The Japanese Enlightenment thinkers known as "Oriental Voltaire" are A. Fukuzawa Yukichi, B. Yoshida Shōin, C. Ito Bowen and D. Takasu Jin.

Fukuzawa Yukichi's famous saying: "Everyone is independent, and the country will be independent." Like a torch in the dark, it illuminates the spiritual world of the Japanese. He said, "Heaven does not give birth to people above, nor does it give birth to people below." He regards individual independence as the basis of national independence, and thinks that only people with independent personality and spirit can care about national affairs and bear the responsibility of national rise and fall. Fukuzawa Yukichi put forward a complete Europeanization theory of Japan, which was praised by the Japanese as "the father of modern Japanese education" and "Voltaire of the East". So choose a.