Ministry of Industry Jiangda County Social Undertakings

In Gongbu Jiangda County, there are two kinds of fried dumpling dances, namely "po" and "fried dumpling". "Slope" is also called "slope" in the Ministry of Industry. When singing, she held hands in a circle, which echoed each other and was divided into two sections: Adagio and Allegro. Dance movements include the "arrow step" that simulates a bow and the "jumping step" that birds spread their wings. "Fruit harmony" refers to people dancing around wine jars or bonfires, and men and women stand and sing in circles from left to right; Then "Harmony Book" (the organizer) took the lead in dancing "Harmony" (the title of the song), and then entered the fast collective song and dance, and jumped up again with clear rhythm. There is a "Qiang Mu" dance circulating in Cuogao Village, China (a kind of "Qiang Mu" dance, "Geng" means the messenger or servant of God, and "Qiang Mu" means jumping), which is usually performed once every three years on the fifteenth day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar; Qiang wood can be divided into Zabu and Xiwa. "Zabu" is cheerful and enthusiastic, "Xiwa" is steady and bold, and the two are interspersed in the performance; The performance is divided into three parts. The first paragraph is the appearance of the king and servants, the second paragraph is divided into nine paragraphs, and the third paragraph is the appearance of all the audience, singing, dancing and drinking with the actors.

Chinese opera

/kloc-before 0/959, the Tibetan operas staged in China were mainly square operas, with no accompaniment, only a drum and a cymbal and vocal accompaniment. Later, singing, script, dance and facial makeup were gradually reformed and developed. Among them, Juemulong School has many innovations, lively and cheerful performances, colorful songs and dances and unique styles. It has the greatest influence and the widest spread among all schools, and it is also the most common and popular Tibetan opera school in Gongbu Jiangda County.

folk song

The folk songs in the Ministry of Industry are mainly love songs, wine songs and labor songs. Love songs include love, doubt, not changing one's mind, fish and water, missing and so on. Wine songs are different for different objects, such as "good luck but not good luck" and "mother". Labor songs include Building a House Song, The Sun on the Ground, Dongfanghong, Happy, Dove on a Cold Night, etc. Other types of folk songs include Four Mountains, Baoshan and Wine.

folklore

The myths and legends circulating in Jiangda County of the Ministry of Industry mainly include the stories of King Gelsall and Tashi Zhuo Ma, and the three wonders and legends of peach blossom, Hada sinking to the bottom and Zodiac tree in the center of the lake island. Folk poems mainly reflect the life and spiritual outlook of working people in the new period, such as "production during the day, meeting at night", "singing the general line" and "Chairman Mao's thought always shines on our hearts". prescribe a diet

The staple foods of farmers and herdsmen in Gongbu Jiangda County are mainly noodles and rice cakes, and they drink butter tea in the morning. Dairy products include cheese, yogurt, milk residue and so on. Dry beef and mutton in winter165438+1at the end of October. On holidays, it is made of high-quality ghee, fresh refined milk residue and brown sugar. Famous foods include barbecued Tibetan pigs, beef soup buns, Tricholoma matsutake Chili sauce, "Pangong" (covering meat), "Qu Rui" (cooking beef and mutton with shredded cheese, rice cakes and seasonings), "Passama Ku" (mixed lumps of milk residue, ghee and brown sugar), wheat scones, buckwheat cakes and Tibetan meals.

Dress

Except for the herdsmen in Niangpu, Jiaxing, Jinda and other places in the county who wear cloth and Tibetan costumes, traditional festivals are varied. Men wear hats, earrings, gold rings and gold-plated bracelets made of fox fur or felt, while women wear "Sanglin Natsume", gold and silver earrings, collars and Gawu (Buddha box) made of brown or colored satin, and wear silver belts, silver chains and silver bells, which rattle when they walk. Tibetan costumes mainly include "Guxiu", "Quba" (Tibetan robe) and "Sasha" (sheep robe). "Ancient drama" was originally the clothing of serf owners and mistresses. After the democratic reform, they entered the homes of ordinary people, divided into men and women, without collars and sleeves. "Sasha" is a winter costume. There are two kinds of men's Tibetan shoes, "Nazu" and "Dasong", with fine workmanship.

house

Before the democratic reform in Tibet, serfs lived in stone houses, where people and animals lived together. After the democratic reform, farmers and herdsmen lived in Tibetan blockhouses made of stone, mostly with two floors. There are people living on the upper floor, including living room, bedroom, chapel and bathroom, and livestock are closed on the lower floor. In the west of Jiangda, herders used to live in yak tents, but moved into herdsmen's settlements in the 1990s with flat roofs. Jiangda Township and its east area have more rain and herringbone roofs.

well-behaved

Tibetans in Gongbu Jiangda County have the habit of offering Hada on various festivals, as well as occasions such as visiting their elders, seeing Buddha statues, exchanging news and leaving. Generally, kowtows are directed at Buddha statues, pagodas and living buddhas, which are divided into long kowtows, short kowtows and kowtows. Drinking tea is a daily etiquette. After the guests enter the room and sit down, they need to wait for the host to hold the butter tea in front of them before they can take it away. When you visit someone's house on holidays, the host holds wine in his hands and hands it to the guests. The guest flicked his finger three times to show his respect for the sky, the ground and himself. The guest takes a sip, the host adds it three times in a row, and then drinks the last breath, that is, "three drinks and one cup". Most farmers and herdsmen in Gongbu Jiangda County celebrate the Tibetan New Year, which is a traditional festival that lasts from1February 29th to the first month15th. Spring sowing festival (sowing festival, trial planting festival) is held on the auspicious day of the first month. Young men and women dressed in costumes pull cattle, plow fields, fertilize and sow seeds, praying for the land god to bless the harvest of crops. After that, the villagers drank, sang and danced. Sakyadawa Festival (Sakyamuni Festival) on April 15 in Tibetan calendar is the anniversary of Sakyamuni's birth, enlightenment and death. People release fish, cattle, sheep, horses and other animals on this day for good luck and longevity. Kalin Festival is from May 1 to 15 in Tibetan calendar. People dressed up to go to Karin for fun and picnics.

Ministry of Industry New Year (Ministry of Industry Festival), Chao Cuo Lake Festival and Quguo Festival are unique festivals in Jiangda County of Ministry of Industry.

The four villages of Langse, Xuba, Galang and Dingdang in Bahe Town celebrate the New Year. Legend has it that Hall invaded southeast Tibet more than 700 years ago, and Gongbu Wang led Gongbu troops to the war in September. In order to let the soldiers go out after the New Year, the New Year is advanced to the first day of 10. Since then, the Ministry of Industry has formed the custom of celebrating the New Year on the first day of October in the Tibetan calendar. Compared with the Tibetan New Year in other regions, the Ministry of Industry has obvious forest characteristics, such as "exorcising ghosts", inviting dogs to eat, eating "Jieda", carrying water and offering sacrifices to the goddess of harvest.

On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar, monks and nuns chanted, prayed and simmered mulberry on the dam. On April 15, believers from all over the world gathered here to erect new scriptures, hold Buddhist activities and circle the lake clockwise. People hang "wind horses" and small prayer flags on branches, dance the traditional dance "Geng" and hold folk dance competitions in various villages.

Every year, during the autumn harvest season on June 4th in the Tibetan calendar, the Quguo Festival is held in Ding Jie Village, Gongbu Jiangda Town. The villagers held a "Quguo" ceremony (chanting scriptures and turning over fields), and then respected people walked along the "holy land" with nine palaces and eight diagrams, followed by young men holding prayer flags and portraits of the earth gods, beating drums and blowing trumpets, and young women sang "Ah-Ah" songs to wish a bumper harvest. Then go to Gaduogang Temple and walk around the temple for three times. The abbot presented Hada to the players. The team sang and danced around the prayer flags, praying for good weather and good luck, then sent the scriptures to the temple, then had a picnic and jumped into the pot field. Gongbujiangda county belongs to the Wei-Zang dialect area of Tibetan. The county dialect has four tones (Gao Pingtiao, high pitch, low pitch and low pitch), 30 consonants and 4 vowels. The basic structure of a sentence is "subject-object predicate", personal pronouns are singular and plural, honorifics are rarely used, there are many Chinese loanwords, and there are some English and Hindi loanwords.

Jiangda County, Ministry of Industry, is located in high mountains and valleys, and its environment is relatively closed. There are many dialects in China, including Apei dialect, Niangpu dialect, Jura dialect, Bahe dialect and Cuogao dialect. Among them, Ngapoi dialect is mainly distributed in Zhongsha Township, Jiangda Township and Jiangda Town of Ministry of Industry. Niangpu dialect is mainly distributed in Niangpu, Jiaxing, Jinda and other places, and most of them communicate in Tibetan northern language. Jura and Bahe dialects are mainly distributed in Jura Township and Bahe Town, and all residents around Jura River use Jura dialect. Cuogao dialect is a unique dialect in Weizang dialect, which is only used by local people in Cuogao township and some residents in Bahe township, and is rarely understood by people in other parts of the county.