Solar terms in the northern hemisphere where the sun shines directly.

(1) When the earth's revolution is in position B, the solar term in the northern hemisphere is winter solstice, and the sun is directly on the tropic of Capricorn;

(2) When the earth's revolution is in the AC position, that is, the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox, at this time, the sun shines directly on the equator, and the length of day and night in China is equally divided;

(3) When the revolution of the earth is in position D, the season in the southern hemisphere is winter, that is, it is summer in the northern hemisphere.

So the answer is:

( 1)B； Tropic of Capricorn;

(2)AC； Divide day and night equally;

(3)D。