A difficult problem, learn to give directions, thank you.

Song entered a private school at the age of 6, and 17 entered Taoyuan Zhangjiang Academy. Influenced by county magistrate Huang Shouyi, Qu and others, his performance in the imperial examination was weak, he cared about world affairs and sprouted anti-Qing thoughts. In the 28th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1902), he was admitted to Wuchang General Middle School with excellent results. When he entered school the next year, Wuhan, a thoroughfare of nine provinces, showed him a new world. He was attracted by the Wuchang Huayuanshan Party, a revolutionary group organized by Wu Luzhen and others. He often discussed current affairs and revolution with his classmate Tian Tong, and decided to take the road of anti-Qing revolution. In August of that year, Huang Xing went to Wuchang, where they met and became close friends until death do us part. Soon, Huang Xing was expelled from Wuchang and returned to Changsha because of his fierce anti-Qing remarks. Later, he also returned to Hunan to do liaison work for the establishment of revolutionary groups in Changsha and Changde. 165438+1On October 4th, Song, Huang Xing, Liu, Chen Tianhua, Zhang and others organized a Hua Xing Fair in Huang Zhai, Changsha. In February of Guangxu 30th year, Huaxing Club was formally established in Changsha, with Huang Xing as the president and Song as the vice president. The aim of the association is to "expel the Tatars and restore China". After the establishment of Huaxing Association, it immediately set out to expand the organization and prepare for an armed uprising. Song's activities in China Star Club initially showed his outstanding organizational skills. In July of that year, Song initiated the establishment of a "science tutorial center" in Wuchang, which was used as a cover to carry out revolutionary activities in the new army and schools. At that time, Hua Xinghui planned the uprisings in Changsha, Yuezhou, Hengyang, Baoqing and Changde on the occasion of the seventieth birthday of Empress Dowager Cixi. Song is responsible for the organization and launch of Changde Road. In September, Song returned to Changde and set up the "Xiangxi Contact Terminal" in the inns of five provinces in the city. 10 At the beginning of June, he was promoted to be a leader at the Hui people's conference held in Gaby, Changde. It was agreed that during the uprising, the congregation would dress up as pilgrims from Wu Leishan and gather at the Confucius Temple near Gaby City to receive instructions. 165438+ 10 5, Song went to Changsha to inquire about the uprising, and Hunan Governor Lu ordered a search. At the end of the year, Song Jingwu Han and Shanghai went to Japan.

Alliance veteran

In the 30th year of Guangxu, Song arrived in Japan on February 13, 2003. Hardly had he settled down when he started revolutionary activities again. First of all, he founded zhina, a revolutionary magazine of the 20th century, which was published in June of 3 1 year. In August, at the initiative of Sun Yat-sen, the League was established in Tokyo, Japan. In the 20th century, it was changed to People's Daily, the organ newspaper of the League, which was written by Song as the chief inspector of the Legal Department of the League. In June of that year, Song entered the Japan University of Political Science and Law, and in February of the following year, he entered Waseda University for preparatory studies. He intended to be promoted to undergraduate course, but later he dropped out of school due to illness. In the spring of Guangxu's thirty-third year, Song Qian returned to Anton, Liaoning, set up the Liaodong branch of the League, contacted people in the northeast, planned to launch an armed uprising in Shenyang, and then sneaked back to Tokyo. During his activities in Northeast China, he learned about Japan's plot to annex the "Senkaku Island". He temporarily put down his revolutionary liaison work, and with the help of his Japanese friend Katayama, he entered the Changbai Mountain Society, a Japanese conspiracy organization, and risked his life to seize a lot of false evidence from the society. After returning to Tokyo, he consulted a large number of ancient books, and soon wrote the book "The Island Problem", which proved that the island and Yanji area have belonged to China territory since the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. After the Japanese government learned of this, it demanded 5,000 gold for the manuscript, but failed. If it reaches the Qing government, if it wins, the Qing government will negotiate with Japan and win with the strong arguments of this book.

In the spring of the second year (19 10), the revolutionary forces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River suddenly increased, and Song proposed to shift the revolutionary focus accordingly. At the end of the year, he returned to Shanghai from Japan, and Yu Youren hired him as the lead writer of Democracy Daily. He wrote a lot of articles promoting the revolution under the pseudonym of "Fisherman". In July of the following year, Song, Song, Song, Song and Song established the Central Committee of the League in Shanghai and served as the general affairs officer. He personally or sent people to and from Shanghai and Hunan to actively develop branches of the Central Committee, raise funds, buy weapons and ammunition, and promote the revolutionary process in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The revolutionary situation in the two lakes was unprecedentedly high, which eventually led to the outbreak of Wuchang Uprising. Jiao Ren in Song Dynasty was very happy with the success of Wuchang Uprising. He created revolutionary public opinion in Shanghai. Through the publication of articles and telegrams, we actively urge governments of all countries to strictly observe neutrality towards the China revolution and recognize that the revolutionary army is a warring group; Vigorously publicize the purpose of the revolution at home and explain that "the revolutionary party's doctrine is to claim to overthrow the evil government and leave the people out of the quagmire" in order to win the support of the people. At the same time, he actively coordinated the response of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. He published "Hubei Situation Geography" in Democratic Daily, expounding the importance of Wuchang, and repeatedly said: "Today's situation is in Wuchang." Excited, Song was deeply worried about the demotion of the military and political leader. 10 10 On October 24th, Huang Xing arrived in Shanghai from Hong Kong. Song "reunited after a long separation, and talked about fighting with it", urging Huang Xing to lead a new army to seize Nanjing in the ninth town and capture Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, so as not to be subject to Li, but Huang Xing did not listen. On 28th, Song and Huang Xing arrived in Wuhan. At this time, the organization of the prefect office was basically established, and Song only assisted in handling foreign affairs. At this time, the great powers have expressed neutrality, and there is nothing important to do in diplomacy. Song Jiao Ren tried to instigate Huang Xing to be the governor of the two lakes, but failed. He turned to the construction of local political power and drafted the Constitution of Ezhou, which was promulgated after being approved by the military government. This is the first constitutional document in the history of China, which embodies the modern western democratic spirit. But it was not put into practice at that time, and Li's position and power were not weakened. The military hosted by Huang Xing is also in a bad situation. Song left Wuchang on June165438+1October 13 and decided to go to Nanjing to open up a new situation.

Campaign * * *

Song Jiao Ren traveled back and forth between Zhenjiang and Shanghai, urging a quick attack on Nanjing. On February 2, 65438, the ancient city of Nanjing finally declared its recovery. On the 7th, the Governor of Jiangsu Province was newly established, with Song as the administrative director. At this time, it is urgent for Shi Yusheng to declare independence, stand in the revolutionary camp and organize a temporary central government. Song was eager to resist Li, but his correct ideas were not understood and suffered setbacks. There are also differences with Sun Yat-sen in implementing the presidential system and the responsibility cabinet system. Sun Yat-sen advocated presidential system and Song advocated cabinet system. On New Year's Day in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the Nanjing Provisional Government was established, with Sun Yat-sen as interim president and Song as only the Legislative Yuan. Many people are indignant that Song did not serve as the chief of the interior, but he said, "It is irrelevant that the chief is not the chief. I have always advocated cabinet system and party cabinet system. Now, I have pieced together and stopped being the chief. " * * * and Zhao Zao, it is not that our party has the courage to take responsibility and make bold innovations, which is not enough to talk about politics. Old bureaucrats are ambiguous and timid. Where can they talk about revolution? "Song attached great importance to the legislative work, and soon drafted the draft constitution, the Organic Law of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China, and still advocated the cabinet system, which was accepted by Sun Yat-sen. The interim constitution was based on Song's Ezhou Constitution and the draft constitution. After Sun Yat-sen gave way to Yuan Shikai, Song became the chief minister of agriculture and forestry of the Tang cabinet on April 27th. His interest is politics, and he immediately began to implement his political ideals of the party. He asked Qiu Ao and others to establish Yadong New Newspaper, which "supervised the government, guided the people, consolidated the political power and paid attention to the Republic of China", and published a long article in the newspaper under the pseudonym "Taoyuan fisherman". At the beginning of July, Song resigned as the chief of agriculture and forestry because he was dissatisfied with Yuan Shikai's act of undermining the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China. On July 2 1 day, the League headquarters held a summer conference, and Song was elected as the general director and became the actual host of the League. He quickened the pace of organizing large-scale parties. On August 25th, China Kuomintang was established with the League as the core, united with the Kuomintang, the National Progressive Party, the * * * Progressive Party and the Real Progressive Party, and held an inaugural meeting.