Bai song l Li Yu's classical Chinese

1. Bai Song Li Yu translated the original text.

"Pine and cypress" is beautiful and ancient. All flowers and bamboos are precious to young people, while pine, cypress and plum are precious to old people and cheap to young people. People who want to benefit from the three old people must buy an old house and live in it. If things are planted, we can make plans for our children and grandchildren, but we cannot watch them succeed. Those who want to move and be with me, even if they are great, are more important, not three old people. Later generations commented on the play and said, "If you want to be a painter, you must be old. Three or five teenagers are all embarrassed. " Ask the reason after life. Yu Yue said: "People who don't draw landscapes are always in the shape of crutches, even sitting and watching mountains and water are also in the shape of old people. There are never handsome boys in the toilet. There are also teenagers who don't lift the piano and hold the painting, that is, those who hold the bottle in the box are slaves in the painting. " The younger generation wants to refute Popo, but the pawn is groundless. Quoting this sentence to Yu Songbai is harmonious. Like a garden pavilion, the owner is always a weak flower, and there are no more than a dozen mature trees to dominate it. I spend time with children and girls all day, so I can't make friends. Celebrities draw pictures, okay? Well, if you stick to this point, you will never be related to age, but this year you have entered the painting and are still sitting among your children. Almost traded flowers and trees for me, and I was a pine and cypress?

Translation:

For pine and cypress, people praise its aging. All flowers and bamboos are the most precious when they are young. Only pine, cypress and plum are precious, the old are precious and the few are inferior. If you want to enjoy the benefits of these three old trees, you must buy an old house to live in. If you plant it yourself, you can plan for your offspring, but it is impossible to see how old they are. Find something that can be transplanted into your own yard. Even if the tree is big, it is only five or three years old.

I once joked with young people: "Only the elderly can become the people in the painting, and the teenagers at the age of fifteen or sixteen are all lowly people." The young man asked why, and I said, "You didn't see the landscape painter. When they draw people, they either sit on crutches or look at the scenery, and they all look like old people. I've never seen a handsome guy in it. There are also teenagers, or holding books and pianos, or holding boxes and cups, all of whom are servants in the painting. " The young man tried to refute my words, but in the end there was no basis. It can be said that it is appropriate to compare pine and cypress. If there are only a few delicate flowers and plants in a garden without dozens of mature trees to dominate, it is like getting along with younger children all day, but not communicating with teachers and friends. Celebrity painting, will it be like this?

Alas! I have held this view all my life, and I have never been able to be an old man's companion. Today, I am old enough to be a painter, and I still sit among the younger generation all day. If I use the metaphor of flowers and trees like this, won't I become a member of the pine and cypress?

2. Bai Song and Li Yu translated the original of Cangsong Cooper, which is very beautiful and ancient.

All flowers and bamboos are precious to young people, while pine, cypress and plum are precious to old people and cheap to young people. People who want to benefit from the three old people must buy an old house and live in it.

If things are planted, we can make plans for our children and grandchildren, but we cannot watch them succeed. Those who want to move and be with me, even if they are great, are more important, not three old people.

Later generations commented on the play and said, "If you want to be a painter, you must be old. Three or five teenagers are all embarrassed. "

Ask the reason after life. Yu Yue said: "People who don't draw landscapes are always in the shape of crutches, even sitting and watching mountains and water are also in the shape of old people.

There are never handsome boys in the toilet. There are teenagers, those who don't lift the piano, those who hold the painting, that is, those who hold the bottle in the box, are slaves in the painting. "

The younger generation wants to refute Popo, but the pawn is groundless. Quoting this sentence to Yu Songbai is harmonious.

Like a garden pavilion, the owner is always a weak flower, and there are no more than a dozen mature trees to dominate it. I spend time with children and girls all day, so I can't make friends. Celebrities draw pictures, okay? Well, if you stick to this point, you will never be related to age, but this year you have entered the painting and are still sitting among your children.

Almost traded flowers and trees for me, and I was a pine and cypress? For pine and cypress, people praise its aging. All flowers and bamboos are the most precious when they are young. Only pine, cypress and plum are precious, the old are precious and the few are inferior.

If you want to enjoy the benefits of these three old trees, you must buy an old house to live in. If you plant it yourself, you can plan for your offspring, but it is impossible to see how old they are. Find something that can be transplanted into your own yard. Even if the tree is big, it is only five or three years old.

I once joked with young people: "Only the elderly can become the people in the painting, and the teenagers at the age of fifteen or sixteen are all lowly people." The young man asked why, and I said, "You didn't see the landscape painter. When they draw people, they either sit on crutches or look at the scenery, and they all look like old people.

I've never seen a handsome guy in it. There are teenagers, either holding books and pianos, or holding boxes and cups, all of whom are servants in the painting. "

The young man tried to refute my words, but in the end there was no basis. It can be said that it is appropriate to compare pine and cypress.

If there are only a few delicate flowers and plants in a garden without dozens of mature trees to dominate, it is like getting along with younger children all day, but not communicating with teachers and friends. Celebrity painting, will it be like this? Alas! I have held this view all my life, and I have never been able to be an old man's companion. Today, I am old enough to be a painter, and I still sit among the younger generation all day.

If I use the metaphor of flowers and trees like this, won't I become a member of the pine and cypress? .

3. The classical Chinese translation of Bajiaoyu's Bajiaoyu comes from his representative work, Leisure with Species Department.

original text

There is a room in the secluded village, so bananas should be planted. Bananas can charm people and avoid customs, and work together with bamboo. Wang Ziyou's preference for this gentleman may be a loophole. Bananas are good, ten times better than bamboo, and can shade in January and February. Those who sit under it, both men and women participate in drawing, which can make the window of Harmonious Xuan blue, and the name of "blue sky" is true. Bamboo can be carved into poems and bananas can be written into words, all of which are simple notes of literati. It's a book on bamboo and can't be carved; Banana leaves can change with the book, and the topic can change every day. Sometimes you don't bother to wash it yourself, and Teacher Yu will clean it for you. You will be given a name note on this day, which is not suitable for Huai Su alone. There is a saying to the banana with doubt: "The question of flowers is selfless everywhere, and it costs more to write in spring." My only happiness is that bananas make me frugal. I'm waiting for a poem by Shu. "This banana record also.

translate

As long as there is some open space around the house, you should plant plantains. Bananas can make people interesting and unconventional, just like bamboo. Wang Ziyou prefers bamboo, but he misses plantains. Bananas are easier to survive than bamboo, the survival rate is about ten times that of bamboo, and they can grow in shade for a month or two. People sitting under banana trees, both men and women, can draw pictures and make pavilions green. The title of "blue sky" is really not casually called. Poetry can be carved on bamboo, and words can be written on banana leaves, all of which are paper carried by literati. Bamboo can only be carved once, and can't be cut and carved again. But you can write it on the banana leaf at any time, change it at any time, and write several topics repeatedly every day. Sometimes you don't have to wash it yourself. God will do it for you with rain. It's called a gift list, so Huai Su shouldn't be alone. I have a quatrain about plantain: "The topic of flowers is selfless everywhere. I spent a lot of money on spring." My only happiness is that bananas make me frugal. I'm waiting for a poem by Shu. "This is a true portrayal of bananas.

4. Zhu Li Yu's Reading Answer Li Yu in Classical Chinese "Ju"

Translation:

Chrysanthemum is peony and peony in autumn. The variety is the same, the color is complete, the flowering period is lasting, and the chrysanthemum surpasses peony and peony. From ancient times to the present, books on planting are very brief for other flowers, but very detailed for peony, peony and chrysanthemum. People say that these three kinds of flowers can be equal, but I think they are completely different. The difference is that the first two are made naturally and the last one is made artificially. Why do you say that? The beauty of peony and peony depends on nature, not on human creation. Plant these two kinds of flowers, but fertilize them in winter and water them in summer, and that's it. There's no need to work hard anymore. When it blooms, the color is brilliant, and its beauty and color will never be weakened because people put less energy into it. The beauty of chrysanthemums depends more on labor than on nature. Chrysanthemum growers must undertake seed selection and gravel treatment before planting in soil. When chrysanthemums are planted in the soil, there are still some things to do, that is, inserting marks and making records. Flowers have consumed considerable manpower before they germinate and break ground. But the real hard work began after the seedlings were planted separately, such as drought prevention, waterlogging prevention, head picking, leaf pinching, nuclear removal, grafting, insect catching, earthworm digging and pest control. These are all done before the flowers bloom and people are tired. I hope God will make bloom happy. Before the flowers have bones, always remember to be rain-proof and freeze-proof, tie the branches and cores to shape the flowers, and don't bother to water the flowers day and night, and painstakingly paint them one after another. All this hard work is to make up for the shortage of nature with manpower. For chrysanthemums, flower farmers have no time to rest from spring to autumn, from morning till night. Only in this way can chrysanthemums grow plump, gorgeous and beautiful, otherwise, they will look like wild chrysanthemums, just to decorate the fence. In this way, the beauty of chrysanthemums is not created by nature, but by people. Since it is human power, it is attributed to nature. Isn't it right and wrong to equate chrysanthemum with peony and peony, two flowers that don't require painstaking efforts? I know that the flower god must be in charge of bloom's flower withering, secretly judging and deciding which flowers are good and which are bad. Chrysanthemum has been praised by all elegant people since it came out, but I did the opposite. It's not that I am against Tao Yuanming. Chrysanthemum growers have worked hard for a year to create chrysanthemums. If they don't praise their ingenious ideas, they just know flowers very well, but they don't know their creators. Can they feel at ease when they forget the source of drinking water and leave the people who fetch water aside? That's what people who used to write chrysanthemum poems did. I put forward this idea to repay chrysanthemum out of my deep love for chrysanthemum, not to belittle it. I have carefully observed the old gardeners who plant chrysanthemums tirelessly, and I am deeply impressed by those scholars who cultivate their self-cultivation and study. If they can be as diligent as gardeners who plant chrysanthemums, and strive to be carefree and hone their body and mind, how can they not become sages? If you study poetry and seek fame with the perseverance and patience of a gardener, will you still worry about being a high official? It's just that literati love learning and fame, but after all, there is no old gardener who loves chrysanthemums deeply. What can we do?

5. Li Yu's classical Chinese translation of Lan Li Yu's Fu The original Fu Fu (Li Yu) is slightly different from that of herbal flowers, but it has roots and no trees, and its nature is the same.

As the saying goes, "those born in water are called grass hibiscus, and those born on land are called lotus." It is said that non-herbs are not allowed.

For people who live on this in summer, it is said that it has no effect on Uncle Mao and its predecessors. It is a pleasant thing to be a lotus flower. Please get ready. The group has only been open for a few days in the season, and it has always been an autumn.

Lotus is not like this: since the day the money came out, it has been decorated with green waves; When its stems and leaves are born, they will grow taller and brighter. There is wind, but there is no wind. Because I enjoyed endless happiness before bloom.

From the beginning to the end of the flower, the charm is about to drip, and then one after another, since summer and autumn, this is a flower thing, and people deserve it. If you thank the flower, you can also sue the owner; It is the canopy under the pedicel, strong in the canopy, graceful and independent, still like an unopened flower, hugging the green leaves, so that it won't do anything for the Millennium.

All this is said to be very eye-catching. You can smell it, and it has the fragrance of lotus leaves, which is different from lotus flowers; Summer retreat, refreshing life.

To its pleasant mouth, lotus root and lotus root are side by side and fragrant. Only the leaves are broken in the frost, which is embarrassing and seems to be abandoned; It was taken off and hidden, and used to wrap things for years.

It's a lotus, and no one's eyes and ears are uncomfortable for a moment, and there's nothing that is not ready for daily use. The benefits of planting are more obscure than that of grains. What are the benefits of having long and short crops? Of the four, this life is the most important.

Nothing is unexpectedly cool than a good life, and half an acre of square pond can't be used as a place to settle down. Just dug a big pond, planted a few stems to plug the responsibility, sometimes the disease leaked, looking to heaven for water to save, those so-called poor health care, careless life are all here.

Note 1. Lotus money: a new lotus leaf. 2. Puzzle: fun.

3. Wait, arrive and then. 4. Use: Look, there is ornamental significance here.

5. number: no.6. Puzzle: Fun 7. Qi: Then wait until eight o'clock. Hanan: The unopened Lotus 9. Shaw: Xiangyi 10. Charming: light and soft 165438+. Lotus seems to be slightly different from herbaceous flowers, but its trunk is woody and it is an annual. These properties are the same as those of herbs. The flower spectrum book says,' those that grow in water are called grass hibiscus, and those that grow on land are called water lilies.

Then it can't be said that lotus is not a herb. I love hibiscus flowers, and I can live on them in summer. I don't want to imitate Zhou Dunyi and repeat what my predecessors have said, but because hibiscus flowers are suitable for people's minds, and its advantages cannot be exhausted in one or two points. Allow me to talk about its advantages one by one.

In the best viewing season of flowers, only those blooming days are ignored before and after that. Lotus is not like this: from the day when the lotus leaves emerge from the water, the water waves are decorated with green; When its stems and leaves grow out, it grows taller and more beautiful every day.

When there is wind, it makes a fluttering expression, and when there is no wind, it also presents a light and feminine charm. In this way, when the flower is not in full bloom, we will enjoy its endless interest first.

When the bud blooms, its posture is so delicate that it almost drops of water. Flowers bloom one after another, from summer to autumn, which is its nature for flowers and should be appreciated. When the flowers fade, you can also tell the master that there is nothing wrong with you; Then a lotus flower was born under the flower base, and fruit was born in the lotus flower, and each branch was independent. It is like an unopened flower. With the green leaves standing upright (on the water), its good skills will not stop until the White Dew Festival is frosted.

These are all the aspects that it is suitable for viewing. Suitable for nose (place), and then there is the fragrance of lotus leaf and the unique aroma of lotus; In summer (with it), the heat in summer will be reduced because of it; Enjoy the cool, the cold is caused by it.

As for its delicious place, lotus seeds and lotus roots can be put on a plate and put on the table together, which makes people smell fragrant. Only the dead leaves beaten by frost are ugly, as if they had become abandoned waste; But take it down and store it, and it can be used to wrap things next year.

From this point of view, there is nothing that is not suitable for people's ears and eyes to see for a while, and there is nothing that is not suitable for daily use. (it) has the essence of five grains without taking the name of five grains, and gathers the strengths of many flowers and removes their shortcomings.

Is the benefit of planting greater than it? Among the four kinds of flowers and plants that I regard as life, lotus is the most precious. Unfortunately, I have loved it all my life, but I can't take out half an acre of square pond as the place where it lives.

I just dug a small pool with a big bucket, planted several plants to comfort myself, and often worried about the leakage of the pool, praying for rain to save it. This is probably the saying that I am not good at cultivating creatures and regard their life as weeds. Note: ① Fu was written by Li Yu, a famous writer in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. His "My Leisure" is a summary of what he saw and heard in his life.

"I have four lives, and every minute has a moment: daffodil orchids in spring, lotus flowers in summer, Haitang in autumn and wintersweet. Without these four flowers, there would be no life. "

The following "Of the four lives, this life is the most important" is also this. ② Uncle Mao: Zhou Dunyi, a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named Uncle Mao. He wrote Ailian Theory.

③ Lotus (hàn dàn): another name for lotus. ④ Illness and leakage: the leakage of pool water is bitter.

Li Yu (1611~1680), whose original name was Chen Fan and Tian Tu, was renamed Li Yu in middle age, Li Hong and Li Weng, a famous playwright and drama theorist in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Rugao, Jiangsu, Lanxi, Zhejiang.

When Li Yu was born, his ancestors had been starting a business in Rugao for a long time. At this time, he was "rich in family wealth and a garden", so he enjoyed a rich life from birth. Later, due to the failure of the imperial examination.

6. Translate the original text of Rose and Li Yu's ancient prose

Flowers are good for people, all for me, lotus also; Flowers are good for people. I am an admirer, and so is roses. The theory of the Khodory people can be found in this biography. The benefits of roses are the same as lotus flowers, but they are amiable and can be drowned. I can't bear to leave for a while and then pass them by. Flowers can only entertain the eyes, so the mouth, eyes, nose, tongue and even body hair are served. Edible, audible and wearable, it is loyalty to one's body and flattery to one's son. Flowers can do things, that's all.

translate

Lotus in flowers is beneficial to people, and its benefits can be used by me. Flowers are good for people, and I can't live without them. They only serve roses. Lotus is good for people, which has been said before this book. The benefits of roses, like lotus flowers, make people feel amiable and lovely, and they can't bear to be separated from it for a short time, which is even worse than lotus flowers. Flowers can only please people's eyes, while roses make people's mouth, eyes, nose, tongue and even body hair all within their service scope. You can smoke incense, eat it, smell it, see it, insert it and wear it. You are a loyal minister, and you can also use its charming skills. The skills of flowers are concentrated on this.

7. Introduction to the quality of pine and cypress in classical Chinese Gu Yue was the same year as Jane's prose, but it was early white. A short article said, "Why did Qing become white first?" Yes: "Liu Pu's posture overlooks autumn; The quality of pine and cypress is still lush after frost. " -"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Ci"

Gu Yue is the father of Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Kaizhi's figure paintings are wonderful throughout the ages, and his essays are equally impressive. He once wrote Fu Zheng, and said to his friends with deep feelings, "My fu is better than Ji Kang's Fu Qin. Those who don't know how to appreciate will leave a legacy in the future, and those who have deep knowledge should also look up to it. " Gu Kaizhi is very conceited about his paintings and calligraphy, and of course he has conceited capital. There are three things in the world-talent, painting and infatuation. Gu Kaizhi's original intention may be to increase "literary talent". Although Gu Yue is not as talented as his son, he is by no means a vulgar idle person. Because Gu Kaizhi has been immersed in art for a long time, he is often teased by his peers, and sometimes it is ridiculous and lovely; Gu Yue, on the other hand, meets the needs of both sides in communication occasions, and should pay attention to everything-father and son have their own strong points. Another protagonist of this article, Sima Yu (Yu) died after serving in the State of Jin for two years (AD 37 1-372).

Look at the dialogue between Gu Yue and Jian Wendi.

The Jin Dynasty happened to be the same age as Gu Yue, and the history books said that he was personable and good at grooming and maintenance. On the one hand, Gu Yue experienced a lot of ups and downs in his official career, but on the other hand, he didn't carve himself, so in middle age, Jian Wendi still had no hair, while Gu Yue had white hair. The emperor, who had been pampered in the deep palace, was puzzled and asked Gu Yue, "Why did you become white first?" In today's vernacular, it is: since you were born in the same year as me, how can your hair be whiter than mine? If Gu Yue's silly son Kaizhi answers, he must tell the emperor in detail that his work is harder than your majesty's, his life is not as leisurely as your majesty's, and the dining table is not as rich as your majesty's, so his hair turns white earlier than your majesty's, and so on, and some filthy saints will be angry.

Cunning Gu Yue's answer is really clever: "The posture of willow leaves falling in autumn; The quality of pine and cypress is still lush after frost. " It is novel, vivid and appropriate to use willow trees (Populus davidiana) withered in autumn as a metaphor for their physical weakness, and pine and cypress trees evergreen all the year round as a metaphor for the emperor's dragon body. This charming white horse is ingenious.

Casual language is so elegant and beautiful, the confrontation is so orderly, and the tone is so sonorous and melodious. It can be seen that Gu Yue's speech with quick thinking and clear articulation not only made Jian Wendi hear "the good days are over" on the spot, but anyone who listened would be sincerely impressed.

8. What is the reference translation of Li Yu's "Li Weng Bie Ji"?

Lu Chengqing, Yuzi, is from Zhuoxian County, Youzhou. His father's name is Akamatsu. He was a magistrate of Hedong County in Sui Dynasty and a good friend of Tang Gaozu Tang gaozu. When Lu heard that Gaozu wanted to fight against the Sui Dynasty, he met him in Huoyi, where he became an official of the Ministry of War. Lu Chengqing is handsome, generous, knowledgeable and talented. He inherited his father's title from an early age. In the early years of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan, when Lu Chengqing was appointed as Qinzhou to join the army, he once entered the DPRK to report the military situation. Because of his outstanding eloquence, Emperor Taizong was promoted to foreign minister in the examination and assistant minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs for many times. Emperor Taizong asked about the household registration in previous dynasties. Lu Chengqing gave a complete account of the ups and downs of dynasties from Xia Shang to Zhou Sui, in which the changes were tortuous, but he quoted the classics and knew them in detail, and Emperor Taizong could not help but sigh and admire them. Soon, he served as an assistant minister of the Ministry of War, in charge of the selection of five officials. Lu Chengqing resigned and said, "Choosing officials is a matter for ministers. If I am in charge, it is beyond my post authority. " Taizong did not allow him to refuse, saying, "I (I) believe you. What can't you believe in yourself? " He also worked in Yongzhou and Shangshu Zuocheng. During Yonghui's reign, he was demoted to Jianzhou Sima because of his conviction, and was promoted to Ci Shihong a year later. Emperor Gaozong wants to visit Rutangquan and worship Lu Chengqing as the secretariat of Ruzhou. In the fourth year of Xianqing (year number), Du Shi was a third-class official. Be expelled for violating the rules. Soon, he was worshipped as the secretariat of Runzhou and resigned as Dr. Jin Guanglu. Lu Chengqing warned his son before he died: "Life and death are the common sense of life, just like dusk in the morning. After I die, I will wear ordinary clothes. There is no need to kill animals to pay homage on the fifteenth day of the first month, and there is no need to predict auspicious days for burial. I just need to bury them with pottery. The coffin is made of wood, and the grave is high enough to be recognized. As long as the official position and date of birth and death are written on the epitaph, there is no need for those vain words. " After Lu Chengqing's death, the government added the governor of Youzhou and named him "Ding". At the beginning, Lu Chengqing was responsible for the selection and examination of school 100 officials. An official in charge of water transport lost rice and grain due to strong winds. Lu Chengqing was determined as: "The governor lost grain in water transportation and was rated as middle and lower." The man was expressionless and retreated without an excuse. Lu Chengqing appreciated this man's generosity and changed his annotation to: "Natural disasters can't be avoided by personal forces, and were rated as intermediate." This person still has no happy expression and no words of shame. Lu Chengqing praised him very much and changed the note to: "Don't be surprised by yourself, it is rated as above average." Lu Chengqing can recommend the advantages of others, mostly like this. ?

Li Yu said: "The reason why Yu Chengqing changed the evaluation several times was out of pity for talents. However, although his mind is commendable, considering that future generations will be willful, his behavior cannot be imitated. Anyone who changes' subordinates' to' intermediate' or' intermediate' to' superior' because of taking bribes will say' I want to be Lu Chengqing'. This is the door to changing the case to self-interest, which is the root cause of private fraud. Needless to say, you can't do things that follow private practices. Even if you set up a career that is beneficial to the public, you can't do it outside the prescribed legal system. "

9. Translate China's ancient poem Gui (Qing Dynasty) Li Yu advocates leisure and practices the Confucian way of "seclusion and independence".

Then demonstrate that "prosperity will decline, which is the principle of surplus and deficiency", and then you mentioned the sentence "where there is wealth ... it's autumn." Osmanthus fragrans is fleeting, which is regrettable and regrettable, and so is Magnolia in spring.

With the previous background introduction, the explanation of this sentence is easy to understand. Li Yu believes that people who are rich and prosperous are like magnolia in spring and osmanthus in autumn. They look like flowers, but they can't last long, but they only bloom for a while.

The word "zhi" here is an attributive postposition. In order to emphasize the attribute, the attribute is often placed after the head language.

For example, a horse travels a thousand miles. (Han Yu's Ma Shuo) Translation: Horses that travel thousands of miles a day sometimes eat one stone of grain at a time.

"Wei" here means "Yu", which can be interpreted as: being and being. Exodus: In order to come, I ask you to tie a person away.