Types of weather balloons

A large weather balloon that rises to the stratosphere for detection. It adopts modern positioning, tracking, remote control and telemetry technology, which is different from conventional radio sounding balloons and high-altitude balloons. The instruments it carries can be thrown and recycled in designated areas. The stratospheric balloon can observe meteorological elements, atmospheric composition, atmospheric electricity, atmospheric ozone and solar radiation, and verify the pressure-altitude formula (see the equilibrium state of atmospheric motion).

The stratospheric balloon has a volume of more than10 ~ 300,000 cubic meters, and can carry 100 ~ 150 kilograms of instruments after being charged with hydrogen. At present, it has a large balloon with a load exceeding 1000 kg. Stratospheric balloon is an observation platform that can complete high-altitude detection over 20 ~ 40 kilometers. Generally speaking, to choose the right season and weather conditions to fly balloons, it is necessary to control the wind direction and wind speed at various heights. For example, the horizontal position of the balloon should be located by the wind in the upper and lower layers: the east wind in the lower layer makes the balloon move eastward, and when it rises to the stratosphere, it will be moved westward by the east wind in the upper layer, so as to be recovered as close as possible to the release site after the whole detection process is completed; The lifting of the balloon is controlled by the exhaust valve and balancer remotely controlled on the ground to exhaust or dump the engine room.

At present, stratospheric balloon detection is mainly used for scientific experiments. It is not only used to detect atmospheric composition, ozone, solar constant and radiation, but also used to detect high-energy physics, astronomy, space physics and other disciplines.