How are eggplant flowers formed?

The source is Datura stramonium of Solanaceae or dried flowers of Datura stramonium.

Plant Morphology ① Datura stramonium, also known as: Solanum melongena, Solanum melongena (Outline), Belladonna grandiflora (essential medicinal material), Belladonna, Datura stramonium (Guangxi Tongzhi), Ricinus communis, Belladonna pigment, Poirot, Rat Worry, Datura stramonium, and Litchi jinpan.

Herbs annual, almost glabrous. The stem is upright, cylindrical, 25 ~ 60 cm high, woody at the base and forked at the upper part. Leaves alternate, and the upper leaves are nearly opposite. The petiole is 2 ~ 6 cm long and the surface is sparse and short; Leaf blade is ovate, oblong or heart-shaped, 8 ~14cm long and 6 ~ 9cm wide, the apex is acuminate or acute, the base is asymmetrical, round or nearly wide wedge-shaped, the whole leaf is triangular or short-toothed, and both sides are hairless or sparsely short-haired; Vein bulge on the back.

Flowers solitary in leaf axils or between upper branches; Pedicel short, erect or oblique, white pubescent; Calyx tubular, 4 ~ 6 cm long, yellow-green, 5-lobed at the apex, triangular lobes, and acute at the apex. After flowering, the calyx tube splits and falls off near the base, and the remaining calyx tube remains at the base. When the fruit grows, it grows into a disc, and the edge does not turn back. Corolla funnel-shaped, long 12 ~ 16 cm, 5 ~ 7 cm in diameter at the top, white with 5 edges, 5 lobes, triangle and long at the top; Stamens 5, not protruding from corolla tube, anthers linear, flat, inserted at base; Pistil 1, ovary spherical, sparsely spiny, 2-loculed, ovules numerous, style filiform, stigma peltate.

The capsule is spherical with sparse thorns on the surface, and turns from green to light brown when it matures.

There are many seeds, slightly triangular.

The flowering period is from March to165438+1October.

The fruiting period is from April to165438+1October.

Growing on slopes, grasslands or near houses.

Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Sichuan and other places; Cultivated in Shanghai and Nanjing.

② Datura pilosa, also known as Datura spinosa and Datura pilosa.

Panicum miliaceum.

The morphology is similar to the above species, but they are all densely white pubescent; Leaves alternate or subopposite, broadly ovate, 8-20cm long, 5-12cm wide, entire or slightly undulate.

The flowers are white or light blue, the calyx tube persists at the base, and the edge is reflexed outward.

Capsule nearly round, dense and soft acupuncture.

The flowering period is from May to September.

Result period: June ~ 65438+ 10 month.

Distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places; Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai and other cities are cultivated.

The roots (Datura stramonium roots), leaves (Datura stramonium leaves) and fruits (Datura stramonium seeds) of the above two plants are also used as medicine, and each has its own articles in detail.

During the collection period from August to165438+1October, pick the newly blooming flowers, dry them in the sun, dry them in the shade or light fire.

You can also tie the handle and dry it.

Medicinal material ① Nanyang Jinhua: it is the dried flower of Datura stramonium.

Tie dozens of flowers into a bundle.

Calyx has generally been removed.

Corolla funnel-shaped, long10 ~15cm, yellowish brown to light brown, with wrinkles, longitudinal wrinkles in the tube, five cracks in the upper part, mostly broken, filiform at the top of the complete lobe, a depression between them, and five stamens, mostly wrapped by corolla tube.

Pistil 1

Flowers are as fragile as paper.

Slight breath, bitter taste.

It is best to remove the calyx, and the flowers are large, thick, neat, yellowish brown and fragrant.

Location: Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

② Beiyang Golden Flower: the dried flower of Datura stramonium.

It is scattered or tied into small bundles.

The shape of the flower is similar to that of Nanyang Golden Flower, but it has a yellow-green to gray-green calyx tube with five corners, 3 ~ 5 cm long, gray-green, and gray-white hair outside.

Smells like Nanyang Golden Flower.

It is best to have large, tawny, intact and impurity-free flowers.

Location: Hebei, Shandong, Henan and other places.

In addition to the above two kinds, there are several kinds of dried flowers of the same genus, which are also used as medicine: ① Datura stramonium with light green stems.

These flowers are white.

The capsule is ovoid, with a long hard needle at the top, and has four regular petals when it matures (distributed in the provinces of the Yangtze River Basin).

② Datura purpurea, with purplish red stems.

Flowers lavender; The upper part of the calyx is also purplish.

Capsule ovoid, with nearly equal length hard needle; When it is mature, it is regularly 4-valved (distributed in the provinces of the Yangtze River Basin).

③ Datura stramonium, with white flowers and smooth and spineless capsules.

④ Double Datura stramonium with 2 ~ 3 layers of corolla, with ultraviolet outside and white inside.