National traditional festivals and customs

National traditional festivals and customs

National traditional festivals and customs, China traditional festivals are varied, the formation of traditional festivals is a long-term accumulation and cohesion process of a nation or country's history and culture, and it is an important part of China's long history and culture. Share the traditional national festivals and customs below.

National traditional festivals and customs 1 eight traditional festivals and customs

I. New Year's Eve

New Year's Eve is the last day of the Lunar New Year, also known as New Year's Eve or New Year's Eve. "Except" means "go"; The original meaning of "evening" is "sunset" and it is extended to "night". Therefore, on New Year's Eve, there is a meaning of "saying goodbye to the old year here and welcoming the new year tomorrow", that is, "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new year" or "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new year". What are the customs? There are differences across the country, but on New Year's Eve, it is a common custom in China to have family reunion, have New Year's Eve dinner, chat around the stove and bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.

According to historical records, this custom first began in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. To this day, China people still keep the New Year's Eve, symbolizing driving away all evil diseases and epidemics, setting off firecrackers outside, sitting around the stove indoors, eating jiaozi, peeling peanuts and melon seeds, watching the Spring Festival Evening and welcoming the New Year with a smile. For example, in the poem "Chun Xue" by Han Yu, "There is no youth in the New Year, and the grass shoots in early February. Snow is too late for spring, and she wears a court tree as a flying flower. "

Another example is "Huanxisha" by Nalan Rong Ruo. In addition to the night, Geng Shen said: "When you are idle and cool, the dance skirt still remembers the red branches. Who is waiting for the spring breeze, bamboo leaves and swallows? Nine lights tremble with gold worms, and the wind finally depends on the heavenly palace. "

Second, the Spring Festival

The Spring Festival is on the first day of the first lunar month, that is, the first year of the lunar calendar, commonly known as "Chinese New Year". It is the most lively and grand ancient traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and generally does not end until at least the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.

The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China. We know that activities all over the country are extremely colorful, such as Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures, blessings, window grilles, steamed rice cakes, wrapping jiaozi, New Year's Eve vigil, New Year's greetings, lucky money and other customs are very popular. Wang Anshi wrote a poem in January Day: "Firecrackers will make you one year old, and the spring breeze will warm Tu Su. Thousands of households always exchange new peaches for old ones. "

Three. the Lantern Festival

The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival. Lantern Festival is named after its festival activities are held on the 15th night of the first lunar month. Lantern Festival is also called "Lantern Festival" and "Lantern Festival" because the main activity of this festival is to light lights at night. In addition, the Lantern Festival is also called "Shangyuan Festival" (in addition, Zhongyuan Festival is the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, commonly known as Ghost Festival; October 15th of the lunar calendar is the next Lantern Festival.

The customs of the Lantern Festival include watching lanterns, playing drums to welcome the new year, welcoming Ce Shen and solve riddles on the lanterns (such as in A Dream of Red Mansions, where the old lady and the old lady solve riddles on the lanterns celebrate the Lantern Festival) and eating Yuanxiao (Lantern Festival). There was a custom of eating Yuanxiao in Song Dynasty, that is, jiaozi with stuffing made of glutinous rice flour.

Jiaozi, which has bean paste stuffing, sesame stuffing and meat stuffing, is varied and has different flavors, symbolizing round and round. Ouyang Xiu's "Birth Outline Yuan" said: "Last year's Lantern Festival, the flower market was full of lights. At the end of the month, it is about dusk. On the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month of this year, the moonlight and lights are still the same as last year. I didn't see it last year, tears wet the sleeves of the spring shirt. "

Fourth, the Cold Food Festival.

Fireworks are strictly prohibited in this festival, and only cold food is allowed. The time is from winter to the future 105 or 106, one or two days before Qingming. Because cold food is close to Qingming time, later generations regard the custom of cold food as one of Qingming customs. In the development of later generations, customs such as sweeping, hiking, swinging, cuju, holding hooks and fighting cocks gradually increased. The Cold Food Festival lasted for more than 2,000 years and was once called the largest folk festival in China.

Cold Food Festival is the only traditional festival of Han nationality named after food customs. The Cold Food Festival originated in the Spring and Autumn Period. Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, has been in exile for more than ten years to escape the war. Minister meson tui has been following around and never left. Even "cutting off the thigh" (cutting off the flesh of his thigh for Zhong Er to eat). Since then, Zhong Er has made great efforts to become one of the "Jin Wengong" in the Spring and Autumn Period. However, Jie tui did not make a profit, but retired from Mianshan with his mother. Jin Wengong ordered the release of Yamakaji in order to invite him to meet himself. Jie tui was determined not to go out of the mountain and was eventually burned to death.

In order to express his gratitude, Jin Wengong buried him in Mianshan, built an ancestral temple and set up a temple, and ordered that no fireworks should be set off and no cold food should be eaten on the day of meson's death to show his grief. This is the origin of the "Cold Food Festival". Related poems, such as Su Shi's Cold Food Post, say, "I have been to Huangzhou and eaten cold food three times. I want to cherish spring every year, and spring is not a pity. "

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Tomb-Sweeping Day

Also known as outing festival, outing festival, March festival, ancestor worship festival, etc. The time is around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar, which happens to be March and April with beautiful spring. In terms of solar terms, Qingming is the fifth of the twenty-four solar terms in the China lunar calendar. Because the 24 solar terms objectively reflect the changes of temperature and precipitation in a year, working people use them to arrange agricultural activities. Among the traditional 24 solar terms in China, Qingming is the only solar term that has evolved from a solar term to a festival.

The main festival activities include forbidding fire and eating cold food, sweeping graves, hiking (white snake legend Xu Xianqing went back to Qiantang to worship the ancestor West Lake to meet the white snake), inserting willows and arranging flowers, swinging, cuju (playing football), flying kites, tug of war and playing polo. Related poems, such as Du Mu's "Tomb-Sweeping Day", wrote: "It rains a lot during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to die. Asked where to find a restaurant, the shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. "

Six, Dragon Boat Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month has a history of more than 2000 years. There are many legends about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, the most famous of which is to commemorate Qu Yuan, a great national poet in China history. During the Warring States Period, Qu Yuan, a doctor of the State of Chu, committed suicide by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th. In order to prevent fish and shrimp from biting his body, people wrapped glutinous rice in zongye and cooked it and threw it into the river. Later, people also celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival as a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan.

Therefore, the customs of Dragon Boat Festival mainly include eating zongzi, rowing dragon boats, hanging wormwood or calamus, drinking realgar wine and wearing sachets. There is a saying in Wen Tianxiang Dragon Boat Festival: "Give me a moxa in the afternoon of May 5th. The dead can't see, and new friends are far away. Those who used to be loyal to their country are now gray. I want to come from Lingjun, and Sanxiang is separated by three seas. " There is also Tang Xianzu's "No Race Crossing in Wuzhou" Day: "Write a cup of calamus and bamboo leaves alone, and Pengcheng grass will return for the first time. Knowing that you don't want to die in the Oujiang River, why bother hanging a boat? "

Seven, Mid-Autumn Festival

On the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the Mid-Autumn Festival is a full moon, which symbolizes reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival". The customs mainly include eating moon cakes, enjoying the moon, burning lanterns, watching tides, enjoying flowers (mainly osmanthus), drinking osmanthus wine, hosting banquets and so on. The most famous legend about Mid-Autumn Festival is the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. It is said that Chang 'e was originally Hou Yi's wife. After Houyi shot nine suns, the Queen Mother of the West gave him the elixir of life, but Houyi was reluctant to eat it and left it to Chang 'e for safekeeping.

Hou Yi's disciple [Peng] coveted the elixir of life and forced Chang 'e to hand it over. Chang 'e swallowed it in despair and flew into the sky. It was August 15th, and the moon was big and bright. Unable to leave Houyi, Chang 'e stopped on the nearest moon to the earth and lived in Guanghan Palace for a long time.

After returning home, Hou Yi was very sad, so he hosted a banquet to meet Chang 'e on August 15th every year. In Xiang Sushi's "Water Tune-When is the Bright Moon": "I hope people will live for a long time and thousands of miles will be beautiful." Chang 'e in the Tang Dynasty written by Li Shangyin: Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir and stay awake at night. "

Eight, Double Ninth Festival

On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the ancients in China took nine as the yang number, and the elements of two yang were heavy on the ninth day of September, so it was called "Chongyang". Double Ninth Festival, also known as "Old People's Day". The customs of the Double Ninth Festival mainly include climbing mountains, inserting dogwoods, drinking chrysanthemum wine, eating double ninth cake and watching chrysanthemums. Cornus officinalis, also called moon gum, is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine plant with spicy and strong taste. The ancients thought that folding it on the head could drive away the invasion of evil spirits. You can avoid being bitten by insects after smoking.

In this case of "hundred-footed insects, dead but not stiff", they are burned and smoked and put into sachets to repel insects and ward off evil spirits. Related poems: Wang Wei's "I miss my brothers in Shandong on vacation in the mountains": Being in a foreign land, I miss my relatives twice every festive season. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. In Mao Zedong's Mulberry Picking. Chongyang: "Life is easy to get old, not easy to get old, and it will be Chongyang every year. Today is Chongyang, and the yellow flowers in the battlefield are particularly fragrant. The annual autumn wind is not as strong as spring. Better than spring, it is the Wan Li frost in the vast river. "

National traditional festivals and customs 2 Spring Festival

The Spring Festival is the grandest and most lively ancient traditional festival in China, with a long history and rich social and cultural connotations. In modern times, people set the Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month, and generally it doesn't end until at least the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.

the Lantern Festival

Lantern Festival, also known as Shangyuan Festival, Xiaoyuanyuan Festival, Yuanxi Festival or Lantern Festival, is the first important festival after the Spring Festival and one of the traditional festivals in China and overseas Chinese.

Qingming Festival

Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the Walking Festival, is at the turn of mid-spring and late spring, that is, the first 108 day from winter to the future. It is a traditional festival in China, and it is also one of the most important festivals to worship ancestors and sweep graves.

Dragon Boat Festival

On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year, it was originally a festival for ancient ancestors to sacrifice their ancestors in the form of dragon boat races. Qu Yuan, a Chu poet in the Warring States Period, committed suicide by throwing himself into the Miluo River during the Dragon Boat Festival, and later took the Dragon Boat Festival as a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan.

National Festival, China

Miao Miao Year, Country Festival, April 8th, Lusheng Festival, Horse Fighting Festival, Lagu Festival.

Zhuang Tonggu Festival, Frog Girl Festival, Gyro Festival, Farm Tools Festival, Flower Girl Festival, Dragon Festival, Chili Festival, Bai Ya Festival, Maturity Festival, March 3 Song Festival, Cattle Soul Festival, Medicine King Festival, Eating New Year's Goods Festival, Mo Yi King Festival, Rolling Back Festival, New Year's Goods Festival and Jumping Head Festival.

Dong Shi Festival, Dongnian Festival, Winter Festival, Fireworks Festival, etc.

Yi Torch Festival, Yi Year, Worship to the Lord, Secret Branch Festival, Song and Dance Festival, etc.

Mongolian Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Nadam Festival, Aobao Festival, Genghis Khan Memorial Festival, Horse Milk Festival, Lantern Festival, Torch Festival, Aobao Festival, Maidel Festival, Lantern Festival and Taklegan Festival.

Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-adha and holy day.

Dai Water-splashing Festival, Summer Festival and Summer Festival.

Tibet Zhuan Shan Hui (Mufo Festival, Jingshan God), Flower Picking Festival, Huangzang New Year's Day, Sagadawa Festival, Daughter's Day, Guowang Festival and Bailaiyi Chasing Festival.

Yao people pray for worship, mourning and conversion, abstinence, slaves, cows and Wang Pan festivals.

National traditional festivals and customs 3 What are the traditional festivals in China?

1, New Year's Eve (the last night at the end of the year): family reunion, saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new;

2, Spring Festival: (the first day of the first month): There are customs such as posting Spring Festival couplets and giving lucky money;

3. Lantern Festival (15th day of the first month): There are customs such as enjoying lanterns and eating jiaozi.

4, the dragon looks up: (February 2): The people think that this day is the birthday of the East China Sea Dragon King;

5. Shangsi Festival: (the third day of March): There are customs such as spring bath and outing;

6. Tomb-Sweeping Day (around April 5, Gregorian calendar): There is a custom of going for an outing to sweep graves to worship ancestors.

7. Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of May): There are customs such as eating zongzi and racing dragon boats;

8. China Valentine's Day (the seventh day of July): it is regarded as China's "Valentine's Day";

9. Mid-Autumn Festival (July 15th): commonly known as July 30th, ancestor worship day;

10, Mid-Autumn Festival (August 15): there are customs such as enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes;

1 1, Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of September): climb the mountain to enjoy the autumn, be grateful and respect the elderly;