When is the Spring Festival located on the first day of the lunar calendar in China?

Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China. On this day, every family is reunited. Every family puts up Spring Festival couplets and hangs lanterns. Very lively. Do you know when the first day of the lunar calendar was designated as the Spring Festival in China? Next, let's use the old almanac to find out.

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China designated the first day of the first lunar month as the Spring Festival? After the victory of the Revolution of 1911 in modern China, in order to conform to the agricultural season and facilitate statistics, the Nanjing Provisional Government stipulated that the people should use the summer calendar, and the institutions, factories, mines, schools and organizations should adopt the solar calendar, with January 1st of the solar calendar as New Year's Day and the first day of the first lunar month as the Spring Festival. 1949 On September 27th, New China was founded. At the first plenary session of China People's Consultative Conference, the international use of the Gregorian calendar era was adopted, and the Gregorian calendar 1 month 1 day was designated as New Year's Day, commonly known as Gregorian calendar year. The first day of the first lunar month is usually around beginning of spring, so the first day of the first lunar month is designated as the Spring Festival, commonly known as the Lunar New Year.

Introduction to the Spring Festival The Spring Festival, that is, the Lunar New Year, is the beginning of a year and a traditional "festival". Commonly known as Spring Festival, New Year, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve and so on. It is also known verbally as New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve and New Year's Eve. The Spring Festival has a long history, which evolved from praying for the New Year at the beginning of the year in ancient times. Everything is based on the sky, and people are based on their ancestors. It is also the opposite to pray for the ancestors who worship the sky. The origin of the Spring Festival contains profound cultural connotations, and it carries rich historical and cultural connotations in its inheritance and development. During the Spring Festival, various activities are held all over the country to celebrate the Spring Festival, and there is a lively and festive atmosphere. These activities are mainly to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year, worship ancestors and pray for a bumper harvest. They are rich in forms and have strong regional characteristics, which condense the essence of China traditional culture. In ancient times, people began a "busy year" on the 23rd or 24th of a year, and the New Year didn't end until January19th. In modern times, people set the Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month, but it generally doesn't end until the fifteenth day of the first lunar month (Lantern Festival). The Spring Festival is a happy and peaceful festival for friends and relatives to get together, and it is a bond for people to deepen their feelings. Holiday greetings convey family ethics between relatives and villages, which is of great significance to maintain the development of the Spring Festival. Headed by Hundred Festivals, the Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation, which not only embodies the Chinese nation's ideological beliefs, ideals and aspirations, life, entertainment, cultural psychology, but also shows activities such as blessing, eating and entertainment in a carnival way. Influenced by China culture, some countries and regions in the world also have the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival. According to incomplete statistics, nearly 20 countries and regions have designated the Spring Festival in China as a legal holiday in all or part of the cities under their jurisdiction. Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival are also called the four traditional festivals in China. With the approval of the state, the folk custom of the Spring Festival was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Spring Festival custom Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures both originated from the ancient custom of exorcising ghosts. During the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, every household stood in front of the door to draw Shen Tu and Lei Yu to exorcise ghosts during the Spring Festival. Later, it developed into a door god New Year picture. Woodblock New Year pictures became popular in Song Dynasty, and the content of New Year pictures also expanded. Simitu, which is still preserved today, is the New Year picture at that time. Spring Festival couplets appeared in the Tang Dynasty. Writing Spring Festival couplets was more popular in the Song Dynasty. Spring Festival couplets posted in the Ming Dynasty have spread all over the country. Spring Festival couplets are a unique language art form and calligraphy art form in China, and spread to South Korea and other places. Spring Festival couplets not only express people's wishes, but also add a festive atmosphere.

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When the New Year comes, lighting a torch, fire or charcoal brazier in the yard is called "Tingliao", "Burning brazier" and "Wangxiang" in ancient times, and it is called "Wang Shenghuo" or "Electricity to make treasure firewood" in modern folks. The ancient court meteors were used to ward off evil spirits or to worship gods and ancestors. Later, Wanghuo has developed into a symbol of family prosperity and an expression of good hope. 1738, Lang Shining painted a picture of Li Hong's Snow Scene, showing the scene of Emperor Qianlong and his children celebrating the New Year. There was a brazier in front of Emperor Qianlong, and a little prince was in the brazier, which was called "burning pine basin" at that time. Modern folk fires are often lit woodpiles or charcoal piles. The brighter the fire, the better, which symbolizes the prosperity of the whole family in the new year. It is also useful to burn pine, cypress, peach and apricot branches in the brazier. The family will cross the fire to symbolize the old disaster and usher in a new atmosphere.

The original purpose of firecrackers is to exorcise ghosts or welcome gods. Later, it developed into a symbol of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new, and became a folk symbol that best represents the arrival time of the new year. The earliest reliable record of firecrackers can be found in the Chronicle of Jingchu written by Zongba in the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty: "The first day of the first month, which is also the third day, is called the end of the month. When the chicken crows, set off firecrackers in front of the court to avoid ghosts. " At that time, firecrackers burned bamboo in the fire, making a crackling sound. The first thing to get up in the New Year is to set off firecrackers. Firecrackers appeared in the Song Dynasty, that is, modern firecrackers, firecrackers and firecrackers. With firecrackers, firecrackers can be set off in areas without bamboo. Firecrackers later became a national custom. Later, the festive color of firecrackers made people have a further understanding of the symbolic significance of firecrackers: greeting God with festive firecrackers. The sound of firecrackers itself is also a cultural symbol of "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new". It can make people experience the difference between the old and the new more deeply and make life more artistic.

Rice cakes and jiaozi rice cakes, also known as sticky cakes, are homophonic "high every year", which contains people's hopes for a happy life in the future. Rice cakes are usually made of sticky particles. There are rice cakes in the north, rice cakes in the south of the Yangtze River, and glutinous rice Baba in the southwest. The most popular New Year food in northern China is jiaozi, also known as jiaozi, trough and flat food. In the 5th century, jiaozi, which is shaped like a crescent moon, has become a popular food for the Spring Festival. Before the Song Dynasty, jiaozi was called "the horn" or "the water horn". The name of "flat food" began in the Yuan Dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the word "jiaozi" has been widely used. Generally speaking, the cultural symbolism of jiaozi is a homonym of "jiaozi" and "jiaozi", and "jiaozi" means jiaozi. It is a symbol of the arrival of the Spring Festival. Therefore, people start cooking jiaozi immediately after midnight, which becomes the first meal of the New Year. A deeper explanation, jiaozi also contains the meaning of food. There was a lack of meat in ancient times, so jiaozi with meat stuffing was naturally a good food. This is what the folk proverb "Is jiaozi delicious?" means. Eating jiaozi in the Spring Festival, of course, is to hope that there will be more delicious food next year.

Zheng Chao and New Year greetings are important activities to strengthen social relations and family relations during the New Year. Zheng Chao, also known as "Zheng Zheng" and "Hui Yuan", refers to the minister's greeting to the emperor in the New Year. Every year in the Zhou Dynasty, during the Spring Festival, the governors had to "face the right" to the Zhou Emperor, that is, pay a New Year call. Ancient literati also used famous cards to replace the custom of visiting New Year in person, which is generally believed to be the origin of China New Year cards. Modern greeting cards are widely used in all walks of life. At home, the younger generation kowtows to their elders when they get up in the morning, wishing them health and longevity. Then go to relatives and friends' homes in turn to pay New Year greetings to their elders. The elders give New Year's money to wish him a healthy growth. Friends will also visit each other to express their New Year wishes. If there are many relatives and friends, New Year greetings will last for many days. The activities of the Spring Festival are from within the family, gradually extended to relatives, and even the whole society. Keep old on New Year's Eve, pay New Year's greetings to parents on the first day, and then go out to pay New Year's greetings to relatives. Pay New Year greetings to friends again. After that, people began to visit temple fairs. On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Lantern Festival, men, women and children go to the streets to watch lanterns and carnival parades-stilts, dry boats, dragon dances, lion dances and yangko dances. Therefore, the Spring Festival is a national festival that permeates all aspects and levels of society.

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Lucky money: This "money" was not money in the old society. After offering sacrifices to ancestors and holding a ceremony to greet the gods, the whole family should "pay New Year greetings" together. The younger generation should kowtow to their elders and wish them longevity, happiness and good luck. The elders should give them red envelopes, that is, "lucky money", which means "lucky money, praying for the future" In ancient times, lucky money was called "lucky money" and "beating money", which first appeared in the Han Dynasty. Lucky money is not a popular coin in the market, but an ornamental object cast in the shape of a coin, which has the meaning of avoiding evil and restraining evil. The lucky money was originally made of four square holes woven with red velvet rope, and the money was made into a "Fang Sheng" with drooping tassels (one of the auspicious patterns of eight treasures). At that time, on some lucky money, many auspicious characters such as "long life", "evil spirits" and "long live for thousands of years" were cast on the front, while on the back were auspicious patterns such as dragons, phoenixes, tortoise snakes and Pisces. Lucky money is a custom of the New Year and a good wish. Although the currency has changed, the custom of the elders giving lucky money to the younger generation during the Chinese New Year is still circulating, and they have placed their good wishes on the children's growth and wished them healthy growth.

Sacrifice to ancestors: pray for ancestors to bless the peace in the coming year. It is not only a mourning for ancestors, but also a prayer for ancestors to bless peace in the coming year. Sacrificing ancestors is one of the oldest customs in the Spring Festival. "Shangshu Shundian" records: "On the first day of the month, Shunge was in Wen Zu." On the first day of the first month, Shun Di went to the ancestral temple to worship his ancestors. Ancestor worship is usually on the 30th of a year. After sweeping the house, cleaning the courtyard, changing Fu Tao and posting Spring Festival couplets, ordinary people will pay homage to their ancestors, or hang their portraits on the main wall of nave, place sacrifices and light incense sticks for the younger generation to worship. Although the forms of ancestor worship vary from place to place, the meaning of "ancestor worship and blessing" is roughly the same.

New Year's greetings: "Left fist, right fist" and "New Year's greetings" generally refer to the mutual greetings between relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. In the early years, New Year's greetings were divided into "New Year's greetings" and "New Year's greetings". "Happy New Year" means that the younger generation kowtows to the older generation, while "Happy New Year" means that the peers pay New Year greetings to each other. No matter "Happy New Year" or "Happy New Year", it is to express congratulations on a happy New Year and all the best. From the traditional greeting etiquette, there are several fixed "procedures". First, kowtow, that is, the younger generation bows and kowtows to the elders, especially when minors pay tribute to the elders with higher seniority. The second kind is bowing, in which the fist is raised with both hands, and then the right hand is held with the left hand, commonly known as "Bai Ji". Salute, regardless of seniority, holding Qi Mei, up and down a few times, after the heavy ceremony can bow. This kind of etiquette is generally used by younger generations when greeting their elders. The third type is fist crossing, with the left hand holding the right hand, naturally embracing each other, moderately elastic, fist crossing, and naturally shaking slightly on the chest, not too hard or too high. This kind of etiquette is mostly a New Year greeting between peers.

Playing Spring Cattle: Playing Mud Cattle "One dozen good weather, two dozen good weather, three dozen good harvests ..." After whipping the cattle, the calf boy also distributed the coarse grains in the belly of Mud Cattle to the on-site residents, implying a harmonious harvest. Cattle are the main force of spring ploughing. Folklore experts say that beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms. At this time, there are folk customs of welcoming spring, whipping spring and biting spring. Cattle are whipped to "remind" cows that spring is coming and it's time to start plowing. Cattle and people are friends, and people don't want to beat the real cow, so they make a fake cow out of mud or paper, beat it with wicker, and bring the real cow to see. In the past, mud cows had particles in their bellies. After whipping the cows, the residents picked up the grain on the ground, and the mud cows were "carved up" by the residents, and they were taken home and buried in the ground, symbolizing the bumper harvest of grains.

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