What are the characteristics of Mongols?

Mongolian deer chess (Mongolian deer chess), called "Baogen Jirige" in Mongolian, is a traditional enlightening intellectual game. Chess pieces simulate the fighting process between dogs and deer, which is one of the traditional Mongolian entertainment projects. It embodies the intelligence and wisdom of the Mongolian people, has good academic value in intelligent folk sports, and has a good reference for studying Mongolian history, folk customs and society. On June 5th, 2007, the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was listed, and on September 5th, 2009, the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list in Jilin Province was added.

Historical origin

Mongolian deer chess, called "Baogen Jirige" in Mongolian, is one of the traditional Mongolian entertainment projects. According to textual research, deer chess originated before the seventh and eighth centuries. In addition to horse racing, camel shooting and dancing, ancient nomads also had deer chess and other recreational activities. Ancient Luqi rock paintings were found in Guyinshan, Sumutugou and Wulanchabu grassland.

Brief introduction of deer chess

Deer chess pieces are divided into deer and dog (called "heart" and "treasure brother" in Mongolian). There are mountains and plains on the chessboard (called "Ula" and "Tara" in Mongolian). The chessboard is square, with 5 vertical and horizontal lines and 25 crossing points. There is a mountain at each end of the central longitudinal line, one is flat-topped and the other is spire-shaped, with cross lines drawn inside, which also constitutes several intersections. Two people playing chess, one holding two sons, is Lu Fang (the first); The other side is holding 24 sons, which is the dog side. In the war, "deer pounce on dogs, and dogs surround deer." If the dog can trap the deer, the dog wins; If you can't sleep, the deer wins. Some folks also call this board game "Deer Eat Dogs" "Wolf Eat Sheep", which is a traditional game to enlighten wisdom.

According to its scale, there used to be two deer chess with 24 dogs and four deer chess with 64 dogs. At present, the former is widely spread among Mongolians.

game rule

Deer chess is played by two people, one holding the deer and the other holding the dog. Before playing chess, put the chessboard, put two deer on two mountain passes, and put eight dogs on eight squares of the chessboard. The rules of playing chess are: "deer" can walk on the whole board, and "dog" can only walk on the big square area, not into the "mountain". Deer and dogs can only walk one step at a time, either in a straight line or diagonally.

When playing chess, the person holding the deer goes first. If the deer jumps the dog from one position to another in three positions on the same route, it will eat the jumped dog and take it off the chessboard. The goal of those who hold dogs is to surround deer, and the goal of those who hold deer is to eat all dogs and not be surrounded by dogs. The person holding the "dog" first puts the 16 "dogs" that were not placed on the chessboard when the chess was laid out, and can choose any position. After putting all the dogs on the board, you can move the dogs on the board and try to surround the deer. When two dogs and deer line up side by side, the deer can't eat the dog. There is a layout around the "deer", that is, if the "deer" is enclosed, it is judged that the person who holds the "deer" has lost the game; If the "dog" player is eaten too much and can't surround the "deer", it is a chess loss.

Cultural value

Deer chess, with distinctive national characteristics, is a traditional Mongolian competitive entertainment project and a favorite board game of Mongolian people, especially teenagers.

The deer chessboard is criss-crossing and changing endlessly. For more than 1000 years, it has been popular among Mongolian people. The evolution from "deer eating dogs" to "wolves eating sheep" shows the close relationship between nomadic people and livestock, and people's ability to conquer and domesticate animals.

Its special academic value, practical value and artistic value are reflected in the popularization and inheritance of the people.

Deer chess is one of the typical Mongolian folk chess skills, with a long history and strong mass. It embodies the intelligence and wisdom of the Mongolian people, has good academic value in intelligent folk sports, and has a good reference for studying Mongolian history, folk customs and society.

Deer chess embodies the Mongolian life customs, is a popular traditional project to stimulate people's fighting spirit and build spiritual civilization, and has good practical value for enhancing national unity and strengthening cultural construction.

Endangered heritage

With the development of the times and the integration of nationalities, the grassland environment and living habits on which Mongolians depend have changed. Deer chess, which was deeply loved by teenagers in the past, has been replaced by modern cultural and sports activities such as internet and television. At the beginning of 2 1 century, only Mongolians in remote areas often played deer chess, so it was difficult to keep more of its original ecology. Some folk artists who are good at chess are old, and some have died one after another, with few inheritors. In all kinds of mass cultural and sports activities, Mongolian traditional deer chess is not the content, and its weakening trend is becoming more and more serious.

At present, the first batch of intangible cultural heritage in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was listed on June 5, 2007, and the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list in Jilin Province was added on September 5, 2009.

In order to carry forward the ancient national culture, Saygia spent the most precious 34 years in his life on the road of inheriting and declaring the intangible cultural heritage of Mongolian deer and chess. It is also the only inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage project of Mongolian deer and chess in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. At present, preparations are being made for the Mongolian Deer Chess and Cards Cultural Park project in the underground shopping mall of kangbashi Chess and Cards Square in Ordos City. The cultural park project covers an area of 1.500 square meters, and there are many projects such as Mongolian deer chess production, exchange and promotion.

Exquisite wooden "deer" and "dog" flags are made by Saguia.

In Ejinhoro Banner National Kindergarten, Saiyin Jiya is teaching children.

Inner Mongolia Museum Offers Practical Course "Enclosing Deer Chess"

Source: Baidu, Zhengbei.com, Songjun.com.

Mongolian traditional game-Mongolian deer chess

20 17-06- 14 Travel all over the grassland