What are the famous heroines in ancient China?

First, China's first female military commander, Fu Hao.

Fu Hao, the first female military commander in China (Oracle Bone Inscriptions), is also an outstanding female politician. She not only led the army to explore the territory of Wuding, but also presided over various sacrificial activities of Wuding Dynasty. Fu Hao is one of Shang Ding's more than 60 wives and one of the three legal spouses. Good name. "Woman" is a kinship term. Jin Wen is also called "stepmother Xin" because her temple is called Xin, which is called in "Zhou Ji Oracle Bone Inscriptions". Later generations of Shang Dynasty honored her as "mother Xin" and "stepmother Xin".

Fu Haoshe is a famous strategist in the history of China and a female general who is good at fighting. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins records that she conquered many neighboring countries, which is rare in history. Fu Hao has a huge single burial tomb and a long worship ceremony. This was very rare in Shang Dynasty.

Second, the Virgin of Lingnan, Fairy Lady

Mrs. Xian (522-602), also known as Mrs. Xian Tai, was born in Shandou Village, a commercial town in Maoming. China was an outstanding politician and strategist in ancient times and was known as the "Virgin of Lingnan". My wife is young, smart and resourceful. In her parents' home, she can be a military adviser, and after three dynasties, she surrendered to Zhu Yue all her life, complied with the people's demands and wishes, and devoted herself to safeguarding national unity and national unity. She and her descendants have made outstanding contributions to the relative stability of Lingnan area in the past 100 years and promoted the social and economic development of South Guangdong, which is a model of patriotism.

Her heroic image has been deeply engraved in the hearts of China people, and she was named "Lady Shilong", "Lady Song Kangjun" and "Lady Qiao Guo" by Chen Sui Dynasty, and was named "Sincere Lady" after her death. Later, Ming Taizu and the Tongzhi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty were named "Taitai of Gaoliang County" and "Taitai of Kindness" respectively. After the founding of New China, Premier Zhou Enlai praised her as "the first heroine in China".

Third, Mulan joined the army as her father.

Hua Mulan is a legendary heroine from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the end of Sui Dynasty, and her story is also a tragic heroic epic. Hua Mulan's deeds have been passed down to this day. China's famous ancient heroine, who is loyal, filial and righteous, defeated the invading nation on behalf of her father and passed down through the ages. According to legend, during the reign of Emperor Yining of Sui Dynasty, the Turks invaded the frontier, Mulan disguised herself as a man, joined the army instead of her father, and fought in the battlefield for 12 years, making many meritorious deeds. No one found out that she was a woman, and she was named Shangshu after returning to the DPRK. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty named him "General Filial Piety".

The spread of Mulan story should be attributed to the folk song Mulan Ci, but the surname and native place of Mulan are not recorded in the history books.

Fourth, the heroine, Princess Pingyang of the Tang Dynasty.

Tang Gaozu Tang Gaozu, the daughter of Queen Dou, is the wife of Chai Shao, one of the twenty-four outstanding figures in Lingyange. She is a real heroine, and her talent and courage are no less than her brothers. In 6 17 AD (13th year of the great cause of Sui Dynasty), Chai Shao took up troops from Li Yuan to fight against Sui and Taiyuan. She went home to spread her wealth and recruit 70 thousand people. She led her teacher and Li Shimin to Weibei. People call Princess Pingyang "Li Niangzi" and her army "female soldier".

"Female Soldier" is famous far and wide, and many people are attracted by him. Soon, Princess Pingyang had more than 70,000 female soldiers. Princess Pingyang is a genius because she has military intuition and insight. Qu Tutong, the general of Sui Dynasty, suffered several great defeats under her. After Guanzhong was pacified, Li Yuan named his brilliant daughter Princess Pingyang.

Princess Pingyang, the only princess in posthumous title in the history of Tang Dynasty, was also the only woman who was mourned by the army in the feudal history of China. Qing Wu Ye Wei's Poems of the Four Spirits of princess royal: "If you are happy, why insult Song?" Pingyang can assist the Tang Dynasty. "

Five, the heroine, Fan Lihua.

Fan Lihua, a native of Zhenguan period in Tang Dynasty, was famous for fighting bloody battles with Xue Dingshan in the northwest frontier rebellion and * * * on the battlefield, which had a far-reaching influence on later generations. Her legendary stories are represented and interpreted by various forms of literary works, which is a typical image of China's ancient heroines.

Fan Lihua, Xue Dingshan's wife. She studied art with Li Shanzhi's mother since childhood, which lasted for eight years, and her martial arts was high. The mainstay of the Western Expedition of the Xue family's father and son, embroidered knives are unparalleled. After Xue's death, he succeeded to the throne as the commander-in-chief of Xiliang, and finally ended in the chaos of Xiliang. Because of his great achievements, Tang Gaozong was named Mrs. Hou Weining and Mrs. Zhenguo Yipin. According to local historical records and anecdotes in our country, she is a young woman in the Tang Dynasty who dares to love and hate, and has a broad mind. She is a military marshal with superb martial arts, miraculous powers and comprehensive talents.

Fan Lihua, an artistic image with the overall situation in mind, intelligence, courage and loyalty to love, has been continuously re-processed and re-created through folklore, rap and romance, and has become more vivid, plump and widely circulated. It is a typical heroine image in China classical literature.

Six, fold (shed) Taijun: full of loyalty.

Zhetaijun (She Taijun in history) is a famous Saihua, and he is a Datong in Xijing. Zhetaijun guarded Fuzhou with his father Zhede since childhood and was good at riding and shooting. He married Yang Ye, a famous Northern Han Dynasty star. Zhe Taijun was born in Minhui. He was familiar with martial arts and the art of war, assisted Yang Ye in making meritorious military service, and lived in Yunzhou as an observer. He is called invincible Yang. Later, when conquering Liao, he was in command, with Yang Ye as the pioneer. Unexpectedly, Pan Renmei's selfish motives and malicious intentions drove him to no peace. Chen Jiayu tried to be poor, but the generals gathered in Wutun, and the whole army was trapped. Yang Ye was captured and died without food for three days.

Yang Jiajiang, from Yang Xin, the father of Yang Ye, to Wenguang, Sun Yang, fought bravely in four generations of battlefields and died for his country. He can be called a "brave man", and Zhejiang Taiwan Army is the mainstay of Yang Jiajiang. Although there are no more records in the official history of Zhetaijun, the heroic image of Zhetaijun, who is proficient in the art of war, has been fighting for a long time, is loyal and patriotic, has the overall situation in mind and has a clear sense of righteousness, is deeply imprinted in the minds of the broad masses of the people.

Her heroic deeds of commanding Yang Jiajiang to kill the enemy have gone deep into the world. Later, in order to remember her, praise her, learn from her, worship her, and hope that she will be immortal, people also compiled and created storytelling, novels and drama scripts, among which drama scripts were widely circulated.

Mu Guiying: Mu Guiying is the commander.

Mu Guiying-a character in the drama and novel Yang Jiajiang. Xiong's Biography of Northern Song Dynasty and Ji Zhenlun's Popular Romance of Yang Jiajiang. Originally the daughter of Muqizhai Fishes, she was superb in martial arts, witty and brave. Legend has it that a goddess taught the art of flying knives with arrows. Because of the battle with Yang Zongbao before the war, Zongbao was captured alive and married, and was included in Yang Jiajiang, the Woman of Yangmen.

Mu Guiying and Yang Jiajiang fought side by side to defend the country and made great contributions. She Taijun (She Saihua) was a centenarian conductor and led 12 widows to the Western Expedition. At the age of 50, she hung a pioneer seal, went deep into danger, struggled hard and won a great victory. It is a typical heroine image in China classical literature.

Liang Hongyu: Liang Hongyu drummed to cheer for the Jin army's big break.

Liang Hongyu (1102—1153) was a famous anti-gold heroine in Song Dynasty, and her husband was a famous anti-gold star Han Shizhong. Guichi County, Anhui Province. The story of Liang Hongyu beating off the Jin Bing in Hangzhou with gongs and drums is still told by people today. Song Gaozong suggested that in the spring of four years, the nomads from the north withdrew. Han Shizhong urgently transferred troops, and the two sides of the canal went hand in hand, preemptively occupying Jinshan and Jiao Shan in the Jingkou area, so as to cut off the return of Jin Wushu. On the same day, Jin Wushu challenged Han Shizhong and agreed to go to war the next day.

The next morning, Liang Hongyu, wearing a pheasant-tailed eight-treasure inlaid with gold beads and golden rockhopper, a collar lock, a golden armor and a white jade belt, sat on a warship in Zhong Jun to direct the battle. The most intense time, Liang Hongyu personally drummed and cheered, and Song Jun's morale was one hundred times. After a day of fighting, 8 Jin Jun was completely frozen, and Jin Wushu's troops were trapped in the yellow sky. Han Shizhong besieged the enemy for forty-eight days with less than ten times the force (8000 Song Jun vs 65438+100000 Jin Jun) by Liang Hongyu's stratagem, which made him famous in China.

The battle of Huang Tiandang discouraged 8 jin j and never dared to invade Jiangnan casually again. Later, Han Shizhong, Yue Fei and Zhang Jun went to the Northern Expedition with the three armies, and Liang Hongyu specially trained a group of female soldiers, who repeatedly made outstanding achievements.

After Yue Fei was killed, Han Shizhong resigned and Liang Hongyu retired to Hangzhou West Lake. Han Shizhong died in 1 15 1 year. In less than two years, Liang Hongyu also passed away. The couple were buried together at the foot of Lingyan Mountain in Su Causeway.

Qin Liangyu: The only heroine recorded in official history.

Qin Liangyu (1574-1648), a native of Zhongxian, Chongqing, was a famous female general in the late Ming Dynasty. Her husband, Ma Qiancheng, is the hereditary envoy of Bian Shi Fu Xuan (commonly known as Tusi). After Ma Qiancheng was killed, Qin Liangyu took over as her husband because her son Ma Xianglin was young. Qin Liangyu led his brothers Qin Bangping and Qin Minping to take part in the battles against the Qing army, the extravagant Chongming Rebellion, the Zhang Rebellion, etc. They made outstanding achievements and were named second-class imperial women.

Emperor Chongzhen once wrote four poems praising Qin Liangyu. After Qin Liangyu's death, many scholars praised Qin Liangyu's poems. In modern times, Bing Xin and Guo Moruo also praised Qin Liangyu. Feng Yuxiang, a patriotic general, once said, "In memory of Mulan, we should learn from Qin Liangyu." After the demise of the Ming Dynasty, Nanming posthumously named Qin Liangyu as a "loyal Hou".

In the revision of history, female celebrities were recorded in female biographies, and Qin Liangyu was the only female hero in history who was recorded in official biographies as a famous dynasty.

Nine, Jianhu woman, Qiu Jin

Qiu Jin (1875- 1907) was an advocate of women's rights and women's studies in China and a modern democratic revolutionary. The first revolutionary pioneers who died to overthrow the Manchu regime and thousands of years of feudal rule made great contributions to the Revolution of 1911. Advocating feminist women's studies promoted the development of women's liberation movement.

Modern China is a revolutionary era, and revolution cannot be separated from women who hold up half the sky. Fortunately, Qiu Jin adapted to the needs of the times, and therefore became a banner of modern women's revolution in China: an iconic historical figure representing modern women's rights revolution in China.

1907 15 In the early morning of July, Qiu Jin died in Xuantingkou, Shaoxing at the age of 32.

Extended data:

1. Wang Zhaojun was born in Baoping Village, Zigui County, Nanjun about 52 BC (now Zhaojun Village, Zigui County, Yichang, Hubei Province). In the third year of Yong 'an (AD 260), Jingdi was enfeoffed to Xingshan County in the north of Zigui, with Xiangxi as the city boundary and Qiang as the local people, so Yunzhaojun was the county. His father, the king and his eldest daughter are regarded as the apple of his eye, and his brother and sister-in-law also love him very much. Wang Zhaojun was born beautiful and intelligent, and his piano, chess, calligraphy and painting were all exquisite. "There is nothing in Emei, which can make flowers ashamed of the forest."

Zhaojun's peerless talents spread all over Nanjun and Beijing along Xiangxi River. In 36 BC, Emperor Hanyuan showed the world that all women in the world should choose. Wang Zhaojun is the first choice of Nanjun. Yuan Di wrote to order him to enter Beijing some other day. Her father, Mao Yunwang, said, "My daughter is too young to obey her orders." But it's hard to disobey the sacred command.

Second, Liang Hongyu is the wife of Han Shizhong, and Han Shizhong is a contemporary general of Yue Fei and Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty. She used to be a prostitute in Beijing, but she was rescued by Han Shizhong. Liang Hongyu felt his kindness and devoted himself wholeheartedly. At that time, Han Shizhong was just a young officer, and he didn't dare to promise. Later, after Han Shizhong was promoted to general, he formally married Liang Hongyu. In Han Shizhong's eyes, Liang Hongyu is not an ordinary coquette, she should be outstanding. Han Shizhong confronted the nomads from Jingkou in Huangtiandang.

At that time, there were hundreds of mercenaries and countless warships in Jinwu, while there were only 8,000 tired soldiers in Han Shizhong. Han Shizhong listened to Liang Hongyu's plan, led by Han, led a small group of Song Bing boats to lure the Jin Bing into the reeds, and then ordered a large group of Song Bing to ambush, taking Liang Hongyu's drums as their life, taking lights as the guide, and burning their ships with rockets and arrows.

As expected, nomads from Liang Hongyu stood on the Jinding drum platform, Han Shizhong led the fleet to battle, and only listened to the drums of "Dong, Dong", Han Shizhong led nomads from Huang Tiandang, Liang Hongyu kicked off and drummed, and Song Jun was in ambush. Nomads from afar fell into the water, abandoned the ship and fled for their lives, causing countless casualties. Under the guidance of the oil lamp, Liang Hongyu commanded Song Jun to repel the nomads from the army.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-China Ancient Heroine