Are there any special requirements for the modification of racing cars in China Touring Car Championship (1600CC Group)?

In-depth analysis, test and report on CCC car modification for you! Some people think that the most effective and direct way to evaluate the performance of modified cars is to drive into the track, and whoever runs the fastest lap will be the most successful. Although this is somewhat biased, it is indeed very correct if it is used as a yardstick for the modification level of RV racing cars. In the middle of CCC season, two excellent and powerful teams-Hao Wei and Shandong Capgemini, their Toyota Vios, Vios and Corolla became the first choice of this "CCC racing modified album". They were all revised by Mr Hao Wei. How does this modified car closely related to Japanese TRD improve the competitiveness of these three domestic Toyota cars? The two VIOS of Osh Hao Wei team and the two VIOS of Shandong Capgemini were modified and adjusted by the same technician at the same time according to roughly the same scheme, so their applicable parts and modification concepts are roughly the same. Therefore, we focused on the No.2 driver of Euro Lion Team, Lin, and began to talk about the secret of its modification from his Vios. Intrinsic weight loss is an important part of car modification, and air conditioning is of course the number one goal to be eradicated. So if the temperature in the car is often as high as 60-70℃ in hot weather, driving a racing car is really a kind of torture. However, Ou Shi Hao Wei has considered for the driver, and installed a water-cooled vest system in the car to dissipate heat for the driver and improve driving performance (of course, the power consumed by the system and the added weight are extremely small)! "If you put ice water in it, sometimes you will feel cold!" Guo Haisheng, the driver of Ou Shi Hao Wei, said with a smile. In order to further reduce the weight of the car, the redundant parts in the car will be removed, such as seats, center console panels, door panels, ceilings and so on. In addition, they also drill steel plates in some parts of the car to steal light, and the anti-rust glue under the car will also be scraped off-it can reduce the weight of several kilograms. This tedious work also prepares for the later spot welding reinforcement of the car body and the installation of the roll cage. The lighter the car body, the greater the horsepower-to-weight ratio and the better the vehicle power, so I always thought that the car had no interior. However, in view of the regulation that the body weight of China track racing cars should not be less than 1000kg, these three Toyota racing cars still have some "luxury" equipment, first of all, the dashboard and door inner panel made of carbon fiber; However, VIOS's original electric window actually survived, thanks to the special car weight regulations. In the process of continuous adjustment of suspension modification, Lin's VIOS racing car adopts a set of STD gear-stirring shock absorbers (cheaper) made in Taiwan Province Province, and the hardness can be adjusted in the first eight sections and the last six sections. The suspension adjustment will change according to the venue and weather conditions of each game. When we interviewed, it was during CCC Zhuhai Station. Its hardness is the first 6 grades and the last 2 grades respectively, and the spring adopts the hardness model of 18kg and 12kg. Guo Haisheng's No.3 VIOS racing car used a Japanese TEIN shock absorber set worth more than 40,000 yuan, with 20 levels adjustable before and after. At present, it is set to the first 16 class and the last 6 class, while in spring, the mode of the first 8kg and the last 3.5kg is adopted. This setting is based on Hao Wei's racing experience in Zhuhai circuit for many years and the driver's own test. According to Kang Jun, technical director of Ou Shi Hao Wei, they tried two brands of shock absorbers and settings through continuous competitions. He even found that in some cases, the springs of their cars were set softer but faster. This is an interesting topic, but because of the technical secrecy of the team, it is not convenient to disclose too much to the outside world. In order to improve the cornering limit of the car, the compressed wheels should be kept perpendicular to the ground as much as possible when the car rolls, so as to maximize the stress area. Each wheel of the three cars has been adjusted, and there is obvious wheel inclination (the inclination angle is 4.2 degrees in front and 2.5 degrees in the back), which is also commonly known as "splayed foot". McPherson suspension of the front wheel can easily realize the "splayed foot" only by stirring the shock absorber with teeth, without modifying the A-arm, and the fine adjustment is carried out by the fisheye seat at the top of the shock absorber (the top of the wave tower). The rear wheels of VIOS and VIOS are semi-independent suspended by trailing arm, which is realized by changing the axle head. Except for replacing the disc brake, the rear suspension has not changed much, and the original structure is basically maintained. Brakes and other enhanced braking systems are the most important parts to improve the performance of racing cars. Mr. O 'Hao Wei chose the kit on the Japanese Echo (Weizi Japan Edition), which is also a Toyota. The brake caliper is a single piston. Due to the light weight of the car body and the low horsepower of the car itself, the requirements for the braking system are not too high compared with some high-horsepower sports cars. Brake pads are made of Japanese engineering μ at 0~800℃. It is really rare for the brake pads of track racing to start at 0℃. (Project μ is also one of the important sponsors of the regional Hao Wei team) The engine suspension rubber is changed to the hard suspension rubber produced by TRD to reduce the relative displacement between the engine and the frame. Reduce gear shifting caused by engine vibration when driving at high speed or suddenly accelerating. At the same time, this change also greatly avoids the power loss caused by engine jitter. Strengthening the car body will increase safety. When the car turns on the track, it will produce great lateral force and the frame will be distorted. Therefore, strengthening the rigidity of the frame is a necessary action for automobile modification. All three racing cars are spot-welded to strengthen the connection parts of the frame, and the main stress parts should be dealt with emphatically, which will increase the weight of more than ten kilograms. The most important equipment to protect the driver's personal safety, the anti-roll frame, is even more essential in the modification (it can prevent the car from rolling and serious deformation when it hits, and it is a component that must be installed in the competition). Kang Jun introduced that the roll cages of the three racing cars are made of seamless steel pipes, the A-pillar and B-pillar with the greatest stress are made of 3mm thick steel pipes, and the rest are made of 2.5mm thick steel pipes. In order to provide greater security, they also added a crossbar between the A-pillar and the B-pillar and a crossbar between the left and right C-pillars (only one crossbar is needed for the competition). Another important function of the roll cage is to strengthen the rigidity of the frame by welding important corners in the car, which is also very important for the performance of racing corners. After preliminary modification, only the pull rod is needed, and the rigidity of the car body has met the needs of the competition. Air intake and exhaust are subject to competition conditions. Because the power modification of the racing car must conform to the competition case, the modification of the three racing cars is different from the previous streetcar modification, and it is impossible to blindly pursue performance and change and upgrade accessories without restriction. First of all, the air intake system, the air filters of the three racing cars all keep the original products (instead of mushrooms, etc. ), but the difference is that the original paper filter was replaced by a cotton filter (windproof cotton). This can greatly improve the intake speed, but it can only prevent pebbles from entering the engine and lose the ability to filter smaller particles such as dust. Generally, the engine should be disassembled for routine inspection after each game. CCC competition stipulated that the throttle diameter should not exceed 55mm, while the original throttle diameter of VIOS 5A engine was 60 mm In order to meet the requirements of the competition, VIOS technicians had to replace the throttle. In addition, they also polished the intake pipe and exhaust valve to minimize the intake resistance. The exhaust manifold was not replaced due to the restriction of the competition, but only polished. Subsequent pipes are replaced by stainless steel products. And the diameter from the exhaust manifold to the tail is limited to the outer diameter of 55 mm. However, the diameter of the rear outlet of the tail drum is increased for the sake of beauty, which is of little practical significance. It is an important step to change the fuel injection quantity skillfully and increase the fuel injection quantity. The driving computer controls the fuel injection quantity by controlling the fuel injection time, which is generally accurate to one thousandth of a second. To increase the fuel injection quantity, the most common method is to rewrite the program to make each fuel injection time longer. On the other hand, the above purpose can also be achieved by replacing the large fuel injector and increasing the fuel injection quantity per unit time. Kang Jun introduced that they adopted the latter method. He transplanted the fuel injector of Toyota 4A engine (1.8L) to this 5A engine (1.5L), which not only did not need to increase the computer fuel injection time, but also reduced it after calculation. It just keeps the original time when the engine is running at high speed, so that excess gasoline can take away part of the heat in the cylinder and lubricate the inner wall of the cylinder. In order to meet the needs of large oil quantity, the pressure of VIOS fuel injection pipe is kept at 3.7bar (original 3.0bar). After such a big change, VIOS's average fuel consumption at Zhuhai ZIC circuit (with a total length of 4.3km) has reached 1 liter per lap (gas oil from 102 racing car is generally used), which is staggering, but it is a normal value from the point of view of racing car. So as to accurately calculate the fuel quantity before each competition and reduce the fuel load as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the completion of the competition. If the calculation is wrong, it is doomed to failure. There is such a scene in history that the leading car is not far ahead, because there is no oil to sprint, but the flag is sighing. The cooling system used to cool the important parts of the engine is another important part of automobile modification. Because the engine has been running at high speed in the competition, once the cooling system fails, the water temperature will be high, the engine efficiency will plummet, which will have a great impact on the final performance and even burn out the engine. These three racing cars have also made great efforts to modify the cooling system. Their water tank chooses "horizontal" aluminum alloy water tank, which means the water flow is horizontal. This is different from the traditional top-down, and its cooling water flows from left to right. In this way, the cooling water stays in the water tank for a longer time and the cooling effect is better. The water tank is thicker and larger, with a total capacity of more than 6 liters. Under the condition of retaining the original water pump, the water pressure can still be normal. The water tank cover is replaced by a high-pressure water tank cover with a pressure of 1.3bar, and an oil cooler is installed in front of the water tank, which is a "luxury" product for engines with a displacement less than 1.6L, so the grade is not too high. Comparing VIOS and VIOS, we have the same evaluation of VIOS and VIOS' harmony. The biggest difference is that VIOS has 1.5L and VIOS has only 1.3L in the original engine displacement, so VIOS is not as powerful as VIOS, but its short VIOS still has its advantages: for example, its wheelbase is shorter and it is more flexible to turn in corners with smaller angles. In addition, compared with the sedan VIOS, the hatchback VIOS will have a slightly higher center of gravity and a larger roll, but it is difficult for ordinary people to feel the adjustment of hard-core cars. Postscript Before planning this topic, we had an illusion: how exciting it is for car owners who own VIOS, VIOS, Corolla and other models to see racing cars exactly like their cars, with colorful body flowers stuck on them, flying at high speed on the track and drawing a road of light and shadow ... So we have carefully prepared this topic, and its purpose, from a small perspective, is to let fans who like racing and modification. "Rising to a Far-reaching Height" aims to popularize the racing culture and add fuel to the flames for the just-started racing sport in China. Due to the limitation of space, in this issue, we will first introduce VIOS and VIOS racing cars that participated in 1600cc group, and then introduce Corolla racing cars that participated in 2000cc group. The appearance of these cars has not changed much. Only some necessary changes have been made, such as the large enclosure and the installation of the tail (the large GT tail was used, but the resistance was too great for VIOS, and the small tail was finally chosen). First of all, in order to meet the aerodynamic requirements, the appearance is more dynamic after installation. In order to meet the requirements of the competition, necessary changes are also necessary, such as trailer hooks protruding from the front and back of the bumper (to facilitate rescuers to drag them back to the maintenance station in case of an accident). VIOS is equipped with bullet-shaped rearview mirrors to reduce the drag coefficient, but the field of vision is far less than that of ordinary cars. According to driver Lin, according to normal habits, drivers need to concentrate on the track ahead during the race. If they want to take care of the rear situation, they should at most glance at the rearview mirror with corner lights when entering corners and tangent lines to see if there is an opponent approaching overtaking, or when entering and leaving pits, make sure that changing lanes does not interfere with other cars on the track. The focus of the ignition system is to improve the engine power at all times, and the cylinder compression ratio of VIOS is also improved (by flattening the middle cylinder). At the same time, in order to cope with this change, the ignition time and the opening and closing time of the intake and exhaust valves have also been adjusted accordingly, and the camshaft of its valve train has also been upgraded (we can't know the transformation situation because of confidentiality). Kang Jun said that the adjustment of ignition time was realized by rewriting the computer program of driving. In the adjustment process, the knock is mainly detected by a special knock sensor, and the ignition time is adjusted as much as possible without knocking. VIOS and VIOS's high-pressure burner wires are still original products, and there is no grounding wire. The reason is that the performance of the original burner wire is more stable, which is not easy to cause spark plug electrolysis and has a longer life. The original lamp cap cable is not easy to generate too many electromagnetic waves, which reduces the influence on the normal work of the driving computer. The spark plug adopts Denso 1 1 degree iridium spark plug specially used for Toyota racing car, which is completely used for high compression ratio and high heat engine. Perspective view of fuel tank system You can see the fuel tank by opening the button of VIOS luggage compartment lid. The original fuel tank has been removed and replaced with an explosion-proof fuel tank that meets the requirements of the FIA. This is also a necessity to meet the CCC competition, which can prevent the car from exploding in the event of an accident, thus ensuring the safety of drivers and surrounding staff. The ATL explosion-proof main fuel tank used in Hao Wei has a maximum capacity of 30 liters (left), and an auxiliary fuel tank (about 1 liter) is installed beside it. The circular oil tank on the left side of the main oil tank in the figure and two Bosch high-pressure oil pumps (the pumping speed is 5 liters/minute, and the two circular oil tanks above the main oil tank in the figure) are installed. Its working principle is: firstly, an oil pump pumps the fuel from the main tank to the auxiliary tank, and then another oil pump pumps the gasoline from the auxiliary tank to the fuel rail in front of the fuel injector through the oil pipe for the engine to use. Excess fuel in the fuel rail flows back to the auxiliary fuel tank through the oil return valve, and the auxiliary fuel tank overflows and then flows back to the main fuel tank. There is not much fuel in the car race. In the process of intense cornering, the fuel in the main fuel tank will be thrown aside because of centrifugal force. If the oil pump directly pumps oil from the main oil tank, it will directly affect the engine performance because it often fails to pump oil. The function of the auxiliary fuel tank is to ensure that there is always enough fuel during the race. No matter how hard the car turns, it can ensure that the oil suction pipe mouth is always immersed in gasoline. Although VIOS and VIOS use the same fuel tank system, VIOS is a hatchback with no closed luggage compartment. According to the regulations of the competition, its explosion-proof fuel tank system cannot be exposed in the cab, so the fuel tank on VIOS has one more process: the fuel tank is covered with carbon fiber plates. At the end of the interview, we finally had a chance to test drive the No.7 VIZ car of Shandong Capgemini team Wang Jianwei at Zhuhai Circuit. Compared with the original car, Weizi No.7 car hardly rolled when cornering. Because there are many straight roads in Zhuhai circuit, this 1.3L Weizi has no pleasure of linear acceleration, but the advantage is that the engine rotates smoothly at high speed. I keep the speed above 5000 rpm, and shift gears when the shift light is on at 7000 rpm. Weizi's control is very direct, and Spaco's steering wheel feels good and points clearly. Shortly after laps 7 and 8, I drove back to the pit. I didn't feel tired at all after getting off the bus. I was just excited, but the staff tied me tightly with a five-point seat belt and felt a little uncomfortable.