Jade Craft from the Year of the Loong to Gannian: What is the correct name of "the birth of the Eight Immortals of Jade Turtle"? And its details.

"Eight Animals" refers to eight kinds of animals such as Kirin, lion, elephant, sheep, green cow, tiger, deer and horse. They are the legendary "Eight Immortals". Six men, two women and eight children dressed as Eight Immortals ride on eight beasts to perform, so they are also called "Eight Immortals ride on eight beasts" and "Eight Immortals ride on eight beasts".

It's the birthday of the Eight Immortals.

The time for the Eight Immortals to attain the Tao has different stages, and their respective origins are brilliant. The oldest one is Li Tie's kidnapper, who was originally burly and turned into a fairy from the Queen Mother of the West. He lived in Dangshan in seclusion and was named Ningyangzi. One day, at the invitation of Taishang Laojun and Zhang, he went to Huashan. Before he left, he told a little Taoist to do chores for him: "If you don't come back in seven days, I'll burn myself." Unexpectedly, on the sixth day, the little Taoist's brother came to report that his mother was seriously ill. The little Taoist priest was anxious to go home to visit and stayed up all night. At noon the next day, seeing that Lao Li's soul had not returned, he burned his body and hurried on the road to mothering. In the evening, Lao Li's Shen Yuan returned to Dangshan, lost his body and soul, and was in a panic. Suddenly, he found a hungry man on the side of the road, so he jumped into the chimney door and saved him by his body. The hungry man is still lame. Lao Li was busy at the water's edge, so he went to the Queen Mother of the West to complain. The queen mother said it was an act of god, so don't be upset. She gave him an iron bar and made him the leader of Donghua. From then on, he was called "Li Tieguai". Also known as "Tie Guai Li".

Tie Guai Li couldn't bear to go back to Dangshan and find another place to die in the south. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, a general named Zhong Liquan fled to Zhong Nanshan because of defeat and got lost. When I met the blue-eyed monk Hu, I pointed out, "Donghua is really here. Why not learn from the teacher? " Zhong Liquan realized that he had been searching in the mountains for many days, and finally he had to worship at the gate of Li Tie. After he got the word, he was called Zhengyangzi. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, Zhong had traveled to Chang 'an for a long time on the orders of his master, calling himself "the world scattered Han", so the people also called it "".

The man Han Zhong left is Lv Dongbin. Lu Yuan is a scholar, but he failed in both exams. When I met Zhong, I was drinking in Chang 'an Restaurant. Zhong tested him ten times with illness, death, wealth, wealth, sound and color. But he was unmoved, so he changed from an hour to a fairy named pure Yoko. However, Jun Yuezi is not as good at hiding as his teacher, and often wanders around the rivers and lakes to solve people's dangers. One day while wandering in Luoyang, I came across Han Xiangzi, the nephew of Han Yu, a great writer in the Tang Dynasty, who was framed because he couldn't pay for gambling. Seeing that this man had roots, Lu helped him out and followed him around Lingnan. When I came to Guangzhou, I met a 13-year-old girl who was selling baked wheat cakes with her father. Lu saw that the girl was immortal, so he pretended to be a beggar with Han Xiangzi and went to her stall every day to beg for cakes. In spite of her father's objection, the girl agreed without hesitation. Lv Dongbin saw an opportunity and put the fairy Yao in her mouth. After dinner, she suddenly realized that she had gone with Lu and Han. This little girl who practices piano with Han Xiangzi is the only female He Xiangu of the Eight Immortals.

When Lv Dongbin returned to the south with his disciples, the bodhi old zu Tieguai had traveled in the mountains and accepted a disciple, Lan Caihe. According to legend, Lan is from five generations. Ever since I was a child, I often begged in the downtown area in rags, with one foot in boots and one foot naked. When Li Tie went to the world, everyone thought he was a lame beggar. Only Lan Caihe was congenial to him, limping around, ganging up and begging, and gradually becoming immortal.

After a while, Zhong Liquan led his disciples out of the mountain to look for Tieguai bodhi old zu. At this time, the world has been replaced by five schools in the Song Dynasty. When they were ferrying on the Yellow River, they met Song Renzong's in-laws Cao Guojiu. This uncle is studying Taoism in the mountains. Zhong Liquan talked with him and praised him for knowing his occupation, so he introduced Kenban. Later, they found Li Tie and Lanzech in Tokyo. On holidays, Zhang, who traveled to Huashan with Lao Li, came riding a donkey and said that the birthday of the Queen Mother of the West was coming. So the Eight Immortals went to Yaochi to celebrate the birthday of the Queen Mother.

As early as the Neolithic Age, people regarded turtles as a treasure to protect themselves. During the Shang Dynasty, people carved divination on tortoise shells, thus leaving "ancient Oracle Bone Inscriptions". In the Han Dynasty, Jiuding was cast into a turtle shape, called the "turtle tripod", as a treasure of the town house to symbolize the position of the throne. In the Tang Dynasty, officials with five or more products wore "turtle bags", officials with three or more products wore gold, officials with four products wore silver and officials with five products wore copper. There are also many works about turtles in past dynasties. Wei Wudi and Cao Cao's "Although the Turtle is Longevity" is not only a model for China to express his ambition by borrowing turtles. Tortoise can fully absorb the aura of mountains and rivers. Since ancient times, people have regarded turtles as a symbol of longevity, which can bring auspicious atmosphere. People often use "the tortoise lives long" to describe longevity, and the tortoise has become the pioneer spirit. Putting jade turtles can nourish yin and yang, adjust indoor balance of yin and yang and natural magnetic field, and make up for luck and fortune. Using Yugui Town House can be safe, auspicious and rich.

The Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea: The Eight Immortals hold treasure ships, and there are waves under the sea. The Eight Immortals in ancient myths and legends are Li Tie, Han Zhongli, Zhang, He Xiangu, Yi Caihe, Han Xiangzi and Cao. Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties often recorded the stories of the Eight Immortals. The most popular stories are "Eight Immortals are disgusted with life" and "Eight Immortals crossing the sea". It is said that the Eight Immortals crossed the Oriental Sea on their way home from the birthday of the Queen Mother, each using his own magic weapon to protect himself and competing to cross the sea to show his magical power. Eight Immortals: Eight Immortals cross the sea to show their magical powers and celebrate their birthday. The Eight Immortals are Zhang, Han Xiangzi, He Xiangu, Cao Guojiu and Lan Caihe. Sometimes, the sacred tools held by the Eight Immortals mean Eight Immortals or Eight Treasures. Eight musical instruments are gourd, fan, fish drum, flower basket, yin and yang board, flute, lotus and sword.

Turtle: a safe turtle or a long-lived turtle. Together with cranes, it means that turtles and cranes share the same life. The horned turtle is a long-lived turtle. Dragon turtle: Long life and brilliant return. Li Yun said, "What are the Four Spirits? It's called Siling. " The thirteen classics of the Song Dynasty noted: "There are elephants in the sky ... forest, phoenix, dragon and turtle, which are collectively called the four spirits." "Tales of Different Things" contains: "A thousand years of turtle hair, five thousand years of living is called a god turtle, and ten thousand years of living is called a spirit turtle". "Bao Puzi on Immortals" contains: "It is said that life will die, and turtles and cranes will live long. Knowing the longevity of the turtle crane is effective in guiding it to increase the year. " "Luo Shu" said: "Linggui is the essence of the five-color god, and can see life and death better than good or bad." "HongFan. "The Five Elements" said: "The tortoise has spoken for a long time, and the chitose knows the good and evil of this beast." Huai Nanzi: "Good or bad luck must be asked to the turtle, because good or bad luck lasts for a long time."

The dragons, phoenixes and dragons in the Four Spirits are mythical virtual animals and do not exist. Only the tortoise is the only animal that is closely related to human beings and exists in nature, and it is also the longest-lived birthday girl among all animals. Therefore, the time to deify turtles is much earlier than that of Phoenix and Forest.

As early as the primitive society, the Huangdi clan was named after Xuanyuan. Xuanyuan is the voice of the sky Catfish, that is, turtles and soft-shelled turtles. "Song of Chu Hebo" Note: "Catfish, big turtle." Shuowen: "Catfish, turtle, self-sound." In ancient times, ancestors worshipped mountains and rivers, the sun and the moon, reproduction, ancestors, animals and plants, etc. Animals, in particular, even adopted an image of dragon, bird, snake, tiger, frog, fish and turtle as the totem emblem of this clan. Tianlu clan should be a clan with turtles as its totem. Because the ancients thought: "Turtles are gods, descending from heaven to deep", "knowing life and knowing death" and "being a treasure on earth". Turtles are worshipped as totems of gun families. But judging from its natural characteristics, the tortoise is small and ugly, lives in the water, and is very alienated from people's life, so it is difficult to connect with its divinity of knowing human feelings and knowing good and bad luck.

So, how is the tortoise deified and endowed with the above divinity? Historical records? Biography of Tortoise recorded such an ancient story. It is said that there was an old man in the ancient south. Because the atmosphere in the south is humid, he supports the foot of the bed with four turtles. More than 20 years later, the old man died, and later generations moved his bed and found that four turtles were still alive after more than 20 years of inactivity. So, I know that turtles can live long. Therefore, turtles are regarded as a symbol of longevity. Folk people often use "tortoise age and crane life" and "tortoise crane life" to compare people's life span. Ancient scholars believe that the ancients may be based on the fact that turtles are older and live longer, which leads to their long experience and many experiences, so they have the spirituality to predict the future. Later, he further turned the tortoise into a medium between man and god, thinking that the tortoise came from the sky. Historical Records of the Turtle? "The Biography of Ce Lie" records: "Yuan Wang said: The turtle, its god, descended to the university." Therefore, people think it has the spirituality to predict the future. It is believed that the turtle knows human feelings, good or bad, and can act as a medium between gods and people, thus becoming the god beast worshipped by ancestors in primitive religion in China.

There is a saying in Zhouyi that "a turtle has ten friends", so Er Ya explained: "One day is god, two days is spirit, three days are photos, four days are treasures, five days are Japanese characters, six days are embarrassment, seven days are mountains, eight days are ze, nine days are water and ten days are fire." Most of the turtles produced in the Three Gorges area are spirit turtles. Erya said: "The turtle is a kind of bent spirit." The ancients believed that turtles who bowed their heads in action were spiritual. Gui Ling is rare and expensive, so it is often used as a tribute. Another important function of Gui Ling is "its armour can be divined". Because the tortoise is a precious god in the world, it also has the divinity of the medium between gods and people, such as descending to heaven, and the Yin royal family uses tortoise shells for divination. Divination culture is an important part of China's mysterious culture. In the Shang Dynasty, a system was formed, with specialized diviners. In order to obtain spiritual tortoise shell divination tools, a very mysterious and grand ceremony was held, and almost everything was divination. Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins is actually Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Witchcraft prevailed in the ancient Three Gorges area, and tortoise shells naturally became the tools of wizards. Influenced by witchcraft culture since childhood, Qu Yuan often turned to divination when he was depressed and upset. He wrote in Li Sao: "If you want to take advantage of the gas field, you are hesitant and suspicious." Wu xian is going to rain at night, so he needs Chili. Buju is a vivid and concrete display of divination culture in the Three Gorges area in Chu Ci. Wang Yi thinks that this work was written by Qu Yuan, while Guo Moruo thinks that it may be the work of Chu people who understand Qu Yuan's life and thoughts. There is no conclusion. Buju is a narrative poem describing Qu Yuan's divination process: "After Qu Yuan was released, he could not meet again for three years. He exhausted his wisdom, devoted himself wholeheartedly, but closed himself up, so he was upset and didn't know what to do. I saw my servant Zheng Zhan and Yin Naiduan planning to brush turtles ... "

Qu Yuan expressed his loyalty and resentment passionately in questioning, but the final answer was: "Do whatever you want, you must know." It can be seen that Gui Ling, a special product of the Three Gorges in ancient times, has melted into the witch culture, giving this armored reptile cultural connotation.

Historical records? Biography of Tortoise: The King of Song and Yuan Dynasties was very happy to get a chinemys reevesii, and thanked God for giving it to him. Choose an auspicious day, the ministers will fast and the royal family will bathe and bow down to the sun. Then there are the problems of divination, such as sacrifice, war, diet, banquet, meteorology, agricultural harvest, hunting, travel, disaster, happiness, escaping slaves and so on. , was put forward. The wizard burned the turtle shell with a red-hot stick, which made it burst and crack. This is a sign to pray for, called "tortoise omen", to judge good or bad luck. After the tortoise shell divination, it is necessary to carve Oracle Bone Inscriptions on the tortoise shell. This is a large number of Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins.

In the history of our country, turtles have always been revered by people. Turtles have been closely linked with cities, emperors, officials, currencies, names of people, mountains and rivers, and have a glorious history. In the palaces, residences and tombs of ancient emperors, turtles made of stone or bronze symbolize long-term national luck.

Turtle used to be the name of this city in history. The story of "Osmanthus fragrans City" is recorded in Ji Shen. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, in the twenty-seventh year of Qin Gui, after Zhang Yi and Sima Cuo took Shu, they built a city in Chengdu, which was repeatedly built and destroyed. At this time, a chinemys reevesii emerged from the river and crawled southeast along the original vice city and died. Zhang Yi asked the wizard, who told him, "You can build a city according to the turtle line." Finally, Chengdu was built. Therefore, Chengdu is also called "Turtle City" or "Turtle City". This record regards turtles as gods.

Turtles are also closely related to wealth, official titles and money. "Zhou zha? There is a "turtle man" named after a turtle in "Spring Official", which belongs to the genus of six turtles. When there is a sacrifice, the turtle people will go to the turtle to show the solemnity of the sacrifice. In the Han Dynasty, Jiuding was cast in Yuangui, known as the "Turtle Ding", as the guardian of the country to show the position of the mercy seat. When the emperor moves the capital, he must first move the turtle tripod. At that time, the official seals of governors and prime ministers were all made of scarabs. In ancient summer, turtle shells were also used as money. In the Han Dynasty, silver, tin and platinum were also used to make "turtle coins". In the Tang Dynasty, the "turtle bag" was also used as an ornament for high and low titles. Third-level officials wear golden turtles, fourth-level officials wear silver turtles, and fifth-level officials wear copper turtles. A famous poet in Tang Dynasty met Li Bai on Chang 'an Avenue and invited him to a restaurant for dinner. Because he didn't have any money with him, he took off his rich husband to exchange wine for food and got drunk with Li Bai. "It's fun to drink because of solving the beetle" has become a much-told story in the literary world.

Turtles are also used in astronomy. The ancients divided heaven into four main palaces, which were named after an animal, namely, the black dragon in the East Palace, Suzaku in the South Palace, the white tiger in the West Palace and Xuanwu in Gong Bei. Xuanwu is the laudatory name of soft-shelled turtle. Xuan is black on the turtle's back; Wu describes the hard armor of soft-shelled turtle, which can resist foreign aggression. Later, Taoism changed "Gong Bei Xuan Wu" to "Northern Emperor Xuanwu". The Beidi Temple in various places is actually a "turtle temple". A big stone turtle floats in the pool in front of Beidi Temple (ancestral temple) in Foshan, Guangdong.

The ancients worshipped turtles, not only did not shy away from them, but also liked to use the word "turtle" to name them, symbolizing longevity. For example, in Zuo Zhuan, Guo Song has a tortoise. There were Chen Gui and Zhu Gui in Han Dynasty. The Three Kingdoms Cao Wei has Liu Gui; During the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Yuan and Wei Dynasties, there were turtles lying in the air. There were more people named after turtles in the Tang Dynasty, the most famous being musician Li Guinian and writer Lu Guimeng. The most interesting thing is pushing Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he lived in seclusion in Shaoxing in his later years, he made a crown with a turtle shell more than two inches high, calling himself "turtle shell". He said in the poem "Returning at dusk near the village": "I only love three liters of rice, and the turtle shell is two inches new." Lu You also lived by the three meanings of "returning to life", "returning to immortality" and "returning to life", and "learning from the nose and tongue" refers to this matter.

In addition, turtles are also associated with mountains, rivers and historical sites. From the forest of steles in Xi 'an to places of interest all over the country, there are many famous steles, all of which are mounted on the backs of stone carving turtles. This is the origin of the so-called "turtle's foot bears the dome stone, and the floating language is extremely extravagant". As for the mountain names named after turtles, such as turtle mountain, turtle mountain and turtle valley, etc. It is produced in Sichuan, Shandong, Anhui and Hubei provinces.