Who was the founding king of Yin Shang?

Shang Taizu (Shang Tang) reigned in Shang Tang for 30 years, and his surname was Tang Ming. The ancestors of Shang Dynasty signed a contract to help Dayu control water and establish Shang Tang in Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan). He appointed Zhong Guo and Yi Yin as phase, and gradually became stronger. Xia Jie is cruel, and people's resentment is boiling. So he set about conquering Xia, defeating Xia Jun and establishing Shang Dynasty. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), laws such as Punishment in Tang Dynasty and Mingju were revised, and Guan Xinmin's life was compared. /kloc-Shang Tang ascended the throne in 0/7, and the emperor died in 0/3.

King of Shang Dynasty (Taiyi) 1 son of Taiyi Shang Tang.

Wang Ai, the son of Shang, was the son of Waic who was in office for three years, while Shang Tang's son died in office for three years. Shang dynasty emperor, scenic spot. Tai Ding, the son of Tang, the founding monarch of Shang Dynasty, died young, and the younger brother of Li Tai Ding was the king, which was the first year, and Yi Yin was the regent. Waibing died three years after he ascended the throne, and he inherited his brother's responsibility. Speaking of Waic, he is Shang Tang's younger brother and Taiding's uncle. Shang Tang died, and Prince Tai Ding died in Shang Tang first, so he succeeded to the throne and reigned for three years. That is, the second generation king of Shang Dynasty.

Shang wangyi (Zhong Ren) was Zhong Ren's reign for 4 years, Shang Tang's son, the younger brother of Huai's family, Wang Shang's brother first, and Zhong Ren's reign for 4 years. Zhongren, also known as Zhongren, Yan Ren, Gongren, Taren and Nanren, was a king of Shang Dynasty in China.

Shang Taizong (Tai Jia) was the son of Shang Tang's grandson Tai Jia and the son of Tai Ding, who reigned for 23 years. At the beginning of his reign, he was banished to the Children's Palace by Yi Yin for "subverting the standard punishment of the Tang Dynasty". Three years later, he was rehabilitated and became a successful king. This is the story of "Tong Gong repents". Tai Jia, whose date of birth and death is unknown, is the eldest grandson of Tang Di, the son of Tai Ding, and his uncle Ren Zhong succeeded to the throne after his death. * * * reigned for 23 years, died of illness and was buried in Licheng (now Jinan City, Shandong Province). With the assistance of Yi Yin, a veteran of the Four Dynasties, Yi Yin even wrote several articles, such as Siming and Zuhou, to teach Tai Jia to follow the legal system of his ancestors and strive to be a wise monarch. At the urging of Yi Yin, Tai Jia performed well in the first two years after he succeeded to the throne, but not after the third year. He gave orders at will, indulged in pleasure, oppressed the people and personally destroyed the laws and regulations formulated by Tang Dynasty. Although Yi Yin tried every means to persuade him, he just wouldn't listen. Yi Yin had to send him to the Children's Palace near Shang Tang Cemetery (now southwest of Yanshi County, Henan Province) to let him reflect on himself. Historically, he said that "Yi Yin put too much armor". Tai Jia lived in Tonggong and saw his grandfather as the founding king, but his grave was very humble. He also learned a lot about his grandfather's hard work, kindness and frugality from the grave keeper. Compared with what he did, he felt really shameful, so he secretly felt guilty and determined to repent, and began to care about the lonely and old, abide by the legal system, and be kind to people in the children's palace. Three years later, Yi Yin was very happy to see that Tai Jia sincerely repented, so he led the minister of civil and military affairs, carried the royal clothes and crown, welcomed Du Fu back and returned to his own administration. From then on, Tai Jia took his past mistakes as a mirror, went to court early, worked hard and loved the people. Abide by the laws formulated by the Tang Dynasty, managed the world in an orderly way, and the Shang Dynasty gradually flourished. Yi Yin is happy to see Tai Jia become a monarch, and wrote an article on Tai Jia Xun to praise him, calling him Taizong. Another way of saying this is that after Zhong Ren's death, Yi Yin usurped the throne and drove out Tai Jia. Seven years later, Tai Jia sneaked back to the capital and killed Yi Yin before being reset. Tai Jia died after 23 years in office.

The son of Shang Dynasty (Woding) was proclaimed in office for 29 years. Woding is Tejia's son. Warding reigned for 29 years. Woding, also known as Xuan, was enthroned by his stepfather Tai Jia. During his reign, Yi Yin, the hero of Fuzheng, died. After Woding's death, his brother Tai Geng acceded to the throne.

Shang (Tai Geng) argued Tai Geng for 25 years, and was also a big Geng, which was mistakenly called Xiao Geng. Debate between surnames and surnames. He is Woding's younger brother, and Taijia's son. He ascended the throne after Wading and reigned for 25 years. After his death, Tai Geng's son Xiao Jia succeeded him.

Shang (Jony J) reigned for 36 years, and he was a great boxer. Xiao Jia's surname is Gao Zi. He said he was Tai Geng's son and also said he was Tai Geng's brother. 36 years in office (17 years). After Jony J's death, his younger brother Yongji succeeded to the throne, and the Shang Dynasty began to decline.

Shang Yuan (Yongji) was born in Wang Mi, 12 in Yongji. He is the younger brother of Shang Zhouwang Xiao Jia and Shang Zhouwang Taiwu. Xiao Jia, King of Shang Dynasty, succeeded to the throne after his death, and reigned for 12 years. He abandoned politics and went into business, and the Shang Dynasty began to decline. After his death, his younger brother Taiwu succeeded to the throne.

The son of Shang Zhongzong (Taiwu) reigned in Taiwu for 75 years and became his younger brother. It is quite refreshing that a teacher is diligent in Xiu De and manages the country and the people. The ninth king of Shang Dynasty, surnamed Zi. The grandson of Tang V, the grandson of Tai Jia. After his death, he was chased as Zhongzong. Oracle bone inscriptions are Tai Tai Wu and Tian Wu, the son of Shang King Tai Geng, and the younger brothers of Shang kings Xiao Jia and Yongji. Taiwu was a teenager when he ascended the throne. He is not diligent in national politics and just wants to have fun all day. In the seventh year of his succession, a mulberry tree grew in the courtyard of the palace. There is nothing strange about planting mulberry trees. Strangely, this mulberry tree has a bright leaf under it, and it has grown wildly in seven days. This was originally an accidental phenomenon in the process of plant growth, but now it is not surprising. There are many monsters born by human beings, not to mention plants. But in Shang dynasty, people didn't know anything about botany, so they regarded it as a monster. The young king was afraid. Yi Yin, his minister (it is estimated that the book Descendants of Yi Yin has no textual research), said: I heard that monsters can't beat Germany, and maybe the king has some wicked things in governing state affairs, so monsters will appear. It is harmless to govern the temple well and the people with morality. This makes sense. Sure enough, diligence failed and Xiu De ruled the country. And this abnormal growth of * * * trees will naturally die after a certain period of time. Taiwu believes that this is the result of Xiu De's ruling the country by virtue and suppressing demons, and he is even more convinced. According to ancient records, Taiwu reigned for 75 years, which was the longest in Shang Dynasty. He died of illness and was buried in Neihuang (now three miles south of Neihuang County, Henan Province). It is quite refreshing that a teacher is diligent in Xiu De and manages the country and the people. Yi Si and Wu Xian were appointed to preside over the state affairs. After the overhaul of the national government, small countries submitted to it one after another, and the Shang Dynasty flourished. Later generations respectfully called him Zhongzong. The tomb of Taiwu, the ninth king of Shang Dynasty, is located in the southwest of Neihuang County 15km. It is one of the ancient imperial tombs in China and the only one in China at present. The mausoleum was built in the Han Dynasty and lasted until the Tang Dynasty. Song Taizu Kaibao was rebuilt in seven years, and it was repaired and built many times in Ming and Qing dynasties. The ancestral tombs of Shang Dynasty are located in the north and south, covering an area of 100 mu. The city wall is built with high walls, divided into front and rear areas, with a grand scale and strange layout. The front area is the mausoleum area, the back area is the sacrifice area, and the middle aisle is the central axis, which leads directly to the worship hall. To the east of the corridor is Tai Wuling, and to the west is the tomb of concubines. Sacrifices have been held throughout the ages. In the seventh year of Kaibao in the middle of the mausoleum (AD 947), the newly built Shang Emperor's ancestral tablet in the Great Song Dynasty was majestic, with a height of 7.2 meters, a width of 1.6 meters and a thickness of 0.59 meters. Written by Hanlin Liang, the inscription is neat, the carving is exquisite, the handwriting is clear, the brushwork is changeable, the knife is skillful and the bone knife is firm. Zong Ling in Shang Dynasty is a sacred place for seeking roots and offering sacrifices, featuring tombs and inscriptions, which has great historical and cultural value and tourism value.

Zi Zhuang of Shang Dynasty (Zhong Ding) was in Zhong Ding in 1 1 year, and his surname was Zi. The year of birth and death is unknown. Taiwuzi, king of Shang Dynasty. Taiwu succeeded to the throne after his death. 13 years (1 1 year) died of illness and was buried in Diquan. Zhong Ding acceded to the throne before his death. In the first year of Zhongding, he moved the capital from Bo to Yao. (now near Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, northeast of Xingyang County, Henan Province). At that time, the Yi people in Southeast China rose, and Zhong Ding was six years old. Among them, Lan Yi attacked Shang Dynasty, and Zhong Ding sent troops to repel Lan Yi. After Zhong Ding's death, brothers fought for the throne, which caused the ninth chaos of inheritance and the decline of Shang Dynasty. After Zhong Ding's death, his younger brother, a foreigner, acceded to the throne.

Shang (foreign) sub-method is a foreigner in 15 years. Oracle Bone Inscriptions called it Buren, and his surname was Wang Ziming, the 11th Shang Dynasty. Wairen, the year of birth and death is unknown. King Wu Taizi, king Zhong Dingdi. Zhong Ding succeeded to the throne after his death. /kloc-died in 0/5 and was buried in Gequan. After Zhong Ding's death, foreigners successfully seized the throne and compromised with their brothers, which led to the chaos of inheritance in the Shang Dynasty, known as the IX Rebellion in history. The Shang dynasty began to decline. After the death of a foreigner, how did his younger brother succeed to the throne?

Wang Ping (He) reigned for 9 years before Shang Dynasty. He, with the same surname, the year of birth and death is unknown. Taiwuzi, King Zhong Ding and a foreign brother succeeded to the throne after his death. He reigned for 9 years and was buried in Xiang (now Neihuang County, Henan Province) after his death. When his family came to power, the Shang Dynasty declined again. Move the capital, send troops to pacify the Lan nationality and board houses in the southeast.

/kloc-in 0/9, the Shang prince Teng became the Shang king. He Jiazi, the Shang king, died of illness and succeeded to the throne, and then moved his capital to Pi. The social economy of Shang Dynasty was restored and developed, and Shang Dynasty flourished again. 19 year (75 years). When Zu Ti was in office, he moved the capital to Xing (now Xingtai, Hebei). He sent troops to subdue Lanyi, Banfang and other countries several times, which relieved the threat of Southeast Yi people to commerce and revived the national movement. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, he is called the second ancestor of Zhongzong, and is also called "Three Demonstrations" with Taiyi and Taijia (meaning three outstanding ancestors). Died of illness and was buried in Gequan. His son Zuxin ascended the throne. At that time, the unpredictable weather made him very uneasy. A minister named Ah Heng, in order to please Zu Ti, said that he would build a rooftop to offer sacrifices to the gods. Zu Ti thought it was reasonable, so he led officials to make sacrifices to heaven, but to no avail. Knowing that ten thousand years later, I couldn't help but go to see the emperor with a sundial and a clepsydra and explain to Zu Ti why the sun and the moon run. Zu Ti was very happy after hearing this and felt reasonable. So I left for ten thousand years and built the Sun and Moon Pavilion in front of the Temple of Heaven, as well as the sundial platform and the Leaky Pot Pavilion. Send twelve boys to serve for ten thousand years. Zu Ti said to Wannian: "I hope you can accurately calculate the laws of the sun and the moon, calculate the exact time in the morning and evening, and create a calendar for the benefit of people all over the world." On one occasion, Zu Ti sent a message to Ah Heng asking about the progress of the perpetual calendar. Climb the altar of the sun and the moon and see the inscription on the stone wall next to the Temple of Heaven: sunrise 360, sunset 360, start all over again. Vegetation is divided into four seasons, and there are twelve circles in a year. When Ah Heng saw this, he knew that the study of perpetual calendar was successful, and his heart was uneasy. He was extremely afraid that the monarch would blame himself for putting forward the idea of offering sacrifices to the gods, because he was favored by calendars created for thousands of years. So he plotted and sent an assassin to get rid of Wan Nian. The assassin climbed up the Sun Moon Pavilion and saw Wannian watching the stars on the pavilion, so he drew an arrow with his bow and prepared to shoot him. Who knows, the assassin was found by the guards and arrested on the spot. When Zu Ti learned of this, he punished Ah Heng and personally went to Riyuege to visit Wan Nian. Wan Nian pointed to the astronomical phenomena and said to Zu Ti, "It's been twelve months now, the old year has passed and the new year has begun again. Please make a festival for you. " Zu Ti said, "Spring is the beginning of a year. Just call it the Spring Festival. " Winter goes and spring comes, year after year. Later, after long-term observation and careful calculation, it took 10 thousand years to calculate the accurate solar calendar. When he showed his successor the solar calendar, he was covered with silver whiskers. The monarch was deeply moved. In order to commemorate the achievements of 10 thousand years, he named the solar calendar "perpetual calendar" and named it the birthday star of the sun, moon and moon. In the future, people will hang up the Shou Xingtu during the Chinese New Year, which is said to commemorate the venerable ten thousand years. The Spring Festival comes from this.

Shang Huan Wang (Zuxin) Zu Xin reigned in Zuxin in 16, and his surname was Zi Mingdan. The year of birth and death is unknown. Zu Ziyi, King of Shang Dynasty. After his death, Zu Ti succeeded to the throne and ascended the throne in 16. He died and was buried in Diquan. After his death, his younger brother Wo Jia succeeded to the throne.

Shang's son (Wo Jia) has been in office for more than 25 years, and his surname has ended. The year of birth and death is unknown. The "world book" was opened, and the ancestor of the Shang Dynasty was Yihe Zuxindi. Zuxin inherited the throne after his death. He reigned for 25 years (5 years), died of illness and was buried in Diquan. After the death of Wo Jia, Zu Ding, the son of Zuxin, succeeded to the throne.

Angel, King of Shang and Zhuang (Zu Ding), reigned in Zu Ding for 32 years and was named the second king of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. His surname is Angel, and he was the17th king of Shang Dynasty in China. According to bamboo records, the son of Zuxin, the Shang King, and the nephew of the former King, established his capital in Beipi and reigned for nine years (32 years). After his death, his nephew (a cousin, son of Shang Wang Wojia) Nangeng ascended the throne.

Shang Qing Wang (Nan Geng) reigned in Nan Geng for 25 years, with an unknown date of birth and death, and was the king of Shang Dynasty. After Zu Ding's death, King Zu Ding's cousin Wojiazi succeeded to the throne. Died of illness and was buried in Gequan for 25 years. During the period of Nangeng, the national fortunes of Shang Dynasty declined again, and then moved to Yimeng (now Qufu County, Shandong Province). Zu Ding's son Yang Jia succeeded to the throne after his death.

The son of the Shang Dynasty mourned the king (Yang family), Yang family, who reigned for 7 years. Date of birth and death is unknown. Yang Jia, known as Xiang Jia in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, was the first 19 king of Shang Dynasty in China, the son of Zuding, the king of Shang Dynasty, and the brother of Pan Geng. He succeeded to the throne after Nangeng's death. He reigned for 7 years, died of illness and was buried in Diquan. When the Yang family was in power, there was civil strife in the Shang Dynasty, and slave owners and nobles killed each other. Yang Jia has lost control of the situation. With its capital in the election, he reigned for * * * for four years, and once marched west to Danshan Rong. During his reign, the Shang dynasty declined again, and the princes did not. "when the yang family was emperor, yin declined."

Shang Shizu (Pan Geng) reigned for 28 years, and Pan Geng, Zuding and Yang Jiadi. Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin, and the Shang Dynasty was called Yin Shang ever since. After moving the capital, the social economy developed greatly and Yindu became the political and cultural center at that time. Pan Geng and Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Geng, ten-year-old names, date of birth and death is unknown. Zu Ding, Yangjiadi. Yang Jia died and succeeded to the throne. The 20th King of Shang Dynasty, according to the chronology of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, reigned for 28 years (before 1300-1277). In the third year of his reign (1298), he moved the capital to Yin. He is a very successful king. He died of illness and was buried in Yin (now Xiaotunzhuang, Anyang County, Henan Province). When Pan Geng ascended the throne, the Shang Dynasty experienced several generations of civil strife (the ninth rebellion), political corruption, aristocratic luxury, fierce internal strife in the royal family, sharp class contradictions, frequent natural disasters and faced with a serious crisis. In order to save the decline of Shang Dynasty, Pan Geng decided to give up the original capital and move to barren Yin, so as to curb aristocratic luxury, ease class conflicts and reduce some natural disasters. Prior to this, the Shang nationality had experienced more than a dozen migrations. Sometimes it is because the land is barren, sometimes it is because the river overflows, sometimes it is because of sudden attacks from outside, and sometimes it is because of internal contradictions. In order to ease social contradictions and get rid of political difficulties, despite the opposition of some nobles, he was determined to choose a place with long-term development prospects to revive his platform. When he learned that Anyang (then called Beimeng) was rich in water and soil, with animals such as tigers and bears in the mountains and fish and shrimp in the water, he decided to develop here. In order to mobilize the capital, he made an important speech. The words "a single spark can start a prairie fire" are condensed from the content of this speech. The nobles were strongly opposed to moving the capital, so Pan Geng issued a proclamation and ordered them to obey. Finally, Ma Xiaoxiao and Che Tuo led his troops across the Yellow River to Anyang, which was called "Pan Geng moved to Yin" in history. After moving to Yin, the nobles' attempt to move back to their old capital was stopped by tough measures. Shangshu Pan Geng is a record of his speech before and after he moved to Yin. He also advocated frugality, improved the atmosphere, reduced exploitation, and finally settled the situation. The sweat of slaves made Yin develop into a very prosperous city. Since then, the capital of Shang Dynasty has been here for more than 270 years, and Shang Dynasty was also called Yin Shang in Yin Dynasty. Tang Jiusun, the younger brother of the Yang family. Before Pan Geng, the political situation of Shang Dynasty was chaotic, the ruling class was luxurious and the dynasty rule was in crisis. After Pan Geng acceded to the throne, he decided to move the capital from Yan (now Qufu, Shandong Province) to Yin (now Anyang, Henan Province), which was opposed by the nobles. However, Pan Geng decided to move the capital and gave a written warning, and offenders were severely punished. After moving the capital from 65438 BC to 0298 BC, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, developed culture, prospered society and prospered the Shang Dynasty. Therefore, Shang can also be called Yin or Yin Shang.

Xiao Xin, King of Shang Dynasty (Xiao Xin), reigned for 2 1 year. Xiao Xin is Shang Wang, surnamed Song, the younger brother and son of Shang Wang Pan Geng. Pan Geng succeeded to the throne after his death. According to legend, he reigned for 2 1 year, died of illness and was buried in Yin. After Xiao Xin succeeded to the throne, he gave up Pan Geng's general plan of governing the country, and the national luck of Shang Dynasty declined again.

Xiao Xin, son of Shang (Xiao B) who reigned for 2 1 year, whose real name is Zi Ming, is Pan Geng's younger brother and son. Pan Geng succeeded to the throne after his death. According to legend, he reigned for 2 1 year, died of illness and was buried in Yin. After Xiao Xin succeeded to the throne, he gave up Pan Geng's general plan of governing the country, and the national luck of Shang Dynasty declined again.

During the reign of Emperor Gaozong (Wuding) in Shang Dynasty, Zhao Zi was a dutiful son in Wuding for 59 years. Wu Ding is the best king after Pan Geng. His politics improved and the Shang Dynasty revived. He also defeated the invasion of the Quartet, and the Shang Dynasty conquered the Quartet. Shang dynasty monarch, military commander. The son's surname is Zhao Son of King Xiao Yi. According to legend, when I was a teenager, I obeyed my father's orders and worked with ordinary people, thus learning about the sufferings of the people and the hardships of farming. After he succeeded to the throne, he was diligent in political affairs, and hired craftsmen such as Fu Shuo, Gan Pan and his ancestral home to assist in the administration of state affairs, making great efforts to make the Shang Dynasty's politics, economy, military affairs and culture develop unprecedentedly. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, unearthed in Wuding period, is known as the "middle school teacher" and regarded as the highest organizational unit during the army building. It is also considered as the initial establishment of the right, middle and left divisions. Given? Fang and Turkey often invaded the frontier areas and vassal states of Shang Dynasty, and even jointly threatened the security of the northwest of Shang Dynasty. They adopted the strategy of divide and rule, sent troops to attack many times, and personally organized troops to go out. Eventually? Square and earthwork conquest. It took three years to pacify the ghost side. Send heavy troops to defeat the Qiang people and capture a large number of Qiang people as slaves (see Wu Ding attacking the northwest tribes). The unified army went south, went deep into the land of Jingchu, defeated the army of Jingchu, and captured many prisoners. It also sent troops to conquer foreign countries, Pakistan, Shu and Hu. The wars against neighboring countries and tribes expanded the territory and sphere of influence of the Shang Dynasty, promoted the economic and cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and neighboring tribes, and made the Shang Dynasty a big country with many tribes, starting from Gansu in the west, east to the seashore, north to the desert, and south to the Yangtze River and Hanshui River basin. Historically known as "Wuding Zhongxing". After 59 years in office, he died and was posthumously awarded as Emperor Gaozong.

Shang Zhouwang has been king for seven years, and his surname is Zi. He ascended the throne in BC 1 19 1 and reigned for about 7 years. Wu Ding, the second son of a famous Shang dynasty, died of illness and was buried in Yin. Zu Geng's eldest brother's ancestral home was framed by his stepmother and expelled from Beijing by his father Wu Ding. Wu Ding died after being wronged. The third brother Zujia was born by his stepmother. In order to show his unwillingness to compete with his brother for the throne, he secretly left the palace. Wu Ding died of illness and Zu Geng succeeded to the throne. After Zu Geng's death, his third brother Zujia succeeded to the throne.

The son of Shang Sejong (Zujia) reigned for thirty-three years. Zujia, a Shang king, has a famous surname, and the date of birth and death is unknown. Wu Ding, his third son and younger brother, succeeded to the throne after his death and reigned for 33 years. He died of illness and was buried in Yin. In the heyday of Shang Dynasty, Emperor Wuding favored his youngest son Zujia, and planned to abolish Prince Zu Geng and establish Zujia instead. Zujia thought it was against etiquette and could not be forcibly abolished, otherwise the situation of "Nine Revolts" might be repeated, so he followed Wu Ding's example, left Beijing and lived among civilians. After Wu Ding's death, Prince Zu Geng succeeded to the throne. This moved Zu Geng very much and made Zujia succeed to the throne. Zu Geng died about seven years after he ascended the throne, and Zujia returned to Wang Du to inherit the throne. In order to serve the merits of their ancestors, merchants are popular in offering sacrifices, but the objects and order of the sacrifices are rather messy and there are no certain rules. After Zujia ascended the throne, he created the method of "Zhou Sacrifice". The specific method is: from the beginning of each year, according to the time sequence and temple number of the king and his legal spouse, three main ways of sacrifice are adopted every week. The weekly sacrifice is based on ten days, and every ten days is in the order of heavenly stems from the temple names of Wang and Yan. The heavenly stems on the day of sacrifice must be consistent with the temple names. For example, in the first ten days, Tian Jia was sacrificed, in the second day, and in the third day, until the first ten days; Sacrifice Taiyi (soup) on the second day of the twentieth day and Tai Ding on the fourth day; On the third day of March, Tai Jia was sacrificed, and on the third day, Wai C was sacrificed. Therefore, the ten-day sacrifice has been offered to Zu Geng, the elder brother of Zujia. From Jia to Jia, it takes 90 days to sacrifice to the first king. After the sacrifice, the other two ways of sacrifice were used again until all the sacrifices were finished. Zhou Sacrifice Law made the sacrificial system of Yin people more strict and standardized, so it prevailed in the second half of Shang Dynasty and gradually reached its peak. The Zhou Sacrifice Law founded by Zujia is the best embodiment of ancestor worship and religious system. In ancient civilization, each major nation had its own sacrificial system. The way of Zhou sacrificial ceremony was different from that of ancient Babylon and ancient Egypt, and it was a unique sacrificial system in ancient China.

The son of Shang Jiazong (Xin Qiji), who reigned for six years, was named Zixian and Shang Wang. The year of birth and death is unknown. After Zujia's death, Zujia son succeeded to the throne, reigned for 6 years, died of illness and was buried in Yin. During the ruling period, some tribes of the western countries constantly attacked the Shang Dynasty, sent troops for expeditions many times, and recruited several tribes such as Wei, Hu and Shou to send troops to attack. However, the tribes of China have never been conquered. After Yan Xin's death, his younger brother Kangding succeeded to the throne.

The son of Shang Kangzu (Geng Ding) became emperor in Kangding in 1 year. He is the king of Shang Dynasty, surnamed Xiao. Historical Records Yin Benji was mistaken for Geng Ding. He is the son of Zujia in Shang Dynasty and the younger brother of Xinxin in Shang Dynasty. After Yan Xin's death, he succeeded to the throne in 1 148, and reigned for only 1 year. He died and was buried in Yin. After his death, he was succeeded by his son Wu Yi. When he was in power, the Qiang side rose again in Shaanxi and Gansu, and repeatedly committed crimes against commerce, which often caused great losses to the Shang garrison and became the focus of the Shang Dynasty's desire to use troops. In view of the strong armed forces of Qiang people, Shang Wang made comprehensive plans and arrangements before the war. He ordered the garrison to temporarily avoid the enemy's front and stand by, and at the same time organized elite troops to reinforce the Qiang people in time to fight against foreign invasion. As a result of adopting the strategy of active defense, Kangding won the final victory in the war against Qiang, captured and killed Qiang Fangbo, occupied part of the land of Qiang people, and sent five tribes closely related to the royal family to defend. However, the Qiang side has not been eliminated, which has become a hidden danger.

Qu, the son of Shang Wuzu (Wuyi), reigned for 35 years. Wuyi was the king of Shang Dynasty, surnamed Qu. After Kang's death, Ding Yu1kloc-0, son of Shang Dynasty, succeeded to the throne in 47 years. He reigned for 35 years and died in BC 1 165438. After his death, his son Tai Ding (also known as Wen Ding) succeeded him. Legend has it that he was struck by lightning and died in the Weishui River Basin. Died in battle and buried in Yin. When Wuyi was in power, witchcraft was very fierce. Wuyi often tried to crack down on witchcraft under the pretext of providence. Once, he ordered a craftsman to carve a puppet, which was dignified in appearance and neat in crown and clothing, and was called a god. He asked the gods to gamble with him, and ordered a courtier to gamble with him as a god instead of a puppet. The courtiers were afraid of Wuyi, gave in step by step, and ended in a big defeat. Pointing at the puppet, Wushu Tuju said with a smile, "Since you are a god, how could you lose to me? You are so useless that you don't deserve to be called a god. " He also ordered the puppet to be hit left and right. On another occasion, Wu Yi ordered someone to make a leather bag full of animal blood and hang it on a branch. He personally bent his bow and shot back, and the blood of the beast gushed out. Wu Yi threw a bow and said with a smile, "Today, I shot a hole in the sky." After various struggles, the witch power was finally greatly reduced and the kingship was greatly increased. At that time, Western imperial edicts and the Zhou Dynasty jointly attacked the Shang Dynasty, and Wuyi sent troops to attack and captured thousands of imperial edicts. Later, Wuyi went hunting between the Yellow River and Weishui, and was said to have been struck by lightning. Some scholars believe that this statement is probably fabricated by a witch who hates Wuyi in order to belittle Wuyi. According to the historical data of Wuyi's frequent use of troops in the Weihe River basin in his later years, he may have died in the battle to conquer the tribes in the western regions.

King Taiding of Shang Kuang, 13 reigned, was called Shang Wending, also known as Tai Ding, and his surname was Zi Mingtuo. Son of Wu Yi, King of Shang Dynasty, ascended the throne in112 BC, and died in 1 102 BC. * * In office 1 1 year. After his death, he was succeeded by his son Dee. After Wen Ding succeeded to the throne, he adopted a policy of appeasement in order to relieve the threat of Zhou people. Zhou Hou's calendar is not polite Seeing the silence of the central government, he conquered Changzhi in Shanxi, and was defeated, and fell to Zhou. Zhou Hou Ji Li reported good news to Wen Ding (offering prisoners and trophies). Wen Dingjia named Ji Li as a "priest", and the priest had the meaning of a local governor, specializing in conquering power. Wen Ding hoped that Pastor Ji would help him solve the border problem. Pastor then began to shout for glory, he began to shout for glory to be defeated and fall to Zhou. A few years later, Ji Li defeated Miao Turong again and gave Wen Ding the three leaders of Miao Turong. Seeing that the situation in Ji Li is getting worse, Wen Ding feels that this is not a good thing. He suddenly ordered Ji Li to be imprisoned and killed him. Ji Li's son is the famous Zhou Wenwang. When he was in office, he also sent troops to conquer and return to China, but he did not conquer. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, he wrote about Wu Ding. In the history books, Tai Ding was named Mingtuo, the 30th prince of China Shang Dynasty. Son of former king Wuyi. According to the chronicles of bamboo books, he lived in 13 years. During his reign, Ji Li (the father of Ji Chang), the Duke of Zhou, was so surprised that he praised his merits first and then killed him.

Wang (Di Yi) admired Di Yi and Tai Ding for 26 years. Di Yi, Shang Dynasty was weaker. Make peace with Ji Chang in a friendly way. Shang Zhouwang, surnamed Zi Xianxian, is the son of Wang Shang Wen Ding (Taiding). Wen Ding succeeded to the throne after his death. He ascended the throne in110 BC. He died in 1076 BC and was buried in Yin. He reigned for 26 years and was succeeded by his son Xin (famous) after his death. During the reign of Diyi, the state power of Shang Dynasty had tended to decline. At that time, the Yi people between Jianghuai became strong again and prepared to attack the Shang Dynasty on a large scale. In the ninth year of Di Yi, he sent his troops to conquer Yi Dao and Huaiyi, but was stopped by Fang Meng (near Suixian County, Henan Province) on the way. Di Yi led the vassals to conquer Fang Meng and won. In the second year, Diyi continued to conquer the Yi people in the south and reached Youzhou in the Huaihe River Basin. In the second year, Di Yi and Houxi Xiao joined forces to attack the Yi people and returned home successfully. In the fifteenth year of Di Yi, they led the princes to conquer the Yi people again. In the last years of Emperor You, he moved the capital to Mo (that is, Qixian County, Henan Province).

Shang Zhouwang (a native of Shangzhou) has lived in Shangzhou for 52 years. One of his surnames is Xin, the other is Shou, and his old voice is Shou. He is just like Di Ziyi. Shang Zhou has wisdom and extraordinary strength. He attacked Dongyi on a large scale and won, which made a certain contribution to the spread of Central Plains culture. But Shang and Zhou dynasties were cruel and lewd. Spoiled da ji, tortured the people, overhauled the palace, and the people were miserable. At this time, the Western Zhou Dynasty gradually became stronger and finally destroyed the business. Zhou Wang set himself on fire and died. Shangwu Shang and Zhou Dynasties and Xia Jie also became the pronouns of tyrants-"unruly kings".