What are the characteristics of Guinea?

* * * and the Republic of Guinea.

The origin of the country name

Once upon a time, a French navigator came to the coast of West Africa. When he landed, he asked a local woman, "What is this place?" The woman didn't know French, so she said "Guinea" in the local language, which showed that she was a woman. The navigator mistakenly thought it was a place name, so it spread.

national flag

It is rectangular, and its length-width ratio is 3: 2. It consists of three parallel and equal vertical rectangles, which are red, yellow and green from left to right. Red symbolizes the blood of martyrs who fought for freedom, and also symbolizes the sacrifices made by workers to build the motherland; Yellow represents the country's gold and also symbolizes the sunshine that shines all over the country; Green symbolizes the plants in this country. In addition, red, yellow and green are also pan-African colors, and Guineans regard them as signs of "diligence, justice and unity".

national emblem

This is a coat of arms. The yellow shield is painted with crossed guns and swords, on which is a dove of peace with an olive branch. The base of the shield is the color of the national flag, and the decorative belt at the lower end reads "Labor, Justice and Unity". The theme of the national emblem expresses the determination of the Guinean people to defend national independence and freedom and their love for freedom and peace.

physical geography

It covers an area of more than 245,000 square kilometers. Located on the west coast of West Africa, it borders Guinea Bissau, Senegal and Mali in the north, C? te d 'Ivoire in the east, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the west, with a coastline of 352 kilometers. The terrain is complex, and the whole territory is divided into four natural areas: the west (called Guinea) is a long and narrow coastal plain. The central part (central Guinea) is the windy FoutaDjallon Plateau, with an average elevation of 900 meters. The three major rivers in West Africa-Niger River, senegal river and gambia river-all originate here, and are called "West Africa Water Tower". The northeast (Upper Guinea) is a platform with an average elevation of about 300 meters. The southeast is Guinea Plateau, and the elevation of Ningba Mountain is1752m, which is the highest peak in the whole territory. Coastal areas have a tropical monsoon climate, while inland areas have a tropical grassland climate.

Human population

8.5 million (2003). There are more than 20 ethnic groups in China, among which Raf (also known as Boer) accounts for more than 40% of the national population, Marinsh accounts for more than 30% of the national population, and Susu accounts for about 20%. The official language is French. All ethnic groups have their own languages, and the main languages are Susu, Marince and Raf (also known as Boer). About 85% of the residents in China believe in Islam, 4.6% in primitive religion and 4.3% in Christianity.

capital

Conakry is the largest city in China. Located on the southwest coast of Guinea, bordering on the east side of the Atlantic Ocean, it consists of Ross Islands, Karume Peninsula and coastal land connected with the peninsula. It is the largest seaport in Guinea and one of the largest seaports in West Africa. It belongs to the tropical rainforest climate, with the north wind prevailing in January and the south wind prevailing in July. The annual average maximum temperature is 34℃, the rainy season is from May to 1 1 month every year, and the annual average rainfall is about 3000mm. The population is about 1100000 (website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 20061month).

brief history

From the 9th century to15th century, Guinea was a part of the Kingdom of Ghana and the Empire of Mali. From 1870 to 1875, Samori Toure, a national hero, unified the small kingdoms of China. Establish the kingdom of Uazulu. /kloc-Portuguese colonists invaded Guinea in the 5th century, followed by Spain, the Netherlands, France and Britain. From 1842 to 1897, French colonialists signed more than 30 "protection" treaties with tribal chiefs. 1885 Berlin conference divided France into several spheres of influence. 1893 was named French Guinea. 1957, Sé gou Touré, leader of the Democratic Party of Guinea, organized a semi-autonomous territorial government. 1958 In September, the Guinean people voted against the French Charles de Gaulle Constitution, demanding immediate independence and refusing to stay in France. In the same year10.2, independence was officially declared and the People's Revolutionary Republic of Guinea was established. Toure became the first president of the Republic of China. 1984 At the end of March, President Segou Toure passed away. On April 3rd, soldiers headed by Lansana Conte and Colonel Diallo Traoré set up the National Military Commission for Revival, which took over the supreme power of the country and changed its name to the Republic of Guinea (also known as the Second Republic of Guinea). The new government was established on April 5. Conte is the president and Traore is the prime minister. 199 1 year 1 month, announced the dissolution of the military commission for national rejuvenation, and established a new transitional commission for national rejuvenation in accordance with the Basic Law, which is the highest organ of state power. 1February, 12 special laws on political parties, news, elections and justice were promulgated. 1in April 1992, the political party law was implemented and the multi-party system was changed. 1994 1 month, the third Republic was established.

politics

19901On February 23rd, Guinea held a referendum and adopted the Basic Law. The basic law stipulates that the presidential system is implemented, and the president is the head of state and government. The president is elected by universal suffrage for a term of five years and can be re-elected for two terms. 200 1 year 1 1 month, the constitution was amended, and the new constitution stipulated that the term of office of the president was extended from 5 years to 7 years, with the possibility of being re-elected, and the restriction that the age of presidential candidates should not exceed 70 years was abolished.

diplomacy

Guinea's military government declared its loyalty to the Charter of the United Nations, the Charter of the Organization of African Unity and the principles of the Non-Aligned Movement: respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries and never interfering in the internal affairs of other countries. The military government vigorously promotes "development diplomacy" and actively seeks international support and assistance.

Relations with China

19591On October 4th, Guinea established diplomatic relations with China.

The capital Conakry

It covers an area of 245,857 square kilometers.

Time difference with Beijing -8

International telephone code 224

Population 7.5 million

Language French is the official language, and each tribe uses its own language.

Currency Guinea franc

There are more than 20 ethnic groups, mainly Raf (40%), Marinsh (30%) and Susu.

Religious residents believe in Islam (85%), primitive religion (5%), Catholicism and Christianity.

Independence Day on September 28th.

National Day 65438+10.2.

Relations with China1959101Established diplomatic relations with China on October 4th.

Administrative divisions and major cities

The country is divided into the capital city of Conakry and seven administrative regions, namely Kindia, Bokai, Rabe, Mamu, Farana, Nzerekore and Kangkang. The administrative region governs 33 provinces (prefectures) and 5 urban districts in Conakry; The province is divided into sous-preference；; Grassroots administrative units are natural villages or urban streets. The main cities are: Kindia, Bokai, Rabe, Mamu, Farana, Enzerekore and Kangkang. These seven cities are the capitals of seven administrative regions.

Kindia region: Kindia has a population of 300,000, Koya has a population of 60,000, Du Breka has a population of 90,000 and Forecaria has a population of 65,438+07,000.

Terry Miller has a population of 200,000. Jindia, the capital of this region, is located at the southern end of Fengtai-FoutaDjallon Plateau, with an altitude of 400 meters, 65,438+037 kilometers northeast of the capital and 65,438+060 kilometers away from Mamu City. Jindia City is the transportation hub of many railways and highways and the distribution center of agricultural and forestry products, and it is rich in bauxite resources. There are Ralph Agricultural College, Fruit Institute, Ape Institute and Snake Injury Serum Medical Institute. There are zoos and botanical gardens in the suburbs. There are Bangbang-Yadia Agricultural Technology Extension Station aided by China and Conakry Urban Water Supply Project undertaken by Jiangsu International Company of China.

Bokai area: Bokai has a population of 265,438+00,000, Bofa has a population of 65,438+03,000, FRIA has a population of 70,000, Gaowal has a population of 65,438+02,000, and Kundala has a population of 90,000. Bofa, the capital of the region, is 300 kilometers away from the capital and 52 kilometers away from Comsa. There are museums and airports in the city. In Coba, Bofa province, President Conte's hometown, China built a sugar cane plantation and a sugar factory in the 1970s, and now he has established a China-Guinea agricultural cooperation company on the original site. Several bases of China Henan International Company are also located here. In Bokai and Fria, there are large bauxite enterprises operated by foreign capital such as the United States, which are called "countries within a country".

Rabe Region: LABE has a population of 240,000, Kubiya has a population of 90,000, Leluma has a population of 65,438+06,000, Mali has a population of 65,438+07,000 and Tug has a population of 65,438+065,438. Rabe, the capital of this region, is located in the middle of Fengtai-FoutaDjallon Plateau, 43 1 km northwest of the capital, 0/km from Mamu/kloc-4/kloc-0, 26 km from Mali/kloc-0 and 252 km from Kontala. There is a radio station aided by China in the city, Rabe unit of China Foreign Aid Medical Team is located near the airport and state guesthouse, and there is Jin Kang Hydropower Station aided by China 40 kilometers away. A large area of banana, mango, citrus and lemon forests are planted in the suburbs, and flowers such as roses, sweet-scented osmanthus and jasmine compete for each other. Rabe is rich in honey, pepper and essence. The former French perfume factory has stopped production.

Mamu area: Mamu population is 6.5438+0.8 million, DALABA population is 6.5438+0.2 million, and Pita population is 2.65438+0.8 million. Mamu, the capital of this area, is 275 kilometers away from the capital and 0/84 kilometers away from Farana/Kloc. China has built farm tools factories, farmland renovation projects and several urban power supply projects in this area.

Farana region: Farana population10.5 million, Dabola population 80,000, Dingjilaye population10.3 million, and Kissidougou population 200,000. Farana, the regional capital, is 460 kilometers away from the capital and 0/37 kilometers away from Gisidougou/Kloc. China once stationed a medical team in Farana, and built an agricultural technology extension station and peanut oil factory in Dabola.

Nzerekore region: Nzerekore has a population of 430,000, Beira has a population of 240,000, Guekedu has a population of 540,000, Lola has a population of 265,438+000, and Macenta and Yomu have a population of 390,000. Enzerekore, the capital of the region, is 954 kilometers away from the capital, 382 kilometers away from Kangkang and 35 kilometers away from the border city of Lola. There are airports, museums and hotels. Every Wednesday in this city is a big episode. China once stationed a medical team in Nzerekore, and built a tea garden and processing factory in Masanda.

Kangkang area: Kangkang province has a population of 260,000, Kailuwan province has a population of 65,438+200,000, Kulusa province has a population of 65,438+300,000, Mandia province has a population of 200,000 and Sigiri province has a population of 240,000. Kangkang, the regional capital, is located on the left bank of Milo River, a tributary of Niger River, with an altitude of 377 meters, 690 kilometers northeast of the capital, and 190 kilometers away from Gisidougou City. It is the economic center of several eastern regions and the center of the national highway network, the end of the railway to the mainland and the starting point of shipping on the Milo River, and has an airport. Kangkang has a longer history than the capital. /kloc-For more than 0/00 years, it has been the traditional commercial center of Guinea, and there is a typical African market in the urban area. Diamonds mined from Shangji and Senji are distributed here, and representatives from dozens of countries buy diamonds here all the year round. China once built a brick and tile factory and a medium wave broadcasting relay station in Kangkang.