What are the auspicious days of sacrifice in a year?

Sacrifice to avoid the sun refers to the sacrificial activities held for the day of the death of the deceased. The anniversary of parents' death is called the anniversary of death. After taking clothes, drink and have fun on the day of death. "Sacrifice": "A gentleman has a lifelong loss, and the day he dies." On this day, relatives and friends of the deceased get together, or at home, or in the cemetery, or in the funeral home, offering sacrifices to the deceased, burning incense and kowtowing, and telling the feelings of lovesickness. Now all kinds of memorial services are sheltered from the sun. In addition to the above traditional practices, there are ways to learn from the west and emphasize individuality. For example, on this day, relatives and friends of the deceased went to the cemetery to present flowers to the deceased to express their grief; Or hold a memorial service, look at the photos, videos and relics of the deceased, and recall the happy days together in the past. This way of paying homage has been generally accepted by people, especially young people. Sacrificing ancestors in the Spring Festival is one of the oldest contents in the Spring Festival custom. "Shangshu Shundian" records: "On the first day of the month, Shunge was in Wen Zu." Kong Anguo explained the meaning of this sentence: On the first day of the first month, Shun Di went to the ancestral temple to worship his ancestors. On New Year's Eve, people have the custom of family reunion, setting up a church to fast, lighting incense and candles, and respectfully inviting ancestors or deceased relatives to go home for the New Year. During the memorial service, portraits of ancestors or deceased relatives are hung in the hall, memorial tablets are placed, and the lit incense is inserted into the incense burner, indicating that the ancestors or relatives have gone home. In order to show respect, the memorial tablet for ancestor worship should face south. During the Spring Festival, all the ancestral portraits or memorial tablets in the ancestral temple were put in order. Before the Spring Festival, or on the first day of the Lunar New Year, sacrifices were collectively placed on all ancestors. "Ancient and modern book collection, calendar image compilation, Fuping county annals" Volume 22 says: "All generations are alike, which is called the axis of God. 1 month 1 day, children and grandchildren will worship. " When I go home, I will sacrifice to my immediate ancestors. The purpose of ancestor worship is to thank the ancestors for their merits and pray for their spirits to bless the whole family for a happy new year. Of course, it also has the function of cohesive family strength and strengthening family relations. Family is the foundation of society, and ancestor worship strengthens the emotional connection between family members. In China society, clan power has always been very strong, accordingly, ancestor worship, as a direct embodiment of clan thought, has also flourished. Coupled with the political influence of Confucian "ruling the world with filial piety", ancestor worship has become a very important folk activity. Sacrificing auspicious days-The Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month is said to be earlier than the period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, and the 15th day of the first month was always designated as the Lantern Festival until Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty created the taichu calendar, which further affirmed the importance of the Lantern Festival. With the development of the past dynasties, the Lantern Festival has been continuously extended. According to legend, the Lantern Festival in the Tang Dynasty lasted only three days, which was extended to five days in the Song Dynasty and ten days in the Ming Dynasty, that is, from the eighth day of August until the seventeenth year. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Taoism believed in the "three gods", including the three gods of Shang Yuan Tian Guan, Zhong Yuan Di Guan and Xia Yuan Shui Guan. Their birthdays are the 15th day of the first month, the 15th day of July and the 15th day of October, so the 15th day of the first month is also called Shangyuan Festival. Some people think that it evolved from a ceremony in the court of the Han Dynasty. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, Shangyuan Festival, according to the custom, people make sacrifices at home or in ancestral halls, burn incense and kowtow, and pray for blessing. Therefore, "Shangyuan Festival" is an important festival to worship ghosts and gods. Eating Lantern Festival may have started in the Song Dynasty, but it was called "floating Zi Yuan" at that time, and it was renamed "Yuanxiao" in the Ming Dynasty. Every family makes and cooks Yuanxiao. In ancient times, this was a good omen for the first year. Eating glutinous rice balls symbolizes family happiness. After the Lantern Festival is finished, the ancestors are worshipped first, and then the family gets together and has a meal, which is already a happy reunion. April 4th every year, the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day, is an auspicious day to pay homage to the Cold Food Festival. Legend has it that this festival is to commemorate the Spring and Autumn Period. According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Jin Xiangong's concubine killed the prince in order to let her son inherit the throne, and Shen Sheng was forced to commit suicide. Shen Sheng's younger brother, Zhong Er, went into exile to escape the scourge. During his exile, Zhong Er suffered humiliation. Most of the courtiers who went out with him went out one after another. Only a few loyal people have been following him. One of them is called meson push. On one occasion, Zhong Er fainted from hunger. In order to save Zhong Er, Jiezitui cut a piece of meat from his leg, cooked it with fire and gave it to Zhong Er. Nineteen years later, Zhong Er returned to China and became the monarch, that is, Jin Wengong, one of the famous five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. After Jin Wengong came to power, he greatly rewarded his courtiers who shared joys and sorrows with him, except for Jie Zitui. Someone defended meson in front of Jin Wengong. Jin Wengong suddenly remembered the past and felt guilty. He immediately sent someone to ask meson to take the imperial court to be rewarded as an official. However, after several trips, the meson could not be pushed. Jin Wengong had to please. However, when Jin Wengong came to the meson pusher's house, he saw that the door was closed. Jiezitui didn't want to see him, and had already been hiding in Mianshan (now southeast of Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province) behind his mother's back. Jin Wengong asked his body guard to search Mianshan, but he couldn't find it. So, someone had an idea, saying, it is better to let Yamakaji go, set fire on three sides, leave one side, burn it and the meson will come out. Jin Wengong ordered the promotion of Yamakaji. Unexpectedly, the fire burned for three days and nights. After the fire was put out, the meson was not pushed out after all. Looking up the mountain, the mother and son were holding a charred willow tree and were dead. Jin Wengong looked at meson push's body and cried for a while. Then I buried the body and found that the back of meson push was blocked by a willow hole, as if there was something. I took it out and saw that it was a skirt with a bloody poem engraved on it: May your master be clear forever. It is better to be a ghost than to accompany you as an exhorter. If your master has me in his heart, remember that I often reflect. I have a clear conscience in Jiuquan, diligent and honest. Jin Wengong hid the bloody book in his sleeve. Then meson tui and his mother were buried under the charred willow tree. To commemorate Jiexiu, Jin Wengong ordered Mianshan to be changed to Jiexiu Mountain, and an ancestral temple was built on the mountain, and the day when Yamakaji was released was designated as the Cold Food Festival, telling the whole country that it is forbidden to set off fireworks and firecrackers on this day every year and only eat cold food. The following year, Jin Wengong led his ministers to go hiking in plain clothes to show their respect and condolences. Walking to the grave, I saw the dead old willow tree resurrected, with thousands of green branches dancing in the wind. Jin Wengong looked at the resurrected old willow tree and seemed to see the meson push. He walked up to him respectfully, lovingly squeezed a branch, braided it into a circle and put it on his head. After the sacrifice, Jin Wengong named the revived old willow "Qingming Willow" and named it Tomb-Sweeping Day. Since then, the people of Jin have been able to live and work in peace and contentment, and they are very nostalgic for Jietui, who has made outstanding contributions and is not looking for wealth. On the day of his death, it is forbidden to set off fireworks in memory of him. It is also made of flour and jujube paste into the shape of a swallow, strung with willows and inserted in the door to summon his soul. This thing is called "pushing swallows" (also called intermediary pushing). Since then, cold food and Qingming have become grand festivals for the people of the whole country. Whenever there is cold food, people don't make a fire to cook, but only eat cold food. In the north, people only eat cold food prepared in advance, such as jujube cakes and wheat cakes. In the south, there are mostly green balls and glutinous rice and sugar lotus roots. Every time I go to Tomb-Sweeping Day, people put wicker in a circle and put wicker branches in front of the house to show their memory. Sacrifice to an auspicious day-the day after the vernal equinox15th, Tomb-Sweeping Day sacrifices to the Tomb-Sweeping Day on the day after the vernal equinox15th. At this time, everything is clean and clear, so it is named. Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms in China. Because the 24 solar terms objectively reflect the changes of temperature, rainfall and phenology throughout the year, ancient working people used them to arrange agricultural activities. "Huainanzi Astronomical Training" says: "Fifteen days after the vernal equinox, the bucket refers to B, and the Qingming wind is coming." According to the centenarian question, "everything grows clean and bright at this time." So it is called Qingming. " As soon as Qingming arrives, the temperature rises and the rainfall increases, which is a good time for spring ploughing and planting. Therefore, there is an agricultural proverb that "before and after Qingming, point melons and plant beans" and "planting trees is not as good as Qingming". It can be seen that this solar term is closely related to agricultural production. However, Qingming, as a festival, is different from pure solar terms. Solar terms are symbols of phenological changes and seasonal order in China. Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional festival in China, and it is also the most important festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave and offering sacrifices to the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day. On the other hand, festivals contain certain customs and activities and some commemorative significance. Tomb-Sweeping Day's custom of worshipping ancestors and sweeping graves was inherited from the Han Dynasty, and has been circulated among the people ever since. After 2000 years, willow branches have to be inserted in some areas. On this day, every family's dutiful son and grandson will go to the suburbs to pay homage to their ancestors, erect a monument and lay paper on the grave, or eat in the cemetery, or eat at home after returning to the memorial tablet, or some will visit their deceased relatives in the ashes storage room of funeral homes or other cemeteries to express their grief. Today, the custom of ancestor worship and mourning for dead relatives is still very popular in Tomb-Sweeping Day. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Tomb-Sweeping Day's special atmosphere is vividly displayed. Sacrifice to Ji Chen-Ghost Festival on July 15 | Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival originated from Taoism. According to "Taoist Collection", "On the Mid-Autumn Festival, local officials collected and selected people to distinguish between good and evil, and in their days and nights, they recited scriptures, ten sages and articles by Qi Yongling. When the prisoner was hungry, he was relieved. " Therefore, since ancient times, people have regarded this day as a day to sacrifice their dead relatives and mourn their ancestors. The origin of Mid-Autumn Festival is also closely related to the Buddhist "Orchid Festival". "Magnolia" is Sanskrit, meaning upside down, and the basin refers to the container of offerings. They believe that this instrument can save the pain of the deceased parents and relatives. There is a story in the Buddhist Scripture of Dream Orchid that Manglietia (also known as Lotus), one of the top ten disciples of Sakyamuni, wants to repay his parents' kindness after getting six (six kinds of wisdom), that is, to inspect with the eyes of a Taoist and see his dead mother suffering in the hungry ghost road, skinny and inhuman. Manglietia was very sad, so she filled a bowl of rice and wanted to give it to her mother, but the rice was just delivered to her mother and turned to ashes before it was finished. Manglietia was helpless, crying and begging the Buddha to help save her mother. Buddha said, "Your mother is sinful, and you can't save her by yourself. You have to rely on the Taoist power of ten monks. On July 15th, the monks settled in the summer, and their practice was successful. You should offer a big pot of Menglan, feed ten monks all kinds of food, and save your mother by their spiritual strength. " Manglietia did as the Buddha instructed, and his mother really walked out of the hungry ghost road. The Buddha also said: "In the future, all Buddhist disciples can enjoy the sunshine on the 15th of July, which the Buddha likes, and prepare a hundred kinds of food and provide various pots for monks. This not only adds happiness and longevity to the living parents, but also leaves suffering and happiness for the dead parents, in order to repay the parents' parenting. " In the Western Jin Dynasty, Magnolia Bijing was translated into Chinese. Because it advocates repaying the kindness of parents' upbringing, which is roughly the same as the traditional Confucian filial piety in China, it has been highly respected and valued by kings of past dynasties and widely circulated in China. Since Liang Wudi founded the Orchid Club in the south, it has become a custom, and the scale is getting bigger and bigger. On July 15, Li Yu of Tang Daizong held a grand bonsai appreciation meeting in his palace. The temples in the city should also prepare offerings and display them in front of the Buddha statue, which is very pious. By the first year of the Song Dynasty and the First Year of the Song Dynasty, July 15th had evolved into a folk ancestor worship day, in which every family worshiped their ancestors and their families were ruined, and it was popular to cross over the lonely souls and wild ghosts with river lanterns. In the Qing Dynasty, people paid more attention to the Mid-Autumn Festival in July 15. Generally, temples, courtyards and ancestral temples all over the country hold Lanpen meetings, set up high platforms to recite scriptures and articles in the streets and alleys to make the land and water flow smoothly, and perform the drama "Saving Mother by Mulian", and also carry out some activities such as lion dancing and juggling. At night, paper boats of various sizes were put into the water, lit and burned, and at the same time, the river was released. It's just that at that time, every household had to burn paper money on the roadside outside the door to worship wild ghosts. Today, during the Mid-Autumn Festival on July 15, there are still many places in China that maintain the custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors. Good time to sacrifice-send cold clothes on the first day of October | Festival of Sacrifice to Ancestors The first day of October is called "October Dynasty", also known as "Festival of Sacrifice to Ancestors". Since ancient times, China has had the custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors in the new harvest season to show filial piety and not forget one's roots. Therefore, people also worship their ancestors Xiaomi on the first day of October. On the first day of October, ancestor worship, including family sacrifice and tomb sacrifice, is held in both north and south. Today, in many areas south of the Yangtze River, there is also the custom of offering sacrifices to new graves on the first day of October. The first day of October is also the first day of winter, and then the climate is getting colder. People are afraid that their ancestors' souls in the underworld are short of clothes and clothes. Therefore, in addition to food, incense sticks, paper money and other general offerings, there is also an indispensable offering-ghost clothing. When offering sacrifices, people incinerate ghost clothes to their ancestors, which is called "sending cold clothes". Therefore, the first day of October is also called "Clothing Burning Festival". Later, the custom of "burning cold clothes" changed in some places. Instead of burning cold clothes, people sealed a lot of paper in a paper bag, and wrote the names of the receiver and sender and their corresponding names. This is called "baggage". There is a name of cold clothes, but there is no reality of cold clothes. People think that the underworld, like the dead, can buy many things with money. Sacrificing an auspicious day-the winter solstice, commonly known as the "winter solstice", was a very grand festival in ancient times. Among the 24 solar terms, the winter solstice is also the most important. The ancients believed that by the winter solstice, although it was still in the cold season, spring was not far away. Everyone who goes out at this time will go home for the winter vacation, which indicates that there will be a home at the end of the year. People in Fujian and Taiwan believe that the annual winter solstice is a festival for family reunion, because it is a day to worship ancestors. Going out and not coming home is a person who denies his ancestors. The Winter Solstice Festival originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has been passed down to this day. Lu even said that the winter solstice is as big as a year. This shows that the ancients attached great importance to the winter solstice. People think that the winter solstice is a natural transformation of Yin and Yang and a blessing from heaven. In the Han Dynasty, the winter solstice was regarded as the "Winter Festival", and the official held a congratulatory ceremony called "He Dong", which was a routine festival. There is such a record in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "Before and after the winter solstice, a gentleman was prepared for danger in times of peace, refused to listen to politics, and chose an auspicious day to save trouble. "So, on this day, the imperial court had a holiday, the army was on standby, the frontier fortress was closed, the business trip was closed, relatives and friends sent meals to each other, visited each other, and had a quiet holiday happily. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solstice in winter was the day of ancestor worship. On this day, the emperor went to the suburbs to hold a ceremony to worship heaven. On this day, people must worship their parents. Now, some places still celebrate the winter solstice as a festival. The northern region has the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating jiaozi and wonton on the winter solstice, while the southern region has the custom of eating glutinous rice balls and long noodles on the winter solstice.