Is there a Chinese medicine called 37? What is its function?

Alias: Hua Kai Sanqi, Ginseng Sanqi, Tianqi, Jinbuhuan, Panlongqi.

Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces, but Panax notoginseng produced in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan and Jingxi and Napo counties of Guangxi has good quality and is an authentic medicinal material.

Characteristics of Yunnan Sanqi Sanqi is a perennial herb with a height of 60cm. The rhizome is short, the stem is erect, smooth and hairless. Palmately compound leaves, long stalk, 3-4 rounds at the top of the stem; Leaflets 3-7, ovoid or oblong-obovate, with serrated edges. The umbel is terminal, and the peduncle is drawn from the center of the top of the stem, which is 20 ~ 30cm long. Flowers are small and yellow-green; Calyx 5-lobed; Petals and stamens are both 5. Drupe berry-shaped, nearly kidney-shaped, red at maturity. Seeds 1 ~ 3, oblate. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October.

Panax notoginseng, which originated in Tertiary, is an ancient tropical remnant plant with a very narrow distribution range, which is mainly related to its physiological and ecological adaptability to the environment.

Panax notoginseng is a perennial herb with a growth cycle every year. Usually, Panax notoginseng over two years has two growth peaks in a growth cycle, namely, the vegetative growth peak from April to June and the reproductive peak of 8- 10. The germination temperature of Panax notoginseng seeds is 10-30℃, the optimum temperature is 20℃, and the dormancy period of seeds is 45-60 days. Seedlings germinate after a period of low temperature treatment during dormancy, and they are very sensitive to light. Traditionally, it is believed that normal growth and development need 30% natural light, so the shade shed of Panax notoginseng has the saying of "30% light transmission and 70% shade"; According to the latest research, the optimum light transmittance of Panax notoginseng shed is 8%- 12%, and exceeding 17% will adversely affect the growth of Panax notoginseng!

Notoginseng needs more than three years from sowing to harvesting; The roots of one-year-old Panax notoginseng are usually used as seedlings, and the plants in the second year can blossom and bear fruit. Generally, it germinates in July, blooms in August, and bears fruit in September. The fruit ripens in batches from 10 to1.

The main producing area of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan Province is located in the low latitude plateau. The climate is characterized by long summer and warm winter, sufficient heat and small annual temperature difference. The annual average temperature is 15.8- 19.3℃ (reference room of Yunnan Meteorological Bureau, 1982), and the daily temperature is low except from mid-February to mid-February of the following year. The average minimum temperature for many years is 0-2℃, the average daily temperature for 265-307 days is ≥ 10℃, and the annual effective accumulated temperature reaches 4863.7-6436.8℃. In summer, due to the concentrated rainfall, the solar radiation drops obviously, and the average temperature from June to August is 265,438+0.5-22.5℃. Suitable temperature and moisture conditions provide a superior natural environment for the growth and development of Panax notoginseng. The average monthly temperature in winter is 1 1℃, and the aboveground growth has stopped, but the ground temperature of 5cm remains 14℃ (regional average), which is the reason why the stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng can still maintain vitality in winter. Higher ground temperature is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients in roots, especially to the morphological development of post-mature seeds planted in soil, and the post-mature period of seeds can last through winter. This unique natural ecological environment is a favorable factor for Wenshan to develop Sanqi production.

The terrain of Sanqi production area is complex, the terrain fluctuates greatly, and the vertical difference of temperature is obvious. Winter and spring (65438+February to April of the following year) and late summer and early autumn (8-65438+1October) are affected by atmospheric circulation cold air, resulting in short-term, local frost and low-temperature disasters, especially low-temperature chilling injury. Although there was no snow and frost, the temperature did not drop to 0℃. In the production area below 500 meters above sea level in Funing County, the temperature is high in summer, and the temperature tends to rise due to the effect of foehn and local circulation, and the weather with the highest daily temperature ≥35℃ may occur, and the evaporation will be intensified, which will easily cause the plants to wither. In case of the above two situations, we must take appropriate measures to minimize the losses.

Through the cultivation practice, it is known that during the growth of Panax notoginseng, diffuse light should be accepted to avoid direct sunlight.

Panax notoginseng is a typical shade plant, and this ecological habit is consistent with the organizational structure of Panax notoginseng itself. Seven farmers with rich production experience have light conditions suitable for the growth and development of Panax notoginseng, which are roughly 30% light-transmitting and 70% light-shielding. In practice, it varies according to the age of Panax notoginseng plants and the need for light transmission in different growth periods. According to the climatic conditions and growth characteristics in a year, the light transmittance in the garden is adjusted by adjusting the shade density on the ceiling (seasonal dry, etc., 1970). For example, the first ten days of May is the early stage of the growth of all kinds of Panax notoginseng seedlings. At this time, there is less annual precipitation, stronger solar radiation and longer sunshine hours. In order to maintain the normal growth of Panax notoginseng seedlings at this stage, the shading degree should be appropriately increased, and the light transmittance in the shed is about 25-30%. After entering the rainy season, due to the increase of cloud cover, the atmospheric humidity increases, the sunshine hours are less than those in spring, and the total radiation is lower. At this time, Sanqi is entering a vigorous growth period. At this time, it is advisable to reduce shading and increase light in the garden, and the transmittance can be increased to 40%. The specific control of shading in the garden depends on the local actual situation at that time, and it is forbidden to copy it mechanically.

The annual precipitation varies from place to place, which must be determined according to the local specific conditions. At the same time, when selecting and constructing Sanqi Garden, the water source condition should be considered as an important issue. In years or areas with more annual precipitation, flood control and drainage should be done well after heavy rain or rainstorm, and the accumulated water in the park should be eliminated in time. If the garden is flooded for a long time, it will directly endanger the survival of plants and may lead to the death of the roots of Panax notoginseng. When the relative humidity in the park is too high, it is easy to cause various diseases, which can not be ignored in daily management. It is the foundation of the survival of Sanqi. Plants get necessary water, nutrients, air and heat through soil. The structure, fertility and permeability of soil directly affect the growth and development of Panax notoginseng. Panax notoginseng is planted in eight counties of Wenshan Prefecture, and the difference in altitude between producing areas is significant. There is a Panax notoginseng planting area at an altitude of 340- 1800 meters. The spatial differences of heat, water and soil are prominent, which directly affect the hydrothermal conditions in some areas. In addition, the types of parent rocks are diverse, and the soil texture and soil fertility are naturally different.

Notoginseng can almost grow in acidic red soil and yellow soil with high viscosity and poor permeability and pH value of 4.5-5.6, and can also grow in black sandy loam with pH value close to neutral, which is completely the result of long-term artificial production activities. Through ploughing, fertilization, irrigation, crop rotation and other production methods, the soil structure has been improved to some extent, and the soil fertility has been improved, which is also the reason for the difference in the growth and yield of Panax notoginseng in new and old production areas. Therefore, in the development of Panax notoginseng production, the use of soil should pay equal attention to both cultivation and use, and reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to the characteristics of soil quality and fertility in this area. Through the correct farming methods, the conditions of water, fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil are coordinated, so as to create suitable living conditions for microorganisms, accelerate the mineralization of organic matter, promote the increase of nutrients, gradually improve the soil structure, improve soil fertility and prevent soil degradation. Especially in mountainous areas where irrigation is difficult, soil fertility is gradually improved by strengthening field management, adjusting nutrient status and making the soil develop in a direction conducive to human activities.

Use roots and rhizomes as medicine. It is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine, which can stop bleeding, remove blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain. It is the main component of Yunnan Baiyao, and the leaves of the same plant can also be used as medicine and tea.

(1) The hemostatic effect is good and the hematopoietic function is remarkable;

(2) It has a long history of strengthening and improving coronary microcirculation and expanding the use of Panax notoginseng as medicine, and its unique role has been regarded as a medical treasure by doctors in past dynasties, so there is a saying that "gold will not be exchanged".

Sanqi "tastes slightly sweet and bitter, quite like the taste of ginseng." "Where the staff is bruised and bruised, it will be chewed immediately, and the bruise will dissipate. If you eat a dollar or two before receiving the stick, the blood will not rush to the heart, especially after receiving the stick and after delivery. Generally speaking, this medicine is warm and sweet, slightly bitter, and it is a medicine for Yangming Jueyin, so it can cure all blood diseases. "