, such as anti-tuberculosis drugs, cold drugs, anti-malignant tumor drugs and so on. Therefore, drugs are also one of the common causes of elevated transaminase.

When you find that transaminase is elevated, you need to know the reason first! If it is staying up late, exercising or drinking for a short time mentioned above, then transaminase will recover soon! If it is caused by taking medicine recently, then you should consult your doctor if you need to stop taking it. If it is caused by hepatobiliary diseases or other diseases, then we must find the primary disease and actively treat it!

The "transaminase" in the physical examination report is on the high side. What does this mean? What should I pay attention to?

Now as long as you are hospitalized, you need to check your liver and kidney function, urine and urine, blood routine, electrolytes and so on. These are routine inspections. When examining liver function, transaminase is included in most cases. As soon as many people hear that transaminase is high, I am scared and confused. What exactly is transaminase? What does elevated transaminase mean? These are the doubts of most people. In order to solve these doubts, today I will share the knowledge about transaminase.

1. What is transaminase?

In fact, this transaminase is a general term, including alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, which are mainly distributed in the liver.

Let me talk about alanine aminotransferase first. Its shadow can be found in many organs, such as kidney, heart, pancreas and spleen. However, the cytoplasm of the liver is the most abundant, and its main function is to participate in the metabolism of protein. Most of the food we eat is converted into protein needed by human body by these enzymes.

Aspartate aminotransferase is also an enzyme distributed in the liver, which is also of great significance to the metabolism of the liver, but its specificity is not as high as alanine aminotransferase, because the organ with the highest enzyme content in the human body is the heart, followed by the heart. Aspartate aminotransferase is mainly distributed in mitochondria of liver, while alanine aminotransferase is mainly distributed in cytoplasm of liver. When the liver is slightly damaged, the value of aspartate aminotransferase will increase, but aspartate aminotransferase does not necessarily increase, so the sensitivity of aspartate aminotransferase is higher than that of aspartate aminotransferase.

2. What does elevated transaminase mean?

The normal values of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are 5 ~ 40u/L and 8 ~ 40u/L, respectively. Generally speaking, if they are not more than three times the normal value, there is no need to worry too much, because there are many factors that can cause the increase of transaminase.

Elevated transaminase means liver damage. The higher the degree of damage, the higher the transaminase. The slight increase of transaminase is seen in staying up late and strenuous exercise. Drinking alcohol, taking oral drugs such as sleeping pills or birth control pills, overworking, etc.

Moderate and severe increase of transaminase is mainly seen in severe liver injury, such as trauma, acute and chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, myocardial infarction, pulmonary infarction and so on.

It should be noted here that when the liver is seriously damaged, the transaminase in our blood may not necessarily increase very much, because the function of the liver decreases at this time, the ability to synthesize this enzyme decreases, and the level of natural transaminase will not be too high.

3. What should I pay attention to when transaminase rises?

If the increase of transaminase does not exceed 3 times the normal value, we can temporarily observe whether it can return to normal through life intervention. In the meantime, try to work and rest on time, pay attention to rest, do not drink alcohol, do not exercise vigorously, etc. , and observe and see. If it can't be recovered, it is necessary to further find out the specific reasons.

At present, there are many patients with chronic diseases in this society who need long-term oral drugs, such as hypoglycemic agents, antihypertensive drugs, aspirin, statins and so on. If the transaminase is more than three times the normal value, they can stop taking the drug or reduce it, or continue to take it or restore the original dose until the liver function returns to normal.

Finally, conclusion: Elevated transaminase means liver damage, so it is necessary to check transaminase regularly, and try not to stay up late, drink alcohol, be overworked or exercise vigorously. If transaminase rises continuously for more than 3 times, it is necessary to further find out the reasons and take necessary treatment measures.

It is normal to draw blood to check liver function now. Many inpatients will basically check their liver function and evaluate it, including "transaminase".

What is "transaminase"?

There are two kinds of general functional transaminase: alanine aminotransferase, also called alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase, also called aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is a mitochondrial enzyme, which is abundant in heart, liver, bone, muscle and kidney. When these organs are damaged, the damaged cells will release AST into the blood, and serum AST will increase. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, and its elevation is more specific than ALT in detecting liver injury.

What does high transaminase mean?

The high level of "transaminase" often reflects the damage of the liver, which means that there may be some diseases that damage the liver, such as hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver congestion, drug-induced liver injury and so on. Of course, skeletal muscle injury, myocardial injury, strenuous exercise, heatstroke and other non-liver factors will also lead to the increase of "transaminase", but overall, the main factor leading to the increase of "transaminase" is liver-derived factors!

What should I pay attention to when transaminase is high?

1. Of course, we should go to the hospital to find out the reason for the high transaminase, and treat the primary disease as soon as possible to avoid further damage to the liver. In addition, we should pay attention to regular review of liver function and understand the results of transaminase.

2. Avoid drinking alcohol: alcohol will damage liver cells, leading to an increase in transaminase.

3. Avoid using drugs that damage the liver: Some Chinese herbal medicines and western medicines that obviously damage the side effects of the liver should be avoided as much as possible.

4. Work regularly and avoid staying up late.

5. Stay calm and avoid anger or stagnation.

I am a general practitioner, spreading health knowledge to everyone in easy-to-understand words. If I find it useful, I can forward it to my friends in need!

Transaminase is an index of liver function. Liver function will be checked in the general physical examination report, and sometimes transaminase will increase in the physical examination report. So what does this increase in transaminase mean? What are the possible reasons? What problems should we pay attention to? Let me analyze it for you.

What does elevated transaminase mean?

Transaminase mainly includes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), with a normal value of 0 ~ 40. Because transaminase is a sensitive index, it will cause the fluctuation of transaminase after exercise, diet and drinking water. Therefore, a slight increase in transaminase may be physiological, and a relatively large increase may cause rest, which may be caused by diseases such as liver and gallbladder.

What is the reason for the elevation of transaminase?

As mentioned above, fatigue, exercise, greasy diet, pregnancy and other factors may cause the increase of physiological transaminase, so these situations should be avoided during physical examination. Pathological diseases that cause the elevation of transaminase mainly include viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, drug-induced hepatitis, cholecystitis and myocarditis. The pathological increase of transaminase is generally greater than 120.

What problems should be paid attention to when transaminase rises?

For the first time to detect the increase of transaminase, we must find out the reason. First, it needs retest verification. If there is indeed an increase in transaminase, it is necessary to carry out relevant examinations to rule out the above pathological diseases, and at the same time, antiviral treatment is needed for the cause, such as viral hepatitis. For drug-induced hepatitis, it is necessary to stop using drugs for liver injury, and some liver protection drugs can be used appropriately, and the liver function indexes can be reviewed regularly.

These days, an abdominal pain patient named Deng was admitted to the inpatient department. The pain is mainly in the upper abdominal cavity and the right upper abdomen. No fever or chills. Pain radiates to the right waist, and abdominal pain is more obvious after eating. Obviously, this is abdominal pain caused by a digestive tract disease.

The patient was examined by color Doppler ultrasound, gastroscope and electrocardiogram in the outpatient department, and serious diseases such as myocardial infarction, cholecystitis and gastric ulcer were ruled out. Combined with the medical history, the liver function was examined after hospitalization, and it was found that "transaminase" increased significantly, and CT also saw gallstones in the neck of gallbladder. It is speculated that this is gallbladder colic and secondary liver function damage caused by gallstone in the neck of gallbladder. After taking the medicine, the patient's abdominal pain quickly eased.

There are several important indexes in the report of liver function physical examination, namely: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin and alpha-fetoprotein.

The normal values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are about 40 U/L. ALT is the main substance in liver cells, while AST is more common in muscle. If they are elevated, they are considered to be combined with the damage of the corresponding organs.

1. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are slightly increased (less than 3 times of the normal value): visible after drinking, exercising a lot, and lack of sleep; It can also be seen in chronic viral hepatitis and fatty liver, and some inflammatory diseases can also lead to abnormal liver function, such as cholecystitis, cholangitis and pancreatitis.

2. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are moderately increased (3 times higher than normal and less than 8 times): they can be seen in severe biliary tract infection, biliary obstruction, severe viral hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis, etc.

Thirdly, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increased slightly (more than 10 times), which were found in some severe acute hepatitis, allergic reaction after bee sting, drug-induced liver damage and so on.

Fourth, alanine aminotransferase did not increase significantly, but ALT increased significantly: it can be seen in some muscle trauma or myocardial injury diseases.

Alanine transaminase is elevated. If the following abnormal test results or symptoms are combined, you need to pay attention to further examination to rule out severe liver disease.

1, alanine aminotransferase increased+albumin decreased: considering chronic liver injury, the possibility of decompensation of liver cirrhosis should be ruled out;

2. Alanine transaminase increases, AFP is strongly positive: consider the possibility of liver cancer;

3. Elevated alanine aminotransferase+gingival bleeding, dull complexion, blood mole, etc. : The possibility of cirrhosis should be ruled out.

4、……

It is not enough to evaluate the quality of liver and do liver function examination. Clinically, many patients with liver cirrhosis have normal liver function, but B-ultrasound found diffuse lesions in the whole liver.

Therefore, if transaminase is found to be elevated, it is necessary to rule out whether there are hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and to do liver B-ultrasound and CT to confirm that there is no abnormality in the liver structure.

What does the high transaminase in physical examination report mean?

Transaminase is mainly used to evaluate and monitor the damage of liver cells.

You don't have to worry about liver disease or other diseases when you see high transaminase. Why? Because the increase of transaminase is not necessarily a manifestation of disease. If you have been staying up late, exercising vigorously, overworking, eating too much fat and other greasy foods before the physical examination, even if your body is not diseased, there will be a situation of high transaminase.

In addition, drinking alcohol, taking sedative and hypnotic drugs, antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, contraceptive drugs and so on. Previous physical examination can also lead to high transaminase, which is not necessarily caused by disease.

It should be noted that even if the transaminase is within the normal range, it does not necessarily mean that there is no disease, especially when a large number of hepatocytes are necrotic, it is impossible to produce transaminase, and transaminase does not necessarily increase.

What diseases can transaminase elevation be seen in?

1. Liver diseases: acute and chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, drug-induced hepatitis, liver cancer, liver cirrhosis, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis, etc.

2. Non-liver diseases: acute myocardial infarction, acute lung infarction, acute pancreatic infarction, infectious mononucleosis, shock and septicemia caused by various reasons.

(This content is for reference only. )

In liver function examination, only alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are usually detected. When liver cells are damaged, transaminase will be released into the blood, which will increase serum transaminase. 1% of liver cells are damaged, and serum alanine transaminase will double.

Transaminase is also widely found in heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, pancreas, lung, red blood cells and other tissues, and abnormalities in these parts may cause the increase of transaminase.

Common causes of elevated transaminase:

1, viral hepatitis, which is the most common disease that causes the increase of transaminase, all kinds of acute and chronic viral hepatitis, transaminase will increase significantly.

2. Alcoholism, alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver and alcoholic cirrhosis can occur in heavy or long-term drinkers, and the transaminase of patients is easy to increase.

3. Biliary tract diseases, acute cholecystitis, gallstones, frequent fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, elevated serum bilirubin and transaminase.

4, infectious diseases, pneumonia, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, infectious mononucleosis, will cause the increase of transaminase.

5, drug damage, taking erythromycin, tetracycline, sleeping pills, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, birth control pills, as well as traditional Chinese medicines such as Pinellia ternata, Areca catechu, and indigo naturalis will also cause transaminase to increase.

6, fatigue or eating greasy food, after strenuous exercise, too tired recently or eating too greasy food, will also lead to a temporary high transaminase.

The liver is a relatively quiet organ. If you find abnormal liver function, you should go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying treatment.

The detection of transaminase includes alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, the former is abbreviated as ALT and the latter is abbreviated as AST. Although both of them can reflect liver injury, the types and amplitude of the increase are different, and the causes and degrees of liver injury are also different. So, what should we pay attention to when transaminase rises? Next, medical science will analyze it for you.

ALT and AST exist in different parts of liver cells, the former mainly exists in the cytoplasm of liver cells, and the latter mainly exists in the mitochondria of liver cells. When the liver is slightly or moderately damaged, or viral hepatitis occurs, such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C, ALT located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes will leak into the blood, resulting in abnormal transaminase, but AST will not increase significantly at this time. When the liver is seriously damaged, or when drinking heavily for a long time, metabolism is abnormal, or drug-induced liver injury, AST located in mitochondria will leak into the blood in large quantities, and the increase is often greater than ALT. It should be noted that liver injury caused by viral hepatitis or alcohol may progress to cirrhosis or even liver cancer, and the increase of AST in patients with cirrhosis and liver cancer is often greater than ALT. Therefore, the causes of elevated transaminase are numerous and complicated. Whether the elevation of ALT or AST is the main cause, the specific reason can not be determined by transaminase, so it should be noted that:

The function of (1) transaminase is to remind us that the liver has been abnormal, and the specific cause needs to be further clarified by other auxiliary tests. Liver ultrasound or common CT can be used as the primary screening. When unknown masses are found, contrast-enhanced liver ultrasound or enhanced CT and magnetic resonance examination are feasible, and alpha-fetoprotein can be used to screen liver cancer. When considering viral hepatitis, hepatitis virus antigen and antibody should be detected.

(2) The normal upper limit of transaminase is less than 40, and some hospitals are affected by laboratory tests for 45-50; When transaminase rises above 80, it is abnormal liver function. It is suggested to find out the specific reasons. When transaminase rises to 120 or above, drugs that may damage the liver, such as statins to prevent myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, should be stopped.

(3) The greater the elevation of transaminase, the easier it is to arouse our vigilance. But when transaminase is normal, liver function may not be normal. For example, in some patients with liver cirrhosis and severe hepatitis, transaminase may be in the normal range, and in some patients with liver cancer, transaminase may also be in the normal range. Therefore, the level of transaminase can not be used as an index to judge the severity of the disease.

To sum up, after the increase of transaminase, it is necessary to further improve the relevant examinations and find out the specific reasons for abnormal liver function; The increase of transaminase indicates that the liver is abnormal, but the transaminase is normal and cannot rule out liver disease, so transaminase cannot be used as an index to judge the severity of the disease.

Thank you for reading!

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Note: The content of this article is only used as health science, not as medical advice or opinions, and does not have medical guidance conditions.

The transaminase in the physical examination report should refer to two indexes in liver function examination: alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase;

In fact, they are enzymes that catalyze amino transfer between amino acids and ketoacids. They mainly exist in animal liver cells, and of course, a small amount exist in other organs of human body, such as heart, brain and kidney.

When liver cells are damaged, a large amount of transaminase will be released into the blood, resulting in a significant increase in the content of transaminase in patients' serum. Therefore, when these two values are higher than normal in the physical examination report, we should first consider whether the liver has been damaged, such as inflammation or severe fatty liver, so transaminase is usually regarded as a "barometer" of liver health.

Various bad habits in daily life may lead to the increase of transaminase, such as alcoholism, staying up late, overwork, drug abuse, overeating and so on. Therefore, in order to protect the liver, it is necessary to reduce the occurrence of the above situation; Of course, the most important thing is to prevent diseases, especially viral hepatitis, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B or hepatitis C;

It is precisely because there are too many complicated factors that induce liver injury that the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this kind of disease is also very special. In addition to the necessary diagnosis and treatment measures, we also need some living habits, such as a light diet, such as proper exercise and good sleep quality. In short, if your transaminase index is abnormal, it is recommended to see a doctor as soon as possible, and the doctor will formulate the best intervention method for you to promote the recovery of the liver as soon as possible.

First of all, the conclusion is that the increase of transaminase often indicates liver injury. If the elevation of transaminase reaches more than 3 times of the reference value, we should focus on the pathological changes of the liver and the progressive damage of hepatocytes. After that, it should be noted that all liver injuries should be eliminated on the basis of further examination as soon as possible.

Transaminase is the vane of liver function.

The liver is the largest digestive gland in human body, which is responsible for storing glycogen and regulating the metabolism of protein, fat and carbohydrate. At the same time, the liver is also the place where bile, urea and coagulation factors are synthesized in the body, and the poisons and wastes produced in the body can also be treated harmlessly. It can be seen that the liver has a lot of work and busy business. Therefore, when the body load increases, the metabolism is vigorous, or liver cells are often "overwhelmed" and damaged.

When the liver is damaged, the most sensitive biochemical index may be transaminase, which includes alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST).

Usually, these two kinds of people mainly gather in liver cells, although they also settle in myocardial cells, kidney cells, etc., but generally do not go out to wander. However, when liver cells are damaged, these transaminase will flow into the blood with cell fluid. At this time, if you go to the hospital to check the blood biochemical indexes, the results will be reflected in the increase of AST and ALT in different degrees. Therefore, transaminase is often regarded as the vane of liver function in clinic, and its operation is often understood through blood examination.

However, as mentioned above, transaminase does not completely play a role in liver cells, so under physiological conditions, such as strenuous exercise or female physiological period, or acute poisoning, myocarditis and heavy drinking, these two indicators will rise, so before considering liver disease, we should also make a simple judgment according to the actual situation.

Here, I want to remind you that if the liver is seriously damaged, such as advanced liver cancer, transaminase will not increase-we can understand that almost no cells can normally damage and release transaminase, so the transaminase index in natural blood will not increase.

What should I do if transaminase rises?

If the index of transaminase rises close to or exceeds 3 times of the normal value, and other conditions that can cause transaminase to rise are excluded, liver damage should be considered and further related tests should be done to prevent liver damage.

1. Abdominal color Doppler ultrasound. Abdominal color Doppler ultrasound is the first choice for screening hepatobiliary diseases, because it is cheap, simple and has no side effects, so you can check it with confidence. After the abnormal increase of transaminase, the liver should be screened first to judge whether there are liver cirrhosis and other diseases.

2. Check for viral hepatitis. Viral hepatitis, represented by hepatitis A and hepatitis B, will cause certain damage to the liver in the late stage or middle and late stage. When the disease worsens, transaminase will increase abnormally due to severe liver damage. Therefore, in addition to color ultrasound examination, viral hepatitis should also be ruled out. Once you are diagnosed with viral hepatitis, you should seek medical attention in time, and control the virus replication before the condition continues to deteriorate, and you can still achieve clinical cure.

3. Other liver examinations, such as CT, MRI or related enhancement examinations. When abdominal color Doppler ultrasound finds lesions, but it is not enough to judge the nature, it is necessary to use advanced related imaging examination to assist the diagnosis.

4. Stop all behaviors that hurt the liver. At present, there are four kinds of behaviors that hurt the liver most: (1) drinking a lot for a long time; (2) staying up late for a long time, irregular work and rest; (3) Overeating and high-fat diet; (4) Long-term use of drugs that damage the liver, such as anti-tuberculosis treatment, chemotherapy and some hypoglycemic drugs. All of the above should be stopped when the transaminase is abnormally high, and the medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor.

abstract

To sum up, transaminase is the vane of liver function. When liver function declines and liver cells are damaged, transaminase often rises to a considerable level. We should actively cooperate with doctors to find out the causes of abnormal increase of transaminase. At the same time, we should also stop liver injury, abstain from drinking, eat and work regularly, and stop using drugs with serious liver injury according to the doctor's advice before the next treatment.

It is worth emphasizing that under physiological conditions, our transaminase may also increase. If it doesn't increase for a long time or reaches a certain multiple (more than 3 times), we don't need to care too much.