What are the main festivals and customs in Hunan at the age of 20? What are the characteristics?

The first day of the first lunar month is the Spring Festival, also known as "China New Year".

On the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, we celebrate the New Year. After the new year, we began to prepare for the festival.

On New Year's Eve, we worship our ancestors and have a New Year's Eve dinner with the whole family. All the floating population should go home for the New Year's Eve dinner so as to reunite with their families. Put up Spring Festival couplets and set off firecrackers before meals. At the dinner table, no one is allowed to say "broken words" (unlucky words). Others are afraid of disadvantages, so they write on red paper: "Children's words and women's words are not taboo" and stick them on the wall. After the New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up all night, which is called "Shounian". After midnight, people set off firecrackers to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.

On the first day of New Year's Day, adults and children put on new clothes, pay New Year greetings to their elders first, and then go out to congratulate each other.

On the morning of the first day of junior high school, every household scrambled to open the door (commonly known as "opening the door of wealth") and set off firecrackers, which means that whoever opens the door early in the New Year will prosper and get the most "wealth". People are scrambling to carry water, and whoever carries water first will be lucky.

In the old society, the poor evaded debts. There is such a proverb: "Twenty-eight mouths to answer, twenty-nine mouths to have, yes, yes, thirty to meet, the first arch to cross." On New Year's Eve, people who are in debt are often the first to post Spring Festival couplets. Because the Spring Festival couplets are posted, creditors will not come to the door to force debts.

(2) Lantern Festival

The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival. At night, lanterns are lively, singing and dancing are peaceful, and men, women and children watch lanterns together for fun.

The Lantern Festival lasts for three nights from the 13th to 15th of the first month. These three nights are all colorful lanterns. There are dragon lanterns, lion lanterns, flower boats and flower-picking lanterns.

On the night of the Lantern Festival, fireworks are set off. Orchestral music, bamboo ensemble, gongs, drums and firecrackers. Lamp watchers are bustling and dense as clouds.

In the past decades, on the 14th night of the first month, those children would steal vegetables from other people's gardens and go home to cook porridge. It's called stealing spring. Stealing evening food means setting off firecrackers at the door to let people know that you are stealing spring. This is also a gift. At first, few people knew this tradition and few people did it.

Stealing spring once represented harmony and enhanced friendship between people.

(3) March 3, last Sunday.

The third day of March is the last day. In ancient times, the first March of March in the summer calendar was called "Shangsi". On the third day of March, there are always four days. On this day, people scatter shepherd's purse flowers on the stove and where they sit and sleep, thinking that they can kill ants and other pests; Hide cauliflower and tung flower in sweaters and down jackets, thinking that clothes can be eaten; Women wear cauliflower on their heads, thinking that they can avoid headaches and sleep soundly at night. Scrambled eggs with cauliflower to commemorate.

Qingming Festival

Zixing custom: The first five days and the last five days of April 6th in Gregorian calendar are Tomb-Sweeping Day. Families from all over the country came back to visit graves to worship their ancestors. It's an honor. Generally, they should be present, which reflects the local custom of respecting the elderly.

(5) Dragon Boat Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. Before the Dragon Boat Festival, every family wrapped zongzi in palm leaves. Make a rope out of hemp and string the zongzi together!

Dragon boat racing is a traditional competitive sports activity, and the prosperity of dragon boat racing is to commemorate Qu Yuan. It was at this time that the water level of Zixing River rose, which was just suitable for the dragon boat race.

The younger generation congratulates their elders, drinks realgar wine and sends greetings on holidays. Young parents took their children to grandma's house for the holidays, called them scholars, and brought blessings and some gifts from past festivals.

(6) July and a half

In folk customs, the night of July 14 is just when the gate of hell is wide open, and the underworld has a half-day holiday. Zixing people who respect the elderly worship their ancestors at home according to the custom, put offerings on the altar, buy colored paper and cut into your clothes, etc., which means to honor their ancestors, make clothes and pants for them, burn them to their ancestors, and then set off firecrackers, so please have ancestors.

(7) Mid-Autumn Festival

August 15th of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival.

The Mid-Autumn Festival has the custom of "appreciating the moon". "In fact, sharing moon cakes is called' appreciating the moon'. Mid-Autumn Festival is the time when chestnuts are ripe. Young people often take chestnuts to visit their mother-in-law's house on this day.

Folk proverb: "the autumn moon is in the clouds, and it rains for half a day." In addition to enjoying the moon, the Mid-Autumn Festival also has the intention of seeing the sky.

(8) Double Ninth Festival

September 9th, the Double Ninth Festival, is the time for Bailu. During the slack season, local people will brew a kind of rice wine called Bailu wine in a traditional way. In a unique way, homemade Bailu rice wine will be used to make local white wine, and then it will be sealed and buried underground. Decades later, covered with thyme, the banquet was precious and the wine was overflowing, so it was called "Drunkenness leads a dream to death". Just like wine that has been ringing for thousands of days,

Also on the Double Ninth Festival, the younger generation will greet their elders, including their parents.

(9) Solstices from spring to summer and from autumn to winter.

During these four days, people should get together, nourish their bodies and celebrate their lives.

Second, marriage and marriage.

(1) engaged

During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, following the old marriage system, the suitor had to ask the matchmaker to mediate first, and after both men and women agreed, the man decided to get married on this day. The gift is decided by the matchmaker with mutual consent. Generally, there are "pledged money", clothes, gold and silver jewelry, meat, eggs and cakes.

(2) Choose a suitable wedding date

As the saying goes, "send a day" (that is, choose a wedding date). On this day, in addition to food and bonus gifts, bride price and gifts are also given (gifts: relatives of the same generation as the woman's parents should send a food and bonus gift). After receiving "Tian", the woman will give her daughter a dowry. Rich people love their daughters and are very particular about marriage. Their wedding dresses, jewelry and furniture are all complete. .

On the wedding day, the man will hold a big banquet, such as wedding, banquet, media appreciation and so on.

You need a sedan chair and a drummer to get married. After the sedan chair was issued at night, firecrackers followed all the way. The sedan chair stopped in front of the woman's house and set off firecrackers to inform her in-laws that the sedan chair had arrived. The next morning, I waited for the bride to wash and get on the sedan chair. If the couple don't get on the sedan chair for a long time, the man will set off firecrackers to urge them, and the woman will also set off firecrackers inside the door to celebrate. When the man urges, he must knock on the door once. When the woman opens the door slightly, the man can conveniently hand in the "door-urging bag" (wrapped in red paper with coins inside). Some people can open the door and get on the sedan chair soon, while others close the door many times, even dozens of times, to delay the time of getting on the sedan chair.

The bride must freshen up before getting on the sedan chair. You should wear your husband's clothes inside and out and throw away the original clothes. Parents hold a bowl of vegetables for the bride. You can't eat them. When the couple's peers took over the rice bowl, they threw away her clothes and rice bowl and didn't take them to her husband's house. Then, the couple stood on the welcome platform filled with rice, with their brothers of the same age on their backs, and did not take away her land.

When the bride arrived at her husband's house, she carried the sedan chair to the front door to rest. It takes a long time for the bride to get off the sedan chair. This practice is called "cold personality" and is intended to suppress the bride's temper.

When the bride got off the sedan chair, the bride's family carried the sedan chair without touching the ground. In addition, a "whole person" (husband and wife, a man full of children) passes bags at his feet, and the bride walks forward on the bags, bag after bag (meaning "generation"), all the way to the red carpet in front of the hall to marry the bride. After the memorial service, he was sent to the bridal chamber. When the bride enters the bridal chamber, she should look up. This is called "looking up" and "not being angry".

After entering the bridal chamber, friends and relatives come to have sex at night, which is very lively. The custom stipulates that "big things and small things last for three days", and all peers, juniors and elders can make trouble within three days of marriage. The construction of new houses must be "said well" and not "said badly".

When the newlyweds go to bed, both sides should be eager to ask questions, saying that whoever speaks first at this time will be able to keep his word at home in the future. The custom also stipulates that newlyweds are not allowed to "empty their beds" for one month, and newlyweds are not allowed to stay alone during this month. The first month of marriage is called "honeymoon".

At the wedding, the man will give a big banquet to thank the guests. After rewarding the guests, they also invited the woman's parents, uncles and aunts, and brothers and sisters of the same age to have dinner at home. This is called "meeting relatives".

After the full moon, the newlyweds will "return to the door". The new son-in-law "returns to the door", and the bride's family also wants to treat the new son-in-law

Sansheng birthday celebration

When a woman gives birth to a child, she should "report good news" to her mother-in-law's two close relatives and friends (especially when the first child is grand). Good news presents include dumplings, noodles, red eggs, dates or brown sugar. People who receive wedding gifts should give them. There are three kinds of gifts: decorations worn by children; What the mother eats during childbirth; Money for babies to meet (or "centenary money"). The giver can't go back with an empty basket. Red eggs should be put in each gift basket, and some of them should be covered with noodles (longevity noodles) and eggs. Some people should also put birthday peaches made of rice flour at the bottom of the basket. Friends and relatives with ordinary relationships also have a good life. This kind of egg is fragrant, which means that there is no need to give gifts until it is dyed red. Some of the dates of giving gifts are "washing three", some are "nine dynasties", and some are half a month. After receiving the gifts, everyone will give a big banquet to thank them.

When a child is born for three days, it is called "washing three" to bathe the child. On this day, adults go out with their children to worship heaven and earth, the anniversary, the spirit of heaven and earth, and wish their children a long life. The child worships heaven and earth and gives him an umbrella to cover the sky. One saying is that the "blood stain" on the umbrella can't rush to the gods in heaven, so it can avoid disaster; Umbrella is another way of saying that it is used to exorcise evil spirits. Monsters are afraid to go near children's bodies when they see umbrellas, so that they can be safe all the year round.

"Nine Dynasties" is a big day for children after landing. In the past, due to poor maternal and child health care conditions and underdeveloped medicine, children were often infected with tetanus and died within seven days, which was called "seven umbilical winds". If you don't die for seven days, you will be happy, so there is a custom of "nine dynasties are right" in the local area. This day. Relatives and friends should congratulate their children and express their love, and the recipients should hold a grand wedding banquet to entertain the guests.

"One year old", on the day of Yingzhou, grandma's family gave her grandson a "catch the week" and gave him a gift. These gifts are just decorations for children. There is a dog head hat with eighteen silver arhats on it. Ornaments include "collars", "longevity locks" and bracelets or anklets. Most of these decorations are silver, which means longevity and wealth. Bags for children should be painted with gossip, shoes embroidered with tiger heads, and clothes for children to wear all year round. Grandma's "grasping the week" for her grandson is to let the grandson sit on the table and hold various items with a sieve mirror (that is, the sieve and the mirror are together) for the child to grasp with his hands. Generally, there are Four Treasures of the Study, sword model, abacus, rouge pollen, needle and thread, flower tension and so on. Take what the child takes for the first time as a sign of the development trend of the child when he grows up.

Birthdays are divided into big birthdays and small birthdays. Birthdays are small birthdays every year. On the birthday, the mother laid eggs for the children. Big birthdays are celebrated every ten birthdays. Although birthdays are once every ten years, it is customary to spend one year, and life has no end. Some people say that 30-year-olds don't celebrate their birthdays. If they do, it is called "Left Third" in the local dialect (which means being beaten), so the locals don't do it. At the birthday celebration, all relatives and six relatives should give gifts. Gifts generally include clothes, coins, shoes, meat, eggs, dried noodles, birthday couplets, cakes and so on. On the first night near the birthday, the whole family holds a banquet, which is called "warm birthday"; The next day, the foreign guests will pay as scheduled. A literate family should make "Shoutao Baba" with rice flour and sugar for their birthdays and distribute it to relatives and friends.

Four. Funeral and sacrifice

(1) funeral

Clearly attack Li Ming and inherit the old customs. The shroud, hat and shoes worn by the deceased, as well as the linen, tent shoes and three-beam crown worn by future generations in mourning, are still made in accordance with the Ming Dynasty.

The deceased wore a shroud with "five collars" and "three waists" (that is, five tops and three bottoms). Some small families are too poor to make shroud. In order not to violate the custom, they use "fake collar" and "fake waist" to match the number of five or three.

After death, the body is usually kept for three days, and the relatives of the deceased take care of it day and night, which is called "cold corpse". The body of the deceased must be cooled before entering the coffin to prevent resurrection. After entering the coffin, when the coffin cover is sealed, it is necessary to say goodbye to the body.

There are also regulations on the parking of the coffin of the deceased. The deceased must be over 60 years old to park in the center of the hall. This is called "dying". Under the age of 60, it is called "premature death". Coffins can only be parked in the middle of the hall, which is different for men and women.

Since the establishment of the mourning hall, there have been regular "funerals" or funerals. The dutiful son guarded the coffin day and night, and relatives and friends mourned and sent sacrificial seats, mourning accounts, elegiac couplets, incense sticks and paper yards. When mourning, the family of the deceased asked the trumpeter to blow the horn as a grand gesture. Some large families also ask monks to fast on July 7; However, poor families have to be simple, do a few "seven" fast, or don't do it fast.

When buried, all relatives and six relatives, along with the funeral procession, all want Dai Xiao towels to show their respect for the dead, and the city usually sends them back to the gate. I lost my family and returned to the city. Rural areas are generally sent from the village entrance and also sent to the cemetery. At the funeral, the coffin is parked in front of the door, which is called "French seal". The people only use the mountain people to send evil spirits, instead of sacrificial ceremonies. The mountain man muttered to himself in front of the coffin, picked up a kitchen knife to kill the spare cock, and then smashed the rice bowl put on the coffin in advance with a bloody kitchen knife. This is called "breaking evil". After the "evil spirits" were broken, firecrackers were set off, and the families of the deceased "wailed". Cried the coffin bearer, carrying the coffin on his shoulder and rushing to the cemetery for the funeral. The coffin must not fall on the ground on the way, so if the coffin bearer needs a rest, he has to support the "dragon bar" with a pole.

During the funeral, the mourners and the dutiful son dug three shovels of earth on the selected land and then dug a "well" (pit) together. When digging a well, the dutiful son should sleep in the "well hall", which is called the "incubation pit", indicating that the dutiful son is filial. After the coffin was put down, it was put into the grave. Three days later, all the relatives of Xiao Ju's descendants will go to the cemetery to offer sacrifices. This is the so-called "Fushan".

Except for the coffin (that is, the coffin house made of reed wood and burning paper), it is usually held after the funeral of the coffin, and some are held in "June 7" or "Do 7".

According to local customs, funerals are black and white happy events: funerals at home are mainly vegetarian. During the period of filial piety, family members wear black, blue and plain clothes, and the decorations are mainly white, and red is forbidden. The door is made of blue or yellow paper.

-

Maybe this will help you.

Generally speaking, these features,

Just 1, celebrate 2, toast 3, toast 4, unite.